INTRODUCTION TO THE CONCEPT OF FIR
FIR, which stands for ‘First information Report’ is one of the most important part
for the Investigation and trail of a cognizable offence. As its name clarifies, it is
the First legal report of any cognizable offence which had happened or going on
or will take place in future. It contains relevant information about the cognizable
offence which will be delivered by any individual to the police or the police
authority itself lodge a FIR to start investigation in the matter. The courts of India
from the trails Court to the Supreme Court again and again in their several
judgments reiterated the Significance of the First Information report in any of the
cognizable offence. The importance is itself explained by its name that it is the
first report and it should be lodged immediately after the receiving of the
information because at first instance there are several factors which investigating
agency had to determine to take necessary action.
Under Cr.P.C (Criminal Procedure Code), Section 154 talks about the concept of
FIR in detail. It states that
154. Information in cognizable cases.
(1) Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, if given
orally to an officer in charge of a police station, shall be reduced to writing by
him or under his direction, and be read Over to the informant; and every such
information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be
signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book
to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe in
this behalf.
(2) A copy of the information as recorded under sub- section (1) shall be given
forthwith, free of cost, to the informant.
, (3) Any person aggrieved by a refusal on the part of an officer in charge of a
police station to record the information referred to in subsection (1) may send the
substance of such information, in writing and by post, to the Superintendent of
Police concerned who, if satisfied that such information discloses the commission
of a cognizable offence, shall either investigate the case himself or direct an
investigation to be made by any police officer subordinate to him, in the manner
provided by this Code, and such officer shall have all the powers of an officer in
charge of the police station in relation to that offence.
So after reading section 154 Cr.P.C, it became important to study the concept of
FIR in depth because it is the one of the most important document which have
relevance throughout the trail and the information in it will be examined deeply
because it is the first information that the police had received about the cognizable
offence in the jurisdiction of police station.
Section 154 of Cr.P.C clearly stipulates that the FIR must be registered when the
police officer had received information about the cognizable offence that is
committed. It is the first official record of the offence happened or going to
happen in a particular area. [Cognizable offences are the offences where the
police can arrest without the warrant]. In
Sk. Hasib V. state of Bihar (1972) 4 SCC 773
Supreme Court laid down that “ The statement of the informant as recorded under
section 154 is usually mentioned in practice as the first information report or
properly called an FIR. The principle object of the FIR from the point of view
of the informant is to set criminal trial in motion.”
FIR, which stands for ‘First information Report’ is one of the most important part
for the Investigation and trail of a cognizable offence. As its name clarifies, it is
the First legal report of any cognizable offence which had happened or going on
or will take place in future. It contains relevant information about the cognizable
offence which will be delivered by any individual to the police or the police
authority itself lodge a FIR to start investigation in the matter. The courts of India
from the trails Court to the Supreme Court again and again in their several
judgments reiterated the Significance of the First Information report in any of the
cognizable offence. The importance is itself explained by its name that it is the
first report and it should be lodged immediately after the receiving of the
information because at first instance there are several factors which investigating
agency had to determine to take necessary action.
Under Cr.P.C (Criminal Procedure Code), Section 154 talks about the concept of
FIR in detail. It states that
154. Information in cognizable cases.
(1) Every information relating to the commission of a cognizable offence, if given
orally to an officer in charge of a police station, shall be reduced to writing by
him or under his direction, and be read Over to the informant; and every such
information, whether given in writing or reduced to writing as aforesaid, shall be
signed by the person giving it, and the substance thereof shall be entered in a book
to be kept by such officer in such form as the State Government may prescribe in
this behalf.
(2) A copy of the information as recorded under sub- section (1) shall be given
forthwith, free of cost, to the informant.
, (3) Any person aggrieved by a refusal on the part of an officer in charge of a
police station to record the information referred to in subsection (1) may send the
substance of such information, in writing and by post, to the Superintendent of
Police concerned who, if satisfied that such information discloses the commission
of a cognizable offence, shall either investigate the case himself or direct an
investigation to be made by any police officer subordinate to him, in the manner
provided by this Code, and such officer shall have all the powers of an officer in
charge of the police station in relation to that offence.
So after reading section 154 Cr.P.C, it became important to study the concept of
FIR in depth because it is the one of the most important document which have
relevance throughout the trail and the information in it will be examined deeply
because it is the first information that the police had received about the cognizable
offence in the jurisdiction of police station.
Section 154 of Cr.P.C clearly stipulates that the FIR must be registered when the
police officer had received information about the cognizable offence that is
committed. It is the first official record of the offence happened or going to
happen in a particular area. [Cognizable offences are the offences where the
police can arrest without the warrant]. In
Sk. Hasib V. state of Bihar (1972) 4 SCC 773
Supreme Court laid down that “ The statement of the informant as recorded under
section 154 is usually mentioned in practice as the first information report or
properly called an FIR. The principle object of the FIR from the point of view
of the informant is to set criminal trial in motion.”
