NUR2513: Maternal Child Nursing Exam 3

NUR2513: Maternal Child Nursing Exam 3 Exam 3 Terms and Talking Points ● Echocardiogram o A noninvasive ultrasound used to visualize the heart. It provides details on the structure including dimensions, movement, and pressure gradients. It can also be used to estimate blood flow. ▪ There is a high r/o bleeding, so one must lie on that side for quite a while. ● Cardiac catheterization o An invasive procedure involving inserting a catheter through a large vein and artery to get to the heart. It allows for direct measurements of pressure, visualization of structures using a contrast medium, and some corrective procedures. ● CT imaging o Creates many views of an organ (as if in slices). Dense structures appear white while less dense structures appear gray/black. ▪ PET/SPECT: a CT with the use of an iodine-based radio isotopic contrast medium ▪ The machine resembles a large tube. o The child must lie still to avoid creating artifacts (may require sedation) ● Epiglottitis o Patho: Inflammation of the epiglottis (flap that covers the larynx). This is an emergency because the epiglottis cannot open to allow in air. It occurs often from the age of 2 to 8 years old. It can be bacterial or viral (H. influenzae B is a common cause that has been reduced by hib vaccine). o Assessment: It resembles a mild upper respiratory tract infection, but spreads to the epiglottis in 1 to 2 days. The child then experiences a high fever, sore throat, inspiratory stridor, hoarseness, tongue protrudes, and excessive saliva. ▪ Stimulating the gag reflex can cause a complete obstruction, so never attempt to stimulate it, visualize it, or get a direct culture. o Management: Oxygen is used for respiratory distress, IV fluids, antibiotics, and an endotracheal airway may be required to manage. ● Pyelonephritis o An infection of the pelvis of the kidney. It is usually d/t E. coli from a UTI. o The client will have CVA tenderness, fever, flank pain, an