· Skeletal system
INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY
- Bones, cartilages, ligaments, joints
Anatomy
- Protects, supports body organs.
– the study of the form, structure, and location of bodily parts.
- Provides framework that the skeletal muscles used to causes
- derived from the Greek words meaning to cut (tomy) and apart movement
(ana)
- Formation of blood cells: hematopoiesis
Physiology
· Muscular System
– the study of the function of the bodily parts and the processes -muscles of the body
involved with them -locomotion, facial expression, maintains posture, produces
heat wax
- study of how the body and its parts work for function
· Nervous System
LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION: -brain, spinal cord, nerves, in sensory receptors
-control system of the body; response to internal and external
· Chemical level – simplest level atoms and molecules. changes by activating muscles and glands
· Cellular level – cells are the small units of all living things. · Endocrine System
-pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, thymus, pancreas,
· Tissue level – groups of similar cells that have common
pineal, gonads
function.
-glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as
growth, reproduction, metabolism
· Organ level – two or more tissue types that perform specific
function.
· Cardiovascular System
-heart, blood vessels
· Organ system – group of organs that cooperate to accomplish
-pumps blood
a common function.
-carries 02, CO2, nutrients, etc.
· Organismal level – living body.
· Lymphatic System
-lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils
-picks up leak from blood vessels and returns it to blood
-disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream, houses WBC.
· Respiratory System
-nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
-keeps blood constantly supplied with O2 and remove CO2
ANATOMICAL TERMS
-the standard anatomical position is standing with arms at the sides
and palms and head facing forward
SYSTEMS OF THE BODY
· Integumentary system
- skin, hair, nails,
- cover, protect, lubricate the body surface.
, Plantar: interior surface of foot
Axial – region is the head, neck, and trunk
Abdominal - belly
Axillary - armpit
Cranial or cephalic - head
Cervical – neck
Facial - face
Inguinal - groin
ANATOMICAL TERMS AND DIRECTION: Pelvic - lower trunk
Anterior or ventral: front or belly side. Thoracic – chest
Posterior or dorsal: back side Umbilical – navel
Superior: closer to the top of the head and is used for the axial Frontal – forehead
region only
Orbital – eye
Inferior: as farther away from the top of the head and is used for
the axial region only; towards the feet Otic – ear
Cranial: towards the head Nasal – nose
Caudal: towards the tail Buccal – cheek
Internal: away from the surface, inside, deep Oral – mouth
External: towards the surface, superficial Mental – chin
Median: Midline of the body Occipital – beck of the head
Medial: is toward the midline of the body Sternal – breastbone
Lateral: away from the midline of the body Mammary – breast
Proximal: closer to the connection to the body and is used for Abdominal abdomen
appendicular region only
Coxal – hip
Distal: farther from the connection to the body and is used for the
appendicular region only Pubic – genital area
Superficial: closer to the surface Dorsal – back
Deep: farther from the surface Scapular – shoulder blade region
Right: the body's right side Vertebral – spinal column
Left: the bodies left side Lumbar – area of the back between lowest rib and buttocks
Palmar: anterior hand or palm of hand Appendicular - region that includes arms and legs
INTRODUCTION TO THE HUMAN BODY
- Bones, cartilages, ligaments, joints
Anatomy
- Protects, supports body organs.
– the study of the form, structure, and location of bodily parts.
- Provides framework that the skeletal muscles used to causes
- derived from the Greek words meaning to cut (tomy) and apart movement
(ana)
- Formation of blood cells: hematopoiesis
Physiology
· Muscular System
– the study of the function of the bodily parts and the processes -muscles of the body
involved with them -locomotion, facial expression, maintains posture, produces
heat wax
- study of how the body and its parts work for function
· Nervous System
LEVELS OF STRUCTURAL ORGANIZATION: -brain, spinal cord, nerves, in sensory receptors
-control system of the body; response to internal and external
· Chemical level – simplest level atoms and molecules. changes by activating muscles and glands
· Cellular level – cells are the small units of all living things. · Endocrine System
-pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, adrenals, thymus, pancreas,
· Tissue level – groups of similar cells that have common
pineal, gonads
function.
-glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as
growth, reproduction, metabolism
· Organ level – two or more tissue types that perform specific
function.
· Cardiovascular System
-heart, blood vessels
· Organ system – group of organs that cooperate to accomplish
-pumps blood
a common function.
-carries 02, CO2, nutrients, etc.
· Organismal level – living body.
· Lymphatic System
-lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils
-picks up leak from blood vessels and returns it to blood
-disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream, houses WBC.
· Respiratory System
-nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs
-keeps blood constantly supplied with O2 and remove CO2
ANATOMICAL TERMS
-the standard anatomical position is standing with arms at the sides
and palms and head facing forward
SYSTEMS OF THE BODY
· Integumentary system
- skin, hair, nails,
- cover, protect, lubricate the body surface.
, Plantar: interior surface of foot
Axial – region is the head, neck, and trunk
Abdominal - belly
Axillary - armpit
Cranial or cephalic - head
Cervical – neck
Facial - face
Inguinal - groin
ANATOMICAL TERMS AND DIRECTION: Pelvic - lower trunk
Anterior or ventral: front or belly side. Thoracic – chest
Posterior or dorsal: back side Umbilical – navel
Superior: closer to the top of the head and is used for the axial Frontal – forehead
region only
Orbital – eye
Inferior: as farther away from the top of the head and is used for
the axial region only; towards the feet Otic – ear
Cranial: towards the head Nasal – nose
Caudal: towards the tail Buccal – cheek
Internal: away from the surface, inside, deep Oral – mouth
External: towards the surface, superficial Mental – chin
Median: Midline of the body Occipital – beck of the head
Medial: is toward the midline of the body Sternal – breastbone
Lateral: away from the midline of the body Mammary – breast
Proximal: closer to the connection to the body and is used for Abdominal abdomen
appendicular region only
Coxal – hip
Distal: farther from the connection to the body and is used for the
appendicular region only Pubic – genital area
Superficial: closer to the surface Dorsal – back
Deep: farther from the surface Scapular – shoulder blade region
Right: the body's right side Vertebral – spinal column
Left: the bodies left side Lumbar – area of the back between lowest rib and buttocks
Palmar: anterior hand or palm of hand Appendicular - region that includes arms and legs
