PSYCHOLOGY FAST NOTES (THE NIGHT BEFORE EXAM)
Coping Skill/ Defense Mechanism
RANDOM INFO RELATED Original Freudian DM ada 8 sahaja, yang lain addition as time goes by.
The 8 DMs are: (remember they are paired in 2s, easy to remember as each pair almost similar
Lobe injury and disorder to each other so only need to remember 4 pair)
Site of brain lesion and abnormality
Occipital: Prosopagnosia (inability to recall face) - Repression, Regression (almost same phonic but very diff meaning, repression is unconscious
Temporal: (right - affective d/o), (left - psychotic d/o) act of making all the bad memories gone and pt mmg tak sedar pun bnda tu berlaku, regression
Hippocampus: (right: non verbal memory), (left: verbal memory) is kid throws tanthrums, tiba2 wet his pants despite dh pandai guna toilet)
Parietal: fine skills (apraxia, agnosia, agraphia) - Projection, Displacement (mcm sama kan, but projection is u blame someone doing what u
Thalamus: sensory actually do in other words shift blame. Meanwhile displacement is u kena marah then u marah org
lain yang tak berkaitan. Tiber)
Infamous psychological tool - Denial, sublimation (Denial is straight up tak accept the reality, sublimation is a good CS where
Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) - OCD u see and solve the problems by a good way eg stress? Pegi gym all day)
Impact of Event Scale (IES) - PTSD - Rationalise, intellectualise (R is u make up excuse sbb nak save muka u as if u are unbothered,
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) - Manic intellectuialisation is u search everything about your probs and try to detach from it.
Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT); CAGE questionnaire - Alcohol
Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) - Opioid Mature vs Immature CS/ DM
Short Opioid Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) - BDZ Immature: bnyk, some are acting out, reaction formation, passive aggression, regression, denial,
Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) etc
Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - wide use Mature: Not that much, SASH: Sublimation, Altruism, Supression, Humor
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) - Postpartum depression
Suicide Assessment Five step Evaluation and Triage (SAFE-T), Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating
Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) - suicide *Can come out EMQ!
Broset Violence Checklist - violence risks
Confusion Assessment Method - delirium
Impact of Event Scale (IES) - PTSD (and a lot more)
Importance of classification: CCREI abt it btch
Communication among clinicians for referral
Clinical use esp for identification of treatment
Research in order to test treatment efficacy
Education to teach psychopathology
Information management to measure and pay for care.
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
, PSYCHOLOGY FAST NOTES (THE NIGHT BEFORE EXAM)
6. Stereotypy: non-goal directed, repeated purposeless movement (bang head, tongue click, head
adjusting)
SCHIZOPHRENIA 6. Mutism: none, or very lil verbal response
7. Negativism: not responding to instructions
8. Echolalia: repetition of another’s speech
Stream of thoughts: CPR 9. Echopraxia: repetition of another’s movement
Crowding of thoughts 10. Grimacing: persistant contorted facial expression
Poverty of thoughts, Pressured speech 11. Mitgehen: excessive limb movement in response to slight pressure even when told to resist
Retardation of thinking 12. Mitmachen: limb movement in response to force from any direction, without resistant.
13. Ambitendency: Repetitive behaviour of cooperation followed by contradiction/ opposition
(make movement to response or stimuli but before completing movement, patient do opposite
Overvalued ideas: Belief that is not cleary false but has lack of proof for being right, that the
movement)
patient has exaggerated belief in but is held less rigidly as compared to delusion.
14. Gegenhalten: (halt) Patient resists movement from doctor
Delusion: False, fixed beliefs not explained by the patient’s culture, or education.
Obsession: Repetitive, persistant thoughts, ideas, or image that is inappropriate, and indeed
originated from his or her own minds, leading to anxiety and distress.
Delusion/ Hallucination types yang nama pelik2
Charles de Bonnet syndrome: Complex VH + central or partial reduction or imopairment of vision
Folie a deux: Shared delusional disorder, two ppl believing the same delusional beliefs, foul of two
person, usually close associates or relatives
Capgras: Imposter, belieiving someone is being replaced by an imposter (familiar person
beciming unfamiliar or distant)
Fregoli: belieiving someone unfamiliar tobe familiar, or two diff person is one signular idnetitiy
Erotomania/ De Clerambault: someone of high authority in love with pt
Jealousy/ Othello: self explanaotyr
Ekbom: Parasitosis delsion, believe body infested by bugs
Cotard: self/ part of self is believed to be dead
Catatonia (>3 symptoms)
1. Stupor: no psychomotor actvt, stunned, not reacting to environment
2. Catalepsy: muscle rigidity, fixity of posture regardless of ext stimuli
3. Waxy flexibility: similar to catalepsy, but with some resistant to positioning, like wax
4. Posturing: being in an uncomfortable, weird posture without difficulty (badan berlipat, etc)
5. Mannerism: goal-directed, odd style or bhvr, like a cartoon or caricature, hands gesture when
talking
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
, PSYCHOLOGY FAST NOTES (THE NIGHT BEFORE EXAM)
ANXIETY DISORDER, TRAUMA, OCD Cri F: Duration of DISTURBANCE more than 1 month (not events, events can be past events)
Cri G: Impairment
Cri H: Not attrib
Vicious cycle of panic episode: TPAPCWS
Trigger stimulus (bell) Ix
Perceived threat (identify bell as a trigger) Psychological tools (structured vs self report)
Apprehension of anxiety (oh no my heart is beating weird) Structured: The PTSD IV, SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 D/o), CAPS-5 (Clinician
Physiological sensation Administered PTSD Scale for DMS-5)
Catastrophic interpretation (im going to die) Self-report: IES (Impact of Event Scale), PCL-5 (PTSD Checklist fir DSM-5)
Worsening of physiological sensation
Safety behaviour (sit down) Tx
CBT, EMDR (Eye Moevemebnt Desensitizatin Reprocessing), RPM (RelapsePrevention &
GAD symptoms (>3 of RISk For My Crush within 6 months) Management, a gp therapy), Coping skill strategy (See Coping Skill)
Restlessness
Irritability
Sleep
Fatigue
Ms tense
Concentration
- women > men but men had earlier onset
- all age group even child adolescent also
PTSD
Traumatic events: Life threatening events LTE; out of range of human experiencee; lead to
significant fear, disrupted feelings, helplessness, etc; dt poor coping skill or incapability of
coping properly.
DSM-5
Cri A —> E (EIAMA)
Exposure
Intrusion
Avoidance
Mood or cognitive probs
Arousal
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
Coping Skill/ Defense Mechanism
RANDOM INFO RELATED Original Freudian DM ada 8 sahaja, yang lain addition as time goes by.
The 8 DMs are: (remember they are paired in 2s, easy to remember as each pair almost similar
Lobe injury and disorder to each other so only need to remember 4 pair)
Site of brain lesion and abnormality
Occipital: Prosopagnosia (inability to recall face) - Repression, Regression (almost same phonic but very diff meaning, repression is unconscious
Temporal: (right - affective d/o), (left - psychotic d/o) act of making all the bad memories gone and pt mmg tak sedar pun bnda tu berlaku, regression
Hippocampus: (right: non verbal memory), (left: verbal memory) is kid throws tanthrums, tiba2 wet his pants despite dh pandai guna toilet)
Parietal: fine skills (apraxia, agnosia, agraphia) - Projection, Displacement (mcm sama kan, but projection is u blame someone doing what u
Thalamus: sensory actually do in other words shift blame. Meanwhile displacement is u kena marah then u marah org
lain yang tak berkaitan. Tiber)
Infamous psychological tool - Denial, sublimation (Denial is straight up tak accept the reality, sublimation is a good CS where
Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) - OCD u see and solve the problems by a good way eg stress? Pegi gym all day)
Impact of Event Scale (IES) - PTSD - Rationalise, intellectualise (R is u make up excuse sbb nak save muka u as if u are unbothered,
Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) - Manic intellectuialisation is u search everything about your probs and try to detach from it.
Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT); CAGE questionnaire - Alcohol
Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) - Opioid Mature vs Immature CS/ DM
Short Opioid Withdrawal Scale (SOWS) - BDZ Immature: bnyk, some are acting out, reaction formation, passive aggression, regression, denial,
Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-10) etc
Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST) - wide use Mature: Not that much, SASH: Sublimation, Altruism, Supression, Humor
Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) - Postpartum depression
Suicide Assessment Five step Evaluation and Triage (SAFE-T), Columbia-Suicide Severity Rating
Scale, Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation (BSSI) - suicide *Can come out EMQ!
Broset Violence Checklist - violence risks
Confusion Assessment Method - delirium
Impact of Event Scale (IES) - PTSD (and a lot more)
Importance of classification: CCREI abt it btch
Communication among clinicians for referral
Clinical use esp for identification of treatment
Research in order to test treatment efficacy
Education to teach psychopathology
Information management to measure and pay for care.
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
, PSYCHOLOGY FAST NOTES (THE NIGHT BEFORE EXAM)
6. Stereotypy: non-goal directed, repeated purposeless movement (bang head, tongue click, head
adjusting)
SCHIZOPHRENIA 6. Mutism: none, or very lil verbal response
7. Negativism: not responding to instructions
8. Echolalia: repetition of another’s speech
Stream of thoughts: CPR 9. Echopraxia: repetition of another’s movement
Crowding of thoughts 10. Grimacing: persistant contorted facial expression
Poverty of thoughts, Pressured speech 11. Mitgehen: excessive limb movement in response to slight pressure even when told to resist
Retardation of thinking 12. Mitmachen: limb movement in response to force from any direction, without resistant.
13. Ambitendency: Repetitive behaviour of cooperation followed by contradiction/ opposition
(make movement to response or stimuli but before completing movement, patient do opposite
Overvalued ideas: Belief that is not cleary false but has lack of proof for being right, that the
movement)
patient has exaggerated belief in but is held less rigidly as compared to delusion.
14. Gegenhalten: (halt) Patient resists movement from doctor
Delusion: False, fixed beliefs not explained by the patient’s culture, or education.
Obsession: Repetitive, persistant thoughts, ideas, or image that is inappropriate, and indeed
originated from his or her own minds, leading to anxiety and distress.
Delusion/ Hallucination types yang nama pelik2
Charles de Bonnet syndrome: Complex VH + central or partial reduction or imopairment of vision
Folie a deux: Shared delusional disorder, two ppl believing the same delusional beliefs, foul of two
person, usually close associates or relatives
Capgras: Imposter, belieiving someone is being replaced by an imposter (familiar person
beciming unfamiliar or distant)
Fregoli: belieiving someone unfamiliar tobe familiar, or two diff person is one signular idnetitiy
Erotomania/ De Clerambault: someone of high authority in love with pt
Jealousy/ Othello: self explanaotyr
Ekbom: Parasitosis delsion, believe body infested by bugs
Cotard: self/ part of self is believed to be dead
Catatonia (>3 symptoms)
1. Stupor: no psychomotor actvt, stunned, not reacting to environment
2. Catalepsy: muscle rigidity, fixity of posture regardless of ext stimuli
3. Waxy flexibility: similar to catalepsy, but with some resistant to positioning, like wax
4. Posturing: being in an uncomfortable, weird posture without difficulty (badan berlipat, etc)
5. Mannerism: goal-directed, odd style or bhvr, like a cartoon or caricature, hands gesture when
talking
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
, PSYCHOLOGY FAST NOTES (THE NIGHT BEFORE EXAM)
ANXIETY DISORDER, TRAUMA, OCD Cri F: Duration of DISTURBANCE more than 1 month (not events, events can be past events)
Cri G: Impairment
Cri H: Not attrib
Vicious cycle of panic episode: TPAPCWS
Trigger stimulus (bell) Ix
Perceived threat (identify bell as a trigger) Psychological tools (structured vs self report)
Apprehension of anxiety (oh no my heart is beating weird) Structured: The PTSD IV, SCID (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 D/o), CAPS-5 (Clinician
Physiological sensation Administered PTSD Scale for DMS-5)
Catastrophic interpretation (im going to die) Self-report: IES (Impact of Event Scale), PCL-5 (PTSD Checklist fir DSM-5)
Worsening of physiological sensation
Safety behaviour (sit down) Tx
CBT, EMDR (Eye Moevemebnt Desensitizatin Reprocessing), RPM (RelapsePrevention &
GAD symptoms (>3 of RISk For My Crush within 6 months) Management, a gp therapy), Coping skill strategy (See Coping Skill)
Restlessness
Irritability
Sleep
Fatigue
Ms tense
Concentration
- women > men but men had earlier onset
- all age group even child adolescent also
PTSD
Traumatic events: Life threatening events LTE; out of range of human experiencee; lead to
significant fear, disrupted feelings, helplessness, etc; dt poor coping skill or incapability of
coping properly.
DSM-5
Cri A —> E (EIAMA)
Exposure
Intrusion
Avoidance
Mood or cognitive probs
Arousal
If you feel like giving up, try not to feel. -Izzah Safiah Tarazi, 2021, 29 Dec
