ati pharm proctored exams, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
1. An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:
(correct Ans)- providing antibodies obtained from immune humans or
animals.
2. Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is
the rationale?
(correct Ans)- Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the
same time.
3. Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:
(correct Ans)- can cause "red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is
almost always fatal.
4. The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:
(correct Ans)- narcan.
5. The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:
(correct Ans)- thromboembolism.
6. When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:
(correct Ans)- higher dose needed to achieve same effect.
7. Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:
(correct Ans)- Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
8. The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the
osmotic diuretic mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early
adverse effect of mannitol?
(correct Ans)- Bounding pulse
9. Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic
blockers:
(correct Ans)- are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
,10.A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a
prescription for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?
(correct Ans)- One hour before the flight
11.Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is
allergic to penicillin. Why is this important to assess?
(correct Ans)- A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross
sensitivity to cephalosporins.
12.The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?
(correct Ans)- Tetracyclines
13.In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which
drug should be readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic
reaction?
(correct Ans)- Epinephrine
14.Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:
(correct Ans)- decrease tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
15.Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of
declined plasma albumin levels in older adults?
(correct Ans)- "There is an increased risk for adverse effects."
16.To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who
uses a beclomethasone inhaler to take which action?
(correct Ans)- Rinse the mouth after each use.
17.A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control
pills. She calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication
yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse give?
(correct Ans)- "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
18.The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:
(correct Ans)- facilitate mucus expectoration.
19.Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which
class of anti-hypertensive drugs?
(correct Ans)- Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
,20.The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which
condition?
(correct Ans)- Protracted muscle spasticity
21.Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client
who has anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is
appropriate for the care of this client?
(correct Ans)- Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
22.The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the
client with chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse
practitioner reconsider the use of this medication?
(correct Ans)- Hypertension
23.When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium
chloride, it is especially important for the nurse to monitor for which
potential adverse effect?
(correct Ans)- Cardiac dsyrhythmias
24.Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the
antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac)?
(correct Ans)- Sexual dysfunction
25.After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects
evaluation of the drug's effectiveness?
(correct Ans)- Client states that cough has been relieved.
26.Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If
the rate is 62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?
(correct Ans)- Give the drug and document the heart rate.
27.Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days,
the client's heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis
explains this change?
(correct Ans)- Slowed impulse conduction
28.One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:
(correct Ans)- dilate peripheral blood vessels.
, 29.There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers.
Which agent reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective
barrier over the ulcer?
(correct Ans)- Sucralfate (Carafate)
30.A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn
sodium (Intal) for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement
by the nurse?
(correct Ans)- "Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute
attacks."
31.The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases
the risk of:
(correct Ans)- diarrhea or constipation.
32.A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be
instructed to:
(correct Ans)- take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
33.Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver
function?
(correct Ans)- Metabolism
34.A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client
should the nurse question use of this medication?
(correct Ans)- Child age 10
35.A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene
(Dyrenium) for fluid retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt
substitute so she will not retain so much water. What is the most appropriate
nursing response?
(correct Ans)- "Using a salt substitute with this medication could cause you
to have too much potassium."
36.Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients.
Which order should the nurse question?
(correct Ans)- Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve pain in a
30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
1. An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:
(correct Ans)- providing antibodies obtained from immune humans or
animals.
2. Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is
the rationale?
(correct Ans)- Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the
same time.
3. Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:
(correct Ans)- can cause "red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is
almost always fatal.
4. The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:
(correct Ans)- narcan.
5. The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:
(correct Ans)- thromboembolism.
6. When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:
(correct Ans)- higher dose needed to achieve same effect.
7. Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:
(correct Ans)- Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
8. The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the
osmotic diuretic mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early
adverse effect of mannitol?
(correct Ans)- Bounding pulse
9. Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic
blockers:
(correct Ans)- are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
,10.A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a
prescription for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?
(correct Ans)- One hour before the flight
11.Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is
allergic to penicillin. Why is this important to assess?
(correct Ans)- A client who is allergic to penicillin can have a cross
sensitivity to cephalosporins.
12.The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?
(correct Ans)- Tetracyclines
13.In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which
drug should be readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic
reaction?
(correct Ans)- Epinephrine
14.Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:
(correct Ans)- decrease tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
15.Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of
declined plasma albumin levels in older adults?
(correct Ans)- "There is an increased risk for adverse effects."
16.To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who
uses a beclomethasone inhaler to take which action?
(correct Ans)- Rinse the mouth after each use.
17.A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control
pills. She calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication
yesterday. Which instructions will the nurse give?
(correct Ans)- "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
18.The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:
(correct Ans)- facilitate mucus expectoration.
19.Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which
class of anti-hypertensive drugs?
(correct Ans)- Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
,20.The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which
condition?
(correct Ans)- Protracted muscle spasticity
21.Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client
who has anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is
appropriate for the care of this client?
(correct Ans)- Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
22.The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the
client with chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse
practitioner reconsider the use of this medication?
(correct Ans)- Hypertension
23.When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium
chloride, it is especially important for the nurse to monitor for which
potential adverse effect?
(correct Ans)- Cardiac dsyrhythmias
24.Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the
antidepressant fluoxetine (Prozac)?
(correct Ans)- Sexual dysfunction
25.After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects
evaluation of the drug's effectiveness?
(correct Ans)- Client states that cough has been relieved.
26.Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If
the rate is 62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?
(correct Ans)- Give the drug and document the heart rate.
27.Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days,
the client's heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis
explains this change?
(correct Ans)- Slowed impulse conduction
28.One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:
(correct Ans)- dilate peripheral blood vessels.
, 29.There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers.
Which agent reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective
barrier over the ulcer?
(correct Ans)- Sucralfate (Carafate)
30.A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn
sodium (Intal) for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement
by the nurse?
(correct Ans)- "Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute
attacks."
31.The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases
the risk of:
(correct Ans)- diarrhea or constipation.
32.A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be
instructed to:
(correct Ans)- take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
33.Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver
function?
(correct Ans)- Metabolism
34.A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client
should the nurse question use of this medication?
(correct Ans)- Child age 10
35.A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene
(Dyrenium) for fluid retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt
substitute so she will not retain so much water. What is the most appropriate
nursing response?
(correct Ans)- "Using a salt substitute with this medication could cause you
to have too much potassium."
36.Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients.
Which order should the nurse question?
(correct Ans)- Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve pain in a
30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
