NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
PN2 Exam 3 Study Guide
ARTICLE: Seizure (new and improved in the last two years)
Cataracts: what are you going to do, what are you going to see, what is the treatment
Cataracts occur as the opacity of the lens becomes cloudy or turns a yellowish brown color,
distorting the light passing through to the retina
• The lens is made of water and protein; when the protein clumps together this
produces the cloudiness
• When the lens develops the yellowish brown color it often results in color distortion
• Symptoms include cloudiness or blurriness, reduced night vision, and color
distortion or faded colors
Management for patients with cataracts starts with adjusting the corrective lens as
frequently as necessary to ensure optimal vision
• Surgical treatment for cataracts begins when vision is sufficiently impaired to
interfere with ADLs
o There are two types of surgery: phacoemulsification and extracapsular surgery
o Cataract surgery is done almost exclusively as an outpatient procedure
o Preoperative nursing care includes preop history and physical, including
medication usage, administration of eye drops to dilate the pupil and
cause vasoconstriction, and patient education
o Oral medications may be given in the preop phase to reduce intraocular
pressure, such as acteazol amide (Diamox, Acetazolam)
o During the intraop procedure, the cataract is removed, and an IOL is placed in
most patients
o Postop care usually includes use of eye drops, including a steroid and
antibiotic placed subconjunctivally
o The eye is usually left unpatched, and the patient discharged home
o Emphasize the postop care of eye drop instillation
o The postop period should be relatively free of complication, and pain or
swelling are generally not expected. If pain with nausea and vomiting should
occur, notify the ophthalmologist
Rheumatoid Arthritis: plan of care, what are you going to do for them, what are you
going to see, help alleviate it, are they going to get better (is it going to go away), what will
work for them, what will not
Planning and Implementation:
• Expected outcomes include preserving the individual’s participation in daily activities,
maintain pain at a level that permits participation in self care; being able to balance
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
,NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
rest and activity; adhering to the therapeutic regimen; and coping effectively with the
numerous psycho social spiritual impacts of the disease
• The nurse must be knowledgeable of the latest drug safety information
• Vigilant assessment of the patient’s increased susceptibility to infections and
toxic effects of immunosuppressive therapy to organs and tissues is essential
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
,NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
• The goals of treatment focus on managing pain and reducing inflammation,
promoting remission, increasing ADL function abilities, and helping individuals to
cope with disabilities
• Progression of the disease can be slowed with early aggressive treatment
• Multidisciplinary approaches are used, including muscle strengthening, ROM,
and activities to prevent imbalance and the risk of further injury because of falls
• Water treatment
• Applications of heat or cold and analgesic ointments to the affected areas often
provide pain relief, however, massage can aggravate the inflammation in the acute
inflamed joints
• Inmersion of the hands in warm paraffin baths followed by hand exercises is
beneficial in relieving pain and stiffness
• Acupuncture, yoga, guided imagery, and therapeutic touch
• Surgeries, such as tendon transfer, surgical removal of the synovia in the affected
joints, fusion of a joint, arthroplasty, and joint replacement
Nutrition:
• Weight loss is often associated with RA related to several factors: loss or change of
appetite because of the stress of the disease or prescribed medications, inability to
prepare meals secondary to loss of strength in hands or decreased stamina to
prepare the meals, and depression because of the impact of a chronic and debilitating
disease
• Recommended nutritional intake includes use of monounsaturated fats found in
olive oil and avocados. Foods with omega 3 fatty acids, such as walnuts, fish, eggs,
grass fed beef
Pharmacology:
• Table 42-2
Assessment with Clinical Manifestations
• Common early clinical manifestations include diffuse musculoskeletal pain, low
grade fever, possible anorexia, and loss of weight
• Later, articular (within the joint) manifestations include synovitis, which is
inflammation of the synovial capsule that causes escape of synovial fluid into the
synovial capsule
o Subsequent hypertrophy and symmetrical joint deformity (particularly
wrists, hands, and knees occurs)
• Pain, muscle spasms, and weakness, because of contractures of muscles, tendons,
and ligaments, and muscle and soft tissue damage greatly impact the person’s ADLs
• Extra articular manifestations that can occur at any time during the course of the
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
, NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
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disease include Sjogren’s syndrome (a chronic inflammatory eye disorder), pulmonary
fibrosis, pericarditis, nerve compression, and vasculitis
• Development of non-tender rheumatoid nodules that are made up of granulation
tissue surrounding a core of fibrous debris can occur in the subQ tissue and even in
visceral organs, such as the lungs and heart
• Stiffness and diminished function after prolonged activity, especially on arising in
the morning, are hallmarks of the progressive severity of the disease
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
PN2 Exam 3 Study Guide
ARTICLE: Seizure (new and improved in the last two years)
Cataracts: what are you going to do, what are you going to see, what is the treatment
Cataracts occur as the opacity of the lens becomes cloudy or turns a yellowish brown color,
distorting the light passing through to the retina
• The lens is made of water and protein; when the protein clumps together this
produces the cloudiness
• When the lens develops the yellowish brown color it often results in color distortion
• Symptoms include cloudiness or blurriness, reduced night vision, and color
distortion or faded colors
Management for patients with cataracts starts with adjusting the corrective lens as
frequently as necessary to ensure optimal vision
• Surgical treatment for cataracts begins when vision is sufficiently impaired to
interfere with ADLs
o There are two types of surgery: phacoemulsification and extracapsular surgery
o Cataract surgery is done almost exclusively as an outpatient procedure
o Preoperative nursing care includes preop history and physical, including
medication usage, administration of eye drops to dilate the pupil and
cause vasoconstriction, and patient education
o Oral medications may be given in the preop phase to reduce intraocular
pressure, such as acteazol amide (Diamox, Acetazolam)
o During the intraop procedure, the cataract is removed, and an IOL is placed in
most patients
o Postop care usually includes use of eye drops, including a steroid and
antibiotic placed subconjunctivally
o The eye is usually left unpatched, and the patient discharged home
o Emphasize the postop care of eye drop instillation
o The postop period should be relatively free of complication, and pain or
swelling are generally not expected. If pain with nausea and vomiting should
occur, notify the ophthalmologist
Rheumatoid Arthritis: plan of care, what are you going to do for them, what are you
going to see, help alleviate it, are they going to get better (is it going to go away), what will
work for them, what will not
Planning and Implementation:
• Expected outcomes include preserving the individual’s participation in daily activities,
maintain pain at a level that permits participation in self care; being able to balance
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
,NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
rest and activity; adhering to the therapeutic regimen; and coping effectively with the
numerous psycho social spiritual impacts of the disease
• The nurse must be knowledgeable of the latest drug safety information
• Vigilant assessment of the patient’s increased susceptibility to infections and
toxic effects of immunosuppressive therapy to organs and tissues is essential
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
,NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
• The goals of treatment focus on managing pain and reducing inflammation,
promoting remission, increasing ADL function abilities, and helping individuals to
cope with disabilities
• Progression of the disease can be slowed with early aggressive treatment
• Multidisciplinary approaches are used, including muscle strengthening, ROM,
and activities to prevent imbalance and the risk of further injury because of falls
• Water treatment
• Applications of heat or cold and analgesic ointments to the affected areas often
provide pain relief, however, massage can aggravate the inflammation in the acute
inflamed joints
• Inmersion of the hands in warm paraffin baths followed by hand exercises is
beneficial in relieving pain and stiffness
• Acupuncture, yoga, guided imagery, and therapeutic touch
• Surgeries, such as tendon transfer, surgical removal of the synovia in the affected
joints, fusion of a joint, arthroplasty, and joint replacement
Nutrition:
• Weight loss is often associated with RA related to several factors: loss or change of
appetite because of the stress of the disease or prescribed medications, inability to
prepare meals secondary to loss of strength in hands or decreased stamina to
prepare the meals, and depression because of the impact of a chronic and debilitating
disease
• Recommended nutritional intake includes use of monounsaturated fats found in
olive oil and avocados. Foods with omega 3 fatty acids, such as walnuts, fish, eggs,
grass fed beef
Pharmacology:
• Table 42-2
Assessment with Clinical Manifestations
• Common early clinical manifestations include diffuse musculoskeletal pain, low
grade fever, possible anorexia, and loss of weight
• Later, articular (within the joint) manifestations include synovitis, which is
inflammation of the synovial capsule that causes escape of synovial fluid into the
synovial capsule
o Subsequent hypertrophy and symmetrical joint deformity (particularly
wrists, hands, and knees occurs)
• Pain, muscle spasms, and weakness, because of contractures of muscles, tendons,
and ligaments, and muscle and soft tissue damage greatly impact the person’s ADLs
• Extra articular manifestations that can occur at any time during the course of the
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
, NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional Nursing 2
Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide (Latest
2021/2022) Rasmussen
disease include Sjogren’s syndrome (a chronic inflammatory eye disorder), pulmonary
fibrosis, pericarditis, nerve compression, and vasculitis
• Development of non-tender rheumatoid nodules that are made up of granulation
tissue surrounding a core of fibrous debris can occur in the subQ tissue and even in
visceral organs, such as the lungs and heart
• Stiffness and diminished function after prolonged activity, especially on arising in
the morning, are hallmarks of the progressive severity of the disease
NUR 2571 / NUR2571 Exam 3: Professional
Nursing 2 Exam 3 / PN2 Exam 3 Concept Guide
(Latest 2021/2022) Rasmussen
