1. DNA nucleotide specifically consists of
a. A five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group
b. A five-carbon sugar and an amino acid
c. A ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
d. A deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
e. A five-carbon sugar and a nitrogen base.
2. A base is a protein
a. Converter
b. Donor
c. Creator
d. Acceptor
e. Both acceptor/creator
3. A class of lipids used as chemical messengers, to signal cells to undergo changes, is called Steriods
4. A collection of cells that work together designates a(n) tissue
5. A component of an important buffer in the human body is: HCO3-
6. A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ion is: acidic
7. According to the rules of complentary base pariing, a nucleotide containing the base cytosine would only pair
with a nucleotide containg the base: guanine
8. Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by: peptide bonds
9. An initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus in positive feedback.
10. Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are catalyzed by special protein molecules called
enzymes.
11. Contractile protein fibers of the heart are considered to belong to which level of organization?
Chemical
12. Enzymes function as biological catalysis
13. Indicate the primary function(s) of the structure shown in the figure. Structural component of cell
membranes, hormones, and digestive secretion
14. Which of the following structural features consist of cristae enclosing important metabolic enzymes? 8
15. Which of the following labeled structures is essential for movement of the chromosome during cell division
and is considered the apical region of the cell? 2
16. Which of the following functions in the synthesis of secretory products, as well as intracellular storage and
transport? 10
17. Identify the polysaccharide in the following list of molecules (sometimes called animal starch) glycogen
18. If a substance resists change in pH, either by removing or replacing hydrogen ions, it is called buffer
19. In a molecule of hydrogen, a pair of electrons is shared equally. Such a bond is called a(n) nonpolar
covalent bond
20. In dealing w/physiology, function is related to form
21. Interactions between different globular or fibrous polypeptide chains result in which type of structure?
Quaternary
22. Ions with a positive charge are called cations.
23. Protein synthesis takes place on the ribosomes.
24. Proteins are composed of units called amino acids.
25. Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called solutes.
26. Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the active sites.
27. The alpha-helix and pleated sheet are examples of the secondary structure of a protein.
28. The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following? An organ system
29. The increasingly forceful labor contractions that lead to childbirth are an example of which type of
mechanism? Positive feedback
30. The intracellular fluid inside a cell is known as cytosol
31. The molecule DNA contains the unique five-carbon sugar deoxyribose.
32. The molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as its substrate
, 33. The most acidic solution would have a pH of 0.
34. The most important energy-transferring compound in cells is a nucleotide known as Adenosine
Triphosphate (ATP).
35. The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by phosphodiester bonds.
36. The phosphate "head" of a phospholipid is both hydrophilic and polar.
37. The prevention of change, by ignoring minor variations and maintaining a normal range rather than a
fixed value, is characteristic of negative feedback
38. Smallest living things are: cells
39. Structure of collagen consist of: braided triple helix
40. The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external
environment is called homeostasis.
41. What is the primary composition of organic compounds? Carbon and hydrogen
42. When an anion and a cation are electrically attracted to each other, ionic bond is formed.
43. Which bases below are purines? 1,3
44. Which is the mechanism of enzyme functioning? Enzymes rise the activation energy of a
reaction
45. Which of the following constitutes most of the total body weight in humans? Water
46. Which of the following describes a mechanism that brings the internal environment back to normal?
Negative Feedback
47. Which of the following elements is found in all organic molecules? Carbon
48. Which of the following is a primary protein structure? Hydrophobic interaction
49. Which of the following is a proton donor? An acid
50. Which of the following is the simplest level of organization? Chemical
51. Which of the following is unique to RNA? Ribose
52. Which of the following nitrogen bases is found in RNA but not DNA? Uracil
53. Which of the following organic groups does DNA belong to? Nucleic acid
54. Which of the following organic groups does myoglobin belong to? protein
55. Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics? Transcription and
translation
56. Which of the following terms is used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human
cell from its surrounding medium? Plasma membrane
57. What organ system is labeled #1? Shows a pic of a human body (skin) integumentary system
58. What is (are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #2? Shows skeletal system. Provides
support, protects tissue, stores minerals
59. What is (are) the function(s) of the organ system #4? Directs immediate responses to stimuli
60. What is(are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #3? Provides support, produce heat
Lecture Quiz 2 Part 1:
1. Which of the following is a function of the efferent division of the nervous system?
a. Providing sensation of the internal/external environment
b. Integrating sensory information
c. Coordinating voluntary and involuntary activities
d. Regulating or controlling peripheral structures and systems
e. Send signals to muscle
2. The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called
a. Exocytosis
b. Diffusion
c. Endocytosis
d. Phagocytosis
e. Active transport
,3. The concentration of calcium inside a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium outside the cell is 0.1%. How could the cell
transport even more calcium to the inside?
a. Exocytosis
b. Active transport
c. Osmosis
d. Passive transport
e. All of the answers are correct
4. The all-or-none principle states that
a. All stimuli will produce identical action potentials
b. Only motor stimuli can activate action potentials
c. The greater the magnitude of the stimuli, the greater the intensity of the action potential
d. All stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce action potentials of identical
magnitude.
e. Only sensory stimuli can activate action potential
5. Compared to the outside surface, the inside of a resting cell membrane is
a. Electrically neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active
d. negatively charged
e. continuously reversing its electrical charge.
6. Conduction speed is (or can be) enhanced by
a. Altering extracellular sodium concentration
b. Myelin and increase in temperature
c. Increasing the temperature
d. Altering extracellular potassium concentration
e. myelin
7. Voltage-gated (voltage-dependent) channels and antiport carriers are both types of
a. Transporters
b. Enzymes
c. Receptors
d. Structural proteins
8. Which property of diffusion best helps explain the necessity of the circulatory system in multicellular organisms?
a. Diffusion can take place in an open system or across a partition that separates 2 systems
b. Diffusion rate is inversely related to molecular size
c. Diffusion is rapid over short distance but much slower long distance
d. Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
9. Which body fluid compartment contains high levels of K +, large anions, and proteins?
a. Interstitial fluid only
b. Plasma only
c. Intracellular fluid only
d. Both plasma and intracellular fluid
e. Both plasma and interstitial fluid
10. When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium
a. there are equivalent amounts of substrate and product
b. the reaction has stopped
c. there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products
d. the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate.
11. The cell membrane acts as a good
a. Source of ions
b. Electrical gradient
c. Electrical insulator
d. electrical conductor
12. Saltatory conduction
a. Is faster than conduction on an unmyelinated axon
b. Occurs at the synapse
c. Occurs only if nodes of Raniver are lacking
d. Is slower than conduction on an unmyelinated axon
e. Occurs only if the myelin sheath is continuous
13. The resting membrane potential in a typical nerve cell is approximately
a. +35 mV
b. -35 mV
c. 0 mV
d. -70 mV
e. +70 mV
14. The term secretion refers to
a. process by which cell release a substance into the outside
, b. storage of a mineral, until it is time for it to leave the cell
c. synthesis of protein for export from the cell
d. the manufacture and assembly of a material
e. none of the answers describe secretion
15. Facilitated diffusion and active transport differ in that
a. Facilitated diffusion moves water across the cell membrane, whereas active transport does not.
b. Potential energy is required for active transport but not for facilitated diffusion
c. Facilitated diffusion uses a substrate to bind to a protein carrier, where as active transport doesn’t
d. Facilitated diffusion uses cell membrane proteins to move substances, whereas active transport does not
e. ATP is necessary for active transport, but not for facilitated diffusion.
16. Water is a polar molecule, yet it easily moves through the nonpolar portions of cell membranes. Which transport process is
responsible?
a. Facilitated diffusion
b. Antiport
c. Uniport
d. Symport
e. Simple diffusion
17. The inside of a resting cell is slightly negative relative to the outside. This is an example of
a. Chemical disequilibrium
b. Electrical disequilibrium
c. Osmotic equilibrium
d. Failed homeostasis
18. The general term that describes energy stored in chemical bonds is
a. Kinetic energy
b. Entropy
c. Potential energy
d. Thermodynamics
e. Bioenergetics
19. Pinocytosis and phagocytosis are types of
a. Exocytosis
b. Endocytosis and exocytosis
c. Phagocytosis
d. Exocytosis and phagocytosis
e. Endocytosis
20. Which of the following statements about the resting membrane potential is TRUE?
a. It is normally equal to zero volts
b. It results, in part, from the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+.
c. It is due in part to the presence of extracellular proteins
d. The inside of the membrane is positively charged compared to the outside
21. Which of the following is NOT involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron?
a. Resting membrane permeability for sodium ions greater than potassium ions
b. Diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell
c. Diffusion of sodium ions into the cell
d. Resting membrane permeability for potassium ions greater than sodium ions
22. Chemical reactions in a living system function to
a. Only transfer energy from one molecule to another
b. create new energy
c. only use energy stored in a molecule
d. transfer energy from one molecule to another or use energy stored in a molecule
23. The ion that plays a key role in initiating electrical signals in neurons is
a. Cl-
b. K+
c. Na+
d. Ca2+
24. The sodium-potassium exchange pump:
a. Transports sodium ions into the cell during depolarization
b. Moves sodium and potassium in the direction of their chemical gradients
c. Must re-establish ion concentrations after each action potential
d. Requires ATP to function
e. Transports potassium ions out of the cell during repolarization
25. Bipolar neurons are commonly
a. found in the retina of the eye
b. found in the ganglia
c. motor neurons
d. called neuroglial cells
26. Cell membranes are said to be
a. A five-carbon sugar and a phosphate group
b. A five-carbon sugar and an amino acid
c. A ribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
d. A deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and a phosphate group.
e. A five-carbon sugar and a nitrogen base.
2. A base is a protein
a. Converter
b. Donor
c. Creator
d. Acceptor
e. Both acceptor/creator
3. A class of lipids used as chemical messengers, to signal cells to undergo changes, is called Steriods
4. A collection of cells that work together designates a(n) tissue
5. A component of an important buffer in the human body is: HCO3-
6. A solution containing more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ion is: acidic
7. According to the rules of complentary base pariing, a nucleotide containing the base cytosine would only pair
with a nucleotide containg the base: guanine
8. Adjacent amino acids in a polypeptide chain are held together by: peptide bonds
9. An initial stimulus produces a response that reinforces the stimulus in positive feedback.
10. Chemical reactions that occur in the human body are catalyzed by special protein molecules called
enzymes.
11. Contractile protein fibers of the heart are considered to belong to which level of organization?
Chemical
12. Enzymes function as biological catalysis
13. Indicate the primary function(s) of the structure shown in the figure. Structural component of cell
membranes, hormones, and digestive secretion
14. Which of the following structural features consist of cristae enclosing important metabolic enzymes? 8
15. Which of the following labeled structures is essential for movement of the chromosome during cell division
and is considered the apical region of the cell? 2
16. Which of the following functions in the synthesis of secretory products, as well as intracellular storage and
transport? 10
17. Identify the polysaccharide in the following list of molecules (sometimes called animal starch) glycogen
18. If a substance resists change in pH, either by removing or replacing hydrogen ions, it is called buffer
19. In a molecule of hydrogen, a pair of electrons is shared equally. Such a bond is called a(n) nonpolar
covalent bond
20. In dealing w/physiology, function is related to form
21. Interactions between different globular or fibrous polypeptide chains result in which type of structure?
Quaternary
22. Ions with a positive charge are called cations.
23. Protein synthesis takes place on the ribosomes.
24. Proteins are composed of units called amino acids.
25. Substances dissolved in the liquid portion of a solution are called solutes.
26. Substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the active sites.
27. The alpha-helix and pleated sheet are examples of the secondary structure of a protein.
28. The heart, blood, and blood vessels combine to form which of the following? An organ system
29. The increasingly forceful labor contractions that lead to childbirth are an example of which type of
mechanism? Positive feedback
30. The intracellular fluid inside a cell is known as cytosol
31. The molecule DNA contains the unique five-carbon sugar deoxyribose.
32. The molecule that an enzyme acts upon is known as its substrate
, 33. The most acidic solution would have a pH of 0.
34. The most important energy-transferring compound in cells is a nucleotide known as Adenosine
Triphosphate (ATP).
35. The nucleotides in the backbone of DNA are held together by phosphodiester bonds.
36. The phosphate "head" of a phospholipid is both hydrophilic and polar.
37. The prevention of change, by ignoring minor variations and maintaining a normal range rather than a
fixed value, is characteristic of negative feedback
38. Smallest living things are: cells
39. Structure of collagen consist of: braided triple helix
40. The tendency for physiological systems to stabilize internal conditions with respect to the external
environment is called homeostasis.
41. What is the primary composition of organic compounds? Carbon and hydrogen
42. When an anion and a cation are electrically attracted to each other, ionic bond is formed.
43. Which bases below are purines? 1,3
44. Which is the mechanism of enzyme functioning? Enzymes rise the activation energy of a
reaction
45. Which of the following constitutes most of the total body weight in humans? Water
46. Which of the following describes a mechanism that brings the internal environment back to normal?
Negative Feedback
47. Which of the following elements is found in all organic molecules? Carbon
48. Which of the following is a primary protein structure? Hydrophobic interaction
49. Which of the following is a proton donor? An acid
50. Which of the following is the simplest level of organization? Chemical
51. Which of the following is unique to RNA? Ribose
52. Which of the following nitrogen bases is found in RNA but not DNA? Uracil
53. Which of the following organic groups does DNA belong to? Nucleic acid
54. Which of the following organic groups does myoglobin belong to? protein
55. Which of the following processes is involved in the "central dogma" of genetics? Transcription and
translation
56. Which of the following terms is used to define the structure that separates the contents of a human
cell from its surrounding medium? Plasma membrane
57. What organ system is labeled #1? Shows a pic of a human body (skin) integumentary system
58. What is (are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #2? Shows skeletal system. Provides
support, protects tissue, stores minerals
59. What is (are) the function(s) of the organ system #4? Directs immediate responses to stimuli
60. What is(are) the function(s) of the organ system labeled #3? Provides support, produce heat
Lecture Quiz 2 Part 1:
1. Which of the following is a function of the efferent division of the nervous system?
a. Providing sensation of the internal/external environment
b. Integrating sensory information
c. Coordinating voluntary and involuntary activities
d. Regulating or controlling peripheral structures and systems
e. Send signals to muscle
2. The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called
a. Exocytosis
b. Diffusion
c. Endocytosis
d. Phagocytosis
e. Active transport
,3. The concentration of calcium inside a cell is 0.3%. The concentration of calcium outside the cell is 0.1%. How could the cell
transport even more calcium to the inside?
a. Exocytosis
b. Active transport
c. Osmosis
d. Passive transport
e. All of the answers are correct
4. The all-or-none principle states that
a. All stimuli will produce identical action potentials
b. Only motor stimuli can activate action potentials
c. The greater the magnitude of the stimuli, the greater the intensity of the action potential
d. All stimuli great enough to bring the membrane to threshold will produce action potentials of identical
magnitude.
e. Only sensory stimuli can activate action potential
5. Compared to the outside surface, the inside of a resting cell membrane is
a. Electrically neutral
b. Positively charged
c. Positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active
d. negatively charged
e. continuously reversing its electrical charge.
6. Conduction speed is (or can be) enhanced by
a. Altering extracellular sodium concentration
b. Myelin and increase in temperature
c. Increasing the temperature
d. Altering extracellular potassium concentration
e. myelin
7. Voltage-gated (voltage-dependent) channels and antiport carriers are both types of
a. Transporters
b. Enzymes
c. Receptors
d. Structural proteins
8. Which property of diffusion best helps explain the necessity of the circulatory system in multicellular organisms?
a. Diffusion can take place in an open system or across a partition that separates 2 systems
b. Diffusion rate is inversely related to molecular size
c. Diffusion is rapid over short distance but much slower long distance
d. Molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
9. Which body fluid compartment contains high levels of K +, large anions, and proteins?
a. Interstitial fluid only
b. Plasma only
c. Intracellular fluid only
d. Both plasma and intracellular fluid
e. Both plasma and interstitial fluid
10. When a chemical reaction is in equilibrium
a. there are equivalent amounts of substrate and product
b. the reaction has stopped
c. there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products
d. the reaction is proceeding at its maximum rate.
11. The cell membrane acts as a good
a. Source of ions
b. Electrical gradient
c. Electrical insulator
d. electrical conductor
12. Saltatory conduction
a. Is faster than conduction on an unmyelinated axon
b. Occurs at the synapse
c. Occurs only if nodes of Raniver are lacking
d. Is slower than conduction on an unmyelinated axon
e. Occurs only if the myelin sheath is continuous
13. The resting membrane potential in a typical nerve cell is approximately
a. +35 mV
b. -35 mV
c. 0 mV
d. -70 mV
e. +70 mV
14. The term secretion refers to
a. process by which cell release a substance into the outside
, b. storage of a mineral, until it is time for it to leave the cell
c. synthesis of protein for export from the cell
d. the manufacture and assembly of a material
e. none of the answers describe secretion
15. Facilitated diffusion and active transport differ in that
a. Facilitated diffusion moves water across the cell membrane, whereas active transport does not.
b. Potential energy is required for active transport but not for facilitated diffusion
c. Facilitated diffusion uses a substrate to bind to a protein carrier, where as active transport doesn’t
d. Facilitated diffusion uses cell membrane proteins to move substances, whereas active transport does not
e. ATP is necessary for active transport, but not for facilitated diffusion.
16. Water is a polar molecule, yet it easily moves through the nonpolar portions of cell membranes. Which transport process is
responsible?
a. Facilitated diffusion
b. Antiport
c. Uniport
d. Symport
e. Simple diffusion
17. The inside of a resting cell is slightly negative relative to the outside. This is an example of
a. Chemical disequilibrium
b. Electrical disequilibrium
c. Osmotic equilibrium
d. Failed homeostasis
18. The general term that describes energy stored in chemical bonds is
a. Kinetic energy
b. Entropy
c. Potential energy
d. Thermodynamics
e. Bioenergetics
19. Pinocytosis and phagocytosis are types of
a. Exocytosis
b. Endocytosis and exocytosis
c. Phagocytosis
d. Exocytosis and phagocytosis
e. Endocytosis
20. Which of the following statements about the resting membrane potential is TRUE?
a. It is normally equal to zero volts
b. It results, in part, from the concentration gradients for Na+ and K+.
c. It is due in part to the presence of extracellular proteins
d. The inside of the membrane is positively charged compared to the outside
21. Which of the following is NOT involved in creating the resting potential of a neuron?
a. Resting membrane permeability for sodium ions greater than potassium ions
b. Diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell
c. Diffusion of sodium ions into the cell
d. Resting membrane permeability for potassium ions greater than sodium ions
22. Chemical reactions in a living system function to
a. Only transfer energy from one molecule to another
b. create new energy
c. only use energy stored in a molecule
d. transfer energy from one molecule to another or use energy stored in a molecule
23. The ion that plays a key role in initiating electrical signals in neurons is
a. Cl-
b. K+
c. Na+
d. Ca2+
24. The sodium-potassium exchange pump:
a. Transports sodium ions into the cell during depolarization
b. Moves sodium and potassium in the direction of their chemical gradients
c. Must re-establish ion concentrations after each action potential
d. Requires ATP to function
e. Transports potassium ions out of the cell during repolarization
25. Bipolar neurons are commonly
a. found in the retina of the eye
b. found in the ganglia
c. motor neurons
d. called neuroglial cells
26. Cell membranes are said to be
