Test Bank For Foundations And Adult Health Nursing, 8th Edition, Kim Cooper, Kelly Gosnell

Chapter 01: Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology
Cooper: Adult Health Nursing, 8th Edition


MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The anatomic term ____ means toward the midline.
a. anterior
b. posterior
c. medial
d. cranial
ANS: C
The term medial indicates an anatomic direction toward the midline.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 1 OBJ: 2
TOP: Anatomic terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

2. What are the smallest living components in our body?
a. Cells
b. Organs
c. Electrons
d. Osmosis
ANS: A
Cells are considered to be the smallest living units of structure and function in our body.
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DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 6
TOP: Structural levels of organization KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

3. What is the largest organelle, responsible for cell reproduction and control of other
organelles?
a. Nucleus
b. Ribosome
c. Mitochondrion
d. Golgi apparatus
ANS: A
The nucleus is the largest organelle within the cell.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 5 OBJ: 8
TOP: Parts of the cell KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

4. When the patient complains of pain in the bladder, the patient will indicate discomfort in
which body cavity?
a. Pelvic
b. Mediastinum
c. Dorsal
d. Abdominal

, ANS: A
A subdivision called the pelvic cavity contains the lower portion of the large intestine (lower
sigmoid colon, rectum), urinary bladder, and internal structures of the reproductive system.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 5
TOP: Body cavity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

5. The four phases of cell division all occur in:
a. diffusion.
b. mitosis.
c. osmosis.
d. filtration.
ANS: B
During mitosis, the cell goes through four phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and
telophase.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: 9
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

6. Telophase is which phase of cell reproduction during mitosis?
a. First phase
b. Latent phase
c. Final phase
d. Spindle phase
ANS: C
During this final phase of cell division, the two nuclei appear and the chromosomes disperse.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 7 OBJ: 9
TOP: Cell division KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

7. The nurse is aware that which muscle group is both striated and involuntary?
a. Skeletal
b. Glial
c. Cardiac
d. Visceral
ANS: C
The cardiac muscle is both striated and involuntary.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 9 OBJ: 11
TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

8. What is a group of several different kinds of tissues arranged so that together they can
perform a more complex function than any tissue alone?
a. Organ
b. System

, c. Cell
d. Endoplasmic reticulum
ANS: A
When several kinds of tissues are united to perform a more complex function than any tissue
alone, they are called organs.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 11 OBJ: 7
TOP: Organs KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

9. What traits describe visceral muscles?
a. Smooth and voluntary
b. Smooth and involuntary
c. Striated and voluntary
d. Striated and involuntary
ANS: B
Visceral (smooth) muscles will not function at will; thus, they act involuntarily.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 9 OBJ: 7
TOP: Tissues KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

10. How are the thoracic and abdominal cavities separated?
a. By the pleura
b. By the diaphragm
c. By the sagittal plane
d. By the peritoneum
ANS: B
The diaphragm (a muscle directly beneath the lungs) separates the ventral cavity into the
thoracic (chest) and abdominal cavities.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 2 OBJ: 3
TOP: Ventral cavity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

11. What is the broad section of biology dealing with the description of human structure?
a. Hematology
b. Anatomy
c. Kinesiology
d. Physiology
ANS: B
Anatomy is the study, classification, and description of the structure and organs of the body.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

12. ____ explains the processes and functions of many structures of the body and how they
interact with one another.

, a. Anatomy
b. Mitosis
c. Filtration
d. Physiology
ANS: D
Physiology explains the processes and functions of the various structures and how they
interrelate with one another.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 1 OBJ: 1
TOP: Terminology KEY: Nursing Process Step: N/A
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

13. The anatomic structure that is not in the thoracic cavity is/are the _____.
a. heart
b. lungs
c. blood vessels
d. transverse colon
ANS: D
The transverse colon is located in the abdominal cavity.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 3 OBJ: 5
TOP: Thoracic cavity KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

14. When several organs and parts are grouped together for certain functions, they form:
a. tissues.
b. systems.
c. cells.
d. membranes.
ANS: B
A system is an organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs arranged so that together
they can perform complex functions for the body.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: 4 OBJ: 7
TOP: Systems KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity

15. What are the distinct surface proteins of the plasma membrane essential in determining?
a. Tissue typing
b. Blood count
c. Effectiveness of a drug
d. Sexual maturity
ANS: A
The plasma membrane has distinct surface proteins as coming from one individual. This is the
basis for the procedure of tissue typing to determine compatibility before an organ transplant.

DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: 5 OBJ: 12
TOP: Cells KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity