Exam (elaborations) NUR 511 POSSIBLE QUESTIONS ON FINAL EXAM (100% ACCURATE)

Exam (elaborations) NUR 511 POSSIBLE QUESTIONS ON FINAL EXAM (100% ACCURATE) 2. Which blood test is a nonspecific method and most helpful for evaluating the severity and course of an inflammatory process? C -REACTIVE PROTIEN ( CRP) 3. Cocaine acts as a stimulant by blocking the reuptake of which neurotransmitter? DOPAMINE 4. Mrs. Thomas was seen in the office complaining of pain and point tenderness in the area of her elbow. The pain has increased following a day of gardening one week ago. A physical finding that differentiates the diagnosis and is most consistent with lateral epicondylitis (tennis elbow) is: PAIN AT THE ELBOW WITH RESISTED MOVEMENTS AT THE WRIST AND FOREARM 5. Which of the following statements concerning the musculoskeletal examination is true? THE UNINVOLVED SIDE SHOULD BE EXAMINED INITIALLY AND THEN COMPARE TO THE INVOLVED SIDE. 6. Which of the following signs or symptoms indicate an inflammatory etiology to musculoskeletal pain? MORNING STIFFNESS 7. Which causes the greatest percentage of mammalian bites? DOGS 8. A 48-year-old woman is seen in the clinic with complaints of prolonged heavy menstrual periods. She is pale and states she can no longer exercise. Pelvic exam reveals a single, very large mass. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the clinician order first? TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND 9. A diabetic patient asks the clinician why he needs to check his blood sugar at home even when he feels good. Which of the following responses would be most appropriate? ALL OF THE ABOVE ( CONTROL OF GLUCOSE, REGULARYLY CHECK BLOOD SUGAR AND MONITORING GLUCOSE) 10. A 25- year old patient presents to the clinic with fatigue, cold intolerance, weight gain, and constipation for the past 3 months on physical examination , the clinician notices sinus bradycardia; muscular spiffiness; course , dry hair; and delay in relaxation in deep tendon reflexes. Which of the follow test should be ordered next? TSH 11. Which of the following medications for type 2 diabetes mellitus should not be prescribed during pregnancy? GLUCOTROL 12. During a DRE on a 75-year-old man, the clinician suspects the patient has prostate cancer. What physical finding should make the clinician suspicious? ENLARGED RUBBERY GLAND 13. Eddie, age 4, presents to the ED with a live insect trapped in his ear canal causing a lot of distress. What should be your first step? IMMOBILIZE THE INSECT WITH 2% LIDOCAINE 14. What is the most common cause of microcytic anemia? IRON DEFICIENCY ANEMIA 15. An 82-year-old man is seen in the primary care office with complaints of dribbling urine and difficulty starting his stream. Which of the following should be included in the list of differential diagnoses? ALL OF THE ABOVE ( PBH, PARKINSON’S AND PROSTATE CANCER) 16. Early rheumatoid disease is characterized by: JOINT SWELLING AND IMMOBILITY ON RISING 17. A 70-year-old female has fallen 2 weeks ago and developed immediate pain in her lef wrist. She thought she just bruised it but is worried because it has not improved. She has used Tylenol and ice at home, and that has helped slightly. You examine her and find she has NUR 511 POSSIBLE QUESTIONS ON FINAL EXAM (100% ACCURATE) 2 moderate swelling and ecchymosis but no overtly obvious deformity. Her ROM is uncomfortable and severely diminished due to the pain. No crepitus is heard or felt. Her fingers are warm; her pulse is strong; and capillary refill is less than 2 seconds. What should you do? OBTAIN A WRIST X-RAY AND PLACE HER WRIST IN A SPLINT OR PRESCRIBE A SPINT 18. The criteria for diagnosing generalized anxiety disorder in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (text revision) state that excessive worry or apprehension must be present more days than not for at least: 6 MONTHS 19. A 60-year-old man presents with an enlarged scrotum. The clinician uses a penlight to transilluminate the scrotum. In a patient with a hydrocele, what would the clinician expect to find? THE SCROTUM WILL APPEAR LIGHT PINK OR YELLOW 20. According to Kübler-Ross, the stages of grief occur in which order? DENIAL, ANGER, BARGAINING, DEPRESSION, ACCEPTANCE 21. Reuben, age 24, has HIV and just had a routine viral load test done. The results show a falling viral load. What does this indicate? A FAVORABLE PROGNOSTIC TREND 22. The exanthem of Lyme disease is ERTHEMA MIGRANS 23. You have detected the presence of crepitus on examination of a patient with a musculoskeletal complaint. Additionally, there is limited range of motion (ROM) with both active and passive movement. These findings suggest that the origin of the musculoskeletal complaint is: ARTICULAR 24. What is the recommended daily calcium intake for adults over the age of 50 with low bone mass?1,500 MG/DAY 25. When assessing a woman for infertility, which of the following tests should be done first? ANALYSIS OF PARTNER’S SPERM 26. Which type of burn injury results in destruction of the epidermis with most of the dermis, yet the epidermal cells lining hair follicles and sweat glands remain intact? DEEP PARTIAL THICKNESS BURNS 27. A 23-year-old sexually active woman presents for her first Pap smear. Her history includes nulligravida, age at first intercourse 14, and more than 10 sexual partners. Which of the following conditions should the clinician be particularly alert for during her examination? HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS (HPV) 28. As a rule of thumb, the estimated level of hematocrit is how many times the value of the hemoglobin? THREE 29. Sam is a 25-year-old who has been diagnosed with low back strain based on his history of localized low back pain and muscle spasm along with a normal neurological examination. As the clinician, you explain to Sam that low back pain is a diagnosis of exclusion. Which of the following symptoms would alert the clinician to the more serious finding of a herniated nucleus pulposus or ruptured disc? UNILATERAL RADICULAR PAIN SYMPTOMS THAT EXTEND BELOW THE KNEE AND ARE EQUAL TO OR GREATER THAN THE BACK PAIN 3 30. A 30-year-old man is seen with a chief complaint of loss of libido. Which of the following laboratory tests would help establish a diagnosis? TESTOSTERONE LEVEL 31. The clinician prescribes glipizide (Glucotrol) for a diabetic patient. Which statement made by the patient would indicate that your teaching has been effective? “ I’LL TAKE MY PILL AT LEAST 30 MIN BEFORE BREAKFAST.” 32. In the United States, what is the second most common connective tissue disease and the most destructive to the joints? RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS 33. The effectiveness of benzodiazepines in treating anxiety disorders suggests that which of the following neurotransmitters plays a role in anxiety? GAMMA-AMINOBUTRIC ACID (GABA) 34. A 14-year-old male is seen with complaints of severe testicular pain. The clinician suspects testicular torsion. Which of the following is the appropriate action? REFER TO UROLOGIST IMMEDIATELY 35. Which of the following medications can cause hyperglycemia? PREDNISONE 36. During treatment for anaphylaxis, what site is used for the initial injection of epinephrine? UPPER LATERAL THIGH 37. It is important to educate patients with depression and their family members about reporting signs of increasing depression and suicidal thoughts. This is especially true during which time period? 1 TO 2 WEEKS AFTER THE INITIATION OF TREATMENT 38. What is the most common cause of secondary amenorrhea? PREGNANCY 39. Which of the following is the only drug for bulimia approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration? FLUOXETINE 40. The goals of the 15-minute hour approach include: PREVENT DIRE CONSEQUENCES, AND REESTABLISH PREMORBID LEVELS OF FUNCTIONING 41. John is a 16-year-old boy who presents to the emergency room afer hurting his knee in a football game. He described twisting his knee and then being unable to extend it completely. John tells the clinician that he heard a pop when the injury occurred and has been experiencing localized pain. The clinician suspects a meniscal tear. Which test would be most appropriate to assess for the presence of meniscal tear? MCMURRAY CIRCUMDUCTION TEST. 42. The cardinal subjective symptom of sickle cell crisis is which of the following? PAIN 43. A 25-year-old woman is seen in the clinic complaining of painful menstruation. Which of the following pelvic pathologies is the most common cause of dysmenorrhea? ENDOMETROSIS 44. Which arthropod bite can contain cytotoxic and hemolytic toxins that may destroy tissue? BROWN RECLUSE SPIDER 45. Janet is a 30-year old who has recently been diagnosed with a herniated disc at the level L5- S1. She is currently in the emergency room with suspension of cauda equina compression. Which of the following sign or symptom of cauda equina compression? PARESTHESIS OF THE PERINEUM AND BUTTOCKS 46. A 21-year-old woman is seen in the clinic requesting birth control pills. Which of the 4 following tests is essential before prescribing any oral contraceptive? PREGNANCY TEST 47. A patient with type 2 diabetes comes to the clinic afer reading about metformin in a magazine. Which of the following conditions that the patient also has would be a contraindication to taking metformin? ALL OF THE ABOVE ( KETOACIDOSIS, CIRRHOSIS, HYPOGLYCEMIC EPISODES) 48. The clinician has chosen to prescribe an SSRI instead of a tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) for a patient fitting the diagnostic criteria for depression. Which of the following is not true concerning SSRIs in comparison to tricyclic antidepressants? SSRI’S ARE THE MORE EFFECTIVE THAN TCAS 49. Which type of bone marrow transplant is obtained from an identical twin? SYNGENEIC 50. Pink, cherry red tissues and skin may result from which type of poisoning? CARBON MONOXIDE 51. Basic human needs are identified as: AUTONOMY AND FEELINGVALUED BY OTHERS 52. The clinician sees a patient who is 5 feet tall and weighs 150 pounds. How would the clinician classify this patient? MILD OBESITY 53. A 22- year old male is seen in the clinic because he found a hard lump in his testicular when performing testicular self-examination (TSE). Which of the following should be included in the list of differential diagnosis? ALL OF THE ABOVE ( TESTICULAR CANCER, INGUINAL HERNIA, VERICOCELE) 54. What is the treatment of choice for a patient diagnosed with testicular cancer? RADICAL ORCHIDECTOMY 55. Which method is used to remove heavy metals, such as lead, that are ingested as poisons? CHELATION 56. A 58-year-old woman presents with a breast mass. Which of the following responses by the clinician would be most appropriate? “ WE WILL ORDER A MAMMOGRAM AND ULTRASOUND TO HELP ESTABLISH A DIAGNOSIS.” 57. A 36-year-old woman is seen with complaints of vaginal Itching, burning, and discharge. On potassium hydroxide (KOH) wet mount of vaginal discharge, the clinician notices hyphae. Which of the following treatments would be appropriate? FLUCONAZOLE 58. The clinician has instructed Sam, a 25-year-old patient with low back strain, to use NSAIDs to manage his symptoms of pain and discomfort. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate when teaching Sam about the use of NSAIDs? “ YOU SHOULD START WITH THE LOWEST DOSE THAT IS EFFECTIVE IN MANAGING YOUR PAIN, BECAUSE LONGTERM USE OF NSAID, CAN RESULT IN GASTROINSTESTINAL (GI) DISORDERS SUCH AS ULCER AND HEMORRHAGE.” 59. A history of overuse or excessive force, as opposed to a fall, hyperextension, or the twisting of a joint, is more likely related to which musculoskeletal injury? A STRAIN 60. Which type of heat related illness involves a core body temperature of at least 104.9, acute mental status changes, absent seat, and tachypnea? HEAT STROKE 61. Which of the following may be used to evaluate a person's suicide risk? SAD PERSONAS 5 62. One of the initial steps in assessing patients with musculoskeletal complaints is to determine whether the complaint is articular or non-articular in origin. Which of the following is an example of an articular structure? SYNOVIOUM 63. Afer returning from visiting his grandchildren in England, George, age 59, complains of a flulike illness, including fever, chills, and myalgia. He reports having discovered a rash or red spot that grew in size on his right leg. What disease are you considering? LYME DISEASE 64. A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following electrocardiogram changes should the clinician expected as a manifestation of the disease? SINUS BRADYCARDIA 65. Which of the following tests is essential