Pathophysiology Chapter 32 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Pathophysiology Chapter 32 Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic
Systems




1. Which statement made by a student indicates the healthcare professional needs to

describe the pericardium again?

a. The pericardium is a double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart.

b. It is made up of connective tissue and a surface layer of squamous cells.

c. The pericardium protects the heart against infection and inflammation from the

lungs and pleural space.

d. It contains pain and mechanoreceptors that can elicit reflex changes in blood

pressure and heart rate.

2. Which cardiac chambers have the thinnest wall and why?

a. The right and left atria; they are low-pressure chambers that serve as storage units

and conduits for blood.

b. The right and left atria; they are not directly involved in the preload, contractility, or

afterload of the heart.

c. The left ventricle; the mean pressure of blood coming into this ventricle is from the

lung, which has a low pressure.

d. The right ventricle; it pumps blood into the pulmonary capillaries, which have a

lower pressure compared with the systemic circulation.

3. Which chamber of the heart endures the highest pressures?

a. Right atrium

b. Left atrium

c. Left ventricle