Pathophysiology Chapter 40 Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children
1. The functional kidney is associated with which embryonic organ?
a. Metanephros
b. Mesonephros
c. Pronephros
d. Endonephros
2. When does urine formation and excretion begin?
a. At birth
b. By 3 months’ gestation
c. By 6 months’ gestation
d. By 8 months’ gestation
3. Compared with an adult, an infant has a greater content of extracellular fluid, as
well as a greater rate of fluid exchange. What effect does this have on the fluid balance of a
child compared with that of an adult?
a. Edema development is less of a problem.
b. Overhydration is not difficult to manage.
c. Daily fluid requirements are greater.
d. The control of dehydration is more difficult.
4. What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is
located on the undersurface of the penis?
a. Hypospadias
b. Epispadias
c. Hyperspadias
d. Chordee
1. The functional kidney is associated with which embryonic organ?
a. Metanephros
b. Mesonephros
c. Pronephros
d. Endonephros
2. When does urine formation and excretion begin?
a. At birth
b. By 3 months’ gestation
c. By 6 months’ gestation
d. By 8 months’ gestation
3. Compared with an adult, an infant has a greater content of extracellular fluid, as
well as a greater rate of fluid exchange. What effect does this have on the fluid balance of a
child compared with that of an adult?
a. Edema development is less of a problem.
b. Overhydration is not difficult to manage.
c. Daily fluid requirements are greater.
d. The control of dehydration is more difficult.
4. What term is used to identify the condition that exists when the urethral meatus is
located on the undersurface of the penis?
a. Hypospadias
b. Epispadias
c. Hyperspadias
d. Chordee
