Mark Klimek NCLEX Review- Lecture/Yellow Book
Rule of the B's: If the ____ and the _____ are ______ in the same direction then it is meta_____ pH,
Bicarb, Both, Bolic
pH 7.30_______ HCO3 20_______ ↓= acidosis; ↓= metabolic
pH 7.58_______ HCO3 32_______ ↑= alkalosis; ↑= metabolic
pH 7.22_______ HCO3 30_______ ↓= acidosis; ↑= respiratory
You are providing care to a client with the following blood gas results: pH 7.32, CO2 49, HCO3 29, PO2
80, and SaO2 90%. Based on these results, the client is experiencing: ↓= acidosis; ↑= respiratory
MacKussmaul The only acid base to cause Kussmaul respirations is Metabolic ACidosis
As the _______ goes, so goes _______ except for _______ pH, my patient, Potassium
Up hyokalemia, alkalosis, HTN, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Seizures, Irritability, Spastic, Diarrhea,
Borborygme, hyperreflexia, etc
Down hyperkalemia, acidosis, htn, bradycardia, constipation, absent bowel sounds, flacid, bradypnea
Causes of acid-base imbalances: First ask yourself, "Is it _______?" If yes, then it's _______. Then ask
yourself: "Are they _______ or _______. If _______, pick _______. If _______, pick _______ lung,
respiratory, overventilating, underventilating, overventilating, alkalosis, underventilating, acidosis
Causes of acid-base imbalances: If it's not lung, then it's _______. If the patient has _______ _______
vomiting or suction, pick _______. For everything else that isn't lung, pick _______ _______. When you
don't know what to pick, choose _______ _______ metabolic, prolonged gastric, alkalosis,
metabolic acidosis, metabolic acidosis
High pressure alarms are triggered by _______ resistance to air flow. increased
High pressure alarms are triggered by increased resistance to airflow and can be caused by obstructions
of three types: _______ action, _______ action, _______ action (kinked tube) unkink, (water in tube)
empty, (mucus in airway) cough and deep breathe
Low pressure alarms are triggered by _______ resistance to airflow. decreased
Low pressure alarms are triggered by decreased resistance to airflow and can be caused by
disconnections of the _______ or _______ tubing (reconnect it), oxygen sensor tube (reconnect it
UNLESS tube is on the floor- bag them and call RT if this happens)
Respiratory alkalosis means ventilator settings may be too _______ high
Respiratory acidosis means ventilator settings may be too _______ low
What does "wean" mean? gradually decrease with the goal of getting off altogether
What is Maslow's highest priority to lowest priority? 1. Physiological
2. Safety
3. Comfort
, Mark Klimek NCLEX Review- Lecture/Yellow Book
4. Psychological (problems within the person)
5. Social (problems with other people)
6. Spiritual
Arrange from highest to lowest priority using Maslow's:
Denial
Spiritual Distress
Pain in Elbow
Fall Risk
Pathological Family Dynamics
Electrolyte Imbalance Electrolyte Imbalance (Physiological)
Fall Risk (Safety)
Pain in Elbow (Comfort)
Denial (Psychological)
Pathological Family Dynamics (Social)
Spiritual Distress (Spiritual)
What are the 5 stages of grief? Denial
Anger
Bargain
Depression
Acceptance
The #1 problem in abuse is _______ denial
Denial is the _______ to accept the _______ of their problem refusal, reality
Treating denial: _______ it by pointing out to the person the difference between what they _______
and what they _______. In contrast, _______ the denial of loss and griefconfront, say, do, support
Dependency: When the _______ gets the Significant Other to do things for them or make decisions for
them abuser
Codependency: When the _______ _______ derives positive _______ from doing things for or making
decisions for the _______ Significant Other, self-esteem, abuser
When treating dependency/codependency: Set _______ and _______ them. Agree in advance on what
requests are allowed, then enforce the agreement limits, enforce
Rule of the B's: If the ____ and the _____ are ______ in the same direction then it is meta_____ pH,
Bicarb, Both, Bolic
pH 7.30_______ HCO3 20_______ ↓= acidosis; ↓= metabolic
pH 7.58_______ HCO3 32_______ ↑= alkalosis; ↑= metabolic
pH 7.22_______ HCO3 30_______ ↓= acidosis; ↑= respiratory
You are providing care to a client with the following blood gas results: pH 7.32, CO2 49, HCO3 29, PO2
80, and SaO2 90%. Based on these results, the client is experiencing: ↓= acidosis; ↑= respiratory
MacKussmaul The only acid base to cause Kussmaul respirations is Metabolic ACidosis
As the _______ goes, so goes _______ except for _______ pH, my patient, Potassium
Up hyokalemia, alkalosis, HTN, Tachycardia, Tachypnea, Seizures, Irritability, Spastic, Diarrhea,
Borborygme, hyperreflexia, etc
Down hyperkalemia, acidosis, htn, bradycardia, constipation, absent bowel sounds, flacid, bradypnea
Causes of acid-base imbalances: First ask yourself, "Is it _______?" If yes, then it's _______. Then ask
yourself: "Are they _______ or _______. If _______, pick _______. If _______, pick _______ lung,
respiratory, overventilating, underventilating, overventilating, alkalosis, underventilating, acidosis
Causes of acid-base imbalances: If it's not lung, then it's _______. If the patient has _______ _______
vomiting or suction, pick _______. For everything else that isn't lung, pick _______ _______. When you
don't know what to pick, choose _______ _______ metabolic, prolonged gastric, alkalosis,
metabolic acidosis, metabolic acidosis
High pressure alarms are triggered by _______ resistance to air flow. increased
High pressure alarms are triggered by increased resistance to airflow and can be caused by obstructions
of three types: _______ action, _______ action, _______ action (kinked tube) unkink, (water in tube)
empty, (mucus in airway) cough and deep breathe
Low pressure alarms are triggered by _______ resistance to airflow. decreased
Low pressure alarms are triggered by decreased resistance to airflow and can be caused by
disconnections of the _______ or _______ tubing (reconnect it), oxygen sensor tube (reconnect it
UNLESS tube is on the floor- bag them and call RT if this happens)
Respiratory alkalosis means ventilator settings may be too _______ high
Respiratory acidosis means ventilator settings may be too _______ low
What does "wean" mean? gradually decrease with the goal of getting off altogether
What is Maslow's highest priority to lowest priority? 1. Physiological
2. Safety
3. Comfort
, Mark Klimek NCLEX Review- Lecture/Yellow Book
4. Psychological (problems within the person)
5. Social (problems with other people)
6. Spiritual
Arrange from highest to lowest priority using Maslow's:
Denial
Spiritual Distress
Pain in Elbow
Fall Risk
Pathological Family Dynamics
Electrolyte Imbalance Electrolyte Imbalance (Physiological)
Fall Risk (Safety)
Pain in Elbow (Comfort)
Denial (Psychological)
Pathological Family Dynamics (Social)
Spiritual Distress (Spiritual)
What are the 5 stages of grief? Denial
Anger
Bargain
Depression
Acceptance
The #1 problem in abuse is _______ denial
Denial is the _______ to accept the _______ of their problem refusal, reality
Treating denial: _______ it by pointing out to the person the difference between what they _______
and what they _______. In contrast, _______ the denial of loss and griefconfront, say, do, support
Dependency: When the _______ gets the Significant Other to do things for them or make decisions for
them abuser
Codependency: When the _______ _______ derives positive _______ from doing things for or making
decisions for the _______ Significant Other, self-esteem, abuser
When treating dependency/codependency: Set _______ and _______ them. Agree in advance on what
requests are allowed, then enforce the agreement limits, enforce
