Physical Assessment Module 4 Quiz Study Guide

Understand the assessment of lesions. What are you looking for specifically when assessing lesions? o Color, elevation, pattern or shape, size, location and distribution on body, any exudate: note color and odor, and use a woods light to detect fluorescing lesions. 2. Recognize the signs and symptoms of eczema o Dry, cracked, and itchy 3. Understand the stages of edema (1+ to 4+) o Edema is an accumulation of fluid under the skin often seen in the lower extremities. There is pitting and non-pitting edema. Pitting edema is often due to fluid and is indicated by indentations when pressure is applied to the skin. Depending on the degree of fluid, the indentation may be shallow or deep and last just a split second or a minute or more. Pitting edema is graded 1+ to 4 4. Review the differences between Scoliosis, Lordosis, and Kyphosis o scoliosis refers to curvatures of the spine. Lordosis refers to the normal inward curvatures of the spine at the cervical and lumbar regions, while kyphosis refers to the normal outward curvature of the spine specifically at the thoracic region 5. Learn how to assess the resistance and range of motion when assessing extremities. Understand the scale used to assess these findings o Range of motion (ROM) is the measurement of the amount of movement around a specific joint or body part. This study source was downloaded by from CourseH on :17:01 GMT -06:00 o Passive range of motion is used for two reasons. One reason for performing passive range of motion is if a person is unable to move independently, the joints need to be put through their movements to help prevent weak muscles and contractures. The second reason for performing passive range of motion is to assess the extent that a joint can be moved if the client is unable to do the motion independently. o Measure with goniometer (an instrument for the precise measurement of angles) 6. Review the differences between adduction, abduction, eversion, and circumduction o Abduction—Moving a limb away from the midline of the body o Adduction—Moving a limb toward the midline of the body o Eversion—Moving the sole of the foot outward at the ankle o Circumduction—Moving the arm in a circle around the shoulder 7. What are you assessing for when palpating the musculoskeletal system? o To assess function for ADLS and to screen for abnormalities 8. Review the picture of the types of lesions (8 questions) 9. Understand how to approach performing a functional assessment on an older adult