Chapter 07: The Patient with Cancer Linton: Medical-Surgical Nursing, 7th Edition ALL ANSWERS 100% CORRECT SOLVED LATEST SOLUTION ‘SPRIN FALL-2022’ GUARANTEED GRADE A+

Which statement best defines concepts to be included in a teaching plan for a patient with cancer? a. Cancer is a group of diseases. The cancer cells are different from the cells in the tissue of its origin in both the growth and spreading of abnormal cells. b. Cancer is the third leading cause of death in the United States. Many hospitals have the highest number of patients with this diagnosis. c. Americans who have a diagnosis of cancer die within 1 year or less. d. When a person is genetically predisposed to a type of cancer, nothing can be done to prevent its occurrence. ANS: A Information about the disease and disease process is helpful to allay anxiety, as well as to instruct about its pathophysiologic changes. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 102-104 OBJ: 3 TOP: Morbidity and Mortality of Cancer KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease 2. A nurse explains that the seven warning signs of cancer written by the American Cancer Society (ACS) can be recalled by the acronym CAUTION. What should the nurse change to point out that the A in the acr NonyRm rIepreGsenBts.?C M a. A sore that will not heal b. Alopecia c. Abscess d. Anorexia ANS: A U S N T OMedical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition Linton Test Bank U S N T O The acronym is a change in bowel or bladder habits, a sore that will not heal, unusual bleeding or discharge, a thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, and a nagging cough or hoarseness. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 106 OBJ: 4 TOP: Seven Danger Signs KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease 3. A home health nurse is compiling a patient profile on a 23-year-old obese woman who smokes one-half pack of cigarettes a day and drinks 1 beer a week. She works as a cook in a long-term care facility. She has two children and eats a diet high in fats. She exercises 30 minutes a day. Both parents are dead of heart disease. How many risk factors for cancer in this profile should the nurse identify? a. 2 b. 3 c. 5 d. 6 ANS: B Cancer risks identified are obesity, smoker, and high-fat diet. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 103|p. 106 OBJ: 4 TOP: Cancer Risks KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Health Promotion and Maintenance: Prevention and Early Detection of Disease 4. What phase is considered the latent period before the period of rapid growth of tumors? a. Initiation b. Promotion c. Progression d. Metastasis ANS: B The stage of promotion is the latest period in which a cell is quiet, just before the rapid growth and tumor production, which begins in the progression phase. DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 105 OBJ: 3 TOP: Transformation KEY: Nursing Process Step: Planning MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 5. Which is true about both malignant tumors and benign tumors? a. Both contain cells that closely resemble those in the tissue of origin. b. Both travel quickly to invade and destroy other tissues and organs. c. Both always grow and multiply very rapidly, competing for space and nutrients and causing severe pain. d. Both may press on nearbyNsuRrrouIndiGng tBCes, sMuch as nerves and blood vessels, causing pain. ANS: D Both benign and malignant tumors may create pressure on or obstruct an organ. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: pp. 103-104 OBJ: 2 TOP: Characteristics of Benign and Malignant Cells KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation 6. A patient newly diagnosed with cancer says, “I feel like I’ve lost my future. I feel so much harm has been done to me that I’m overwhelmed.” To what type of coping strategies shouldMedical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition Linton Test Bank the nurse recognize this attitude will most likely lead the patient? a. Avoidant b. Problem solving c. Approach oriented d. Confrontational ANS: A Persons who appraise their cancer diagnosis as harm or loss are more likely to use avoidant coping strategies. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 121 OBJ: 6 TOP: Coping Styles KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment MSC: NCLEX: Psychosocial Integrity: Coping and Adaptation 7. A patient has a cancer that has been TNM staged as T3 (1-4, size of primary tumor), N2 (0-3, degree of spread to regional lymph nodes), and M1 (0-1, presence of metastasis). He has an as needed order of 4 mg of morphine intramuscularly every 4 hours. He requests another pain injection approximately 3.5 hours after the last one. What is the most appropriate nursing action? a. Inform the patient that this narcotic may be given only every 4 hours to prevent addiction. b. Ignore the call bell for 20 minutes and then take at least 10 minutes to prepare and administer the injection. c. Give the morphine and evaluate the results of pain relief. Arrange for the physician to evaluate for breakthrough pain. d. Ask the family to assist in helping the patient accept waiting longer to receive an addicting medication such as morphine. ANS: C Terminal care does not include concerns about morphine addiction. Medication may be given slightly before the allotted time. The occurrence of breakthrough pain is a real concern for this patient. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: p. 127 OBJ: 7 TOP: Nursing Care of the Terminal Patient in Pain KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and Comfort 8. A patient is scheduled for a chemotherapy treatment in approximately 30 minutes. Breakfast trays have arrived and are beNinUgRseSrvIedNoGnTthBe.uCniOt.MWhat is the nurse’s best intervention? a. Encourage the patient to eat all his breakfast to keep up his strength to fight the cancer. Remind the patient that breakfast is about one third of his daily intake. b. Listen attentively to any concerns that the patient expresses regarding the treatment. Offer to hold his tray until after the treatment. c. Offer to call the family to come and be present after the treatment. Encourage the patient to drink at least all of the orange juice and coffee. d. Suggest that the patient request a dose of strong analgesic instead of eating because this treatment is very painful. ANS: B Chemotherapy causes nausea and vomiting. Holding the tray until later provides for better intake and for holding the food in the stomach for digestion. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: pp. 113-114 OBJ: 6 TOP: Care of the Patient Undergoing Chemotherapy Treatment KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Basic Care and ComfortMedical-Surgical Nursing 7th Edition Linton Test Bank U S N T O 9. A nurse explains that drugs such as cannabinoids or Benadryl are frequently ordered for patients with cancer who are taking chemotherapy. What do these types of drugs accomplish? a. Promote amnesia to dampen the fear. b. Maintain fluid retention to prevent dehydration. c. Control nausea, vomiting, and taste disorders caused by the therapy. d. Control bouts of diarrhea or uncomfortable constipation. ANS: C Cannabinoids and antihistimines such as Benadryl are useful to help control nausea. DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 124 OBJ: 6 TOP: Drugs Commonly Ordered for Patients with Cancer KEY: Nursing Process Step: Implementation MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological Therapies 10. While bathing a patient with cancer, a nurse assessed several large new bruises on the patient’s upper arms and thighs. What is the best understanding of the possible causes and the correct nurse’s actions for these findings? a. The patient must have fallen last night walking to the bathroom. Teach the patient to use the call bell when assistance is needed. b. The patient may have disseminated intravascular coagulation. The size, shape, location, color, and tenderness must be reported and recorded fully. c. An intravascular fluid overload is occurring because of the chemotherapy. Place the patient on strict input/output (I/O) status and limit fluids. d. The patient must have had a drug-induced seizure, which caused arm and leg thrashing and the bruises. Report and record the findings, and pad the side rails. ANS: B These signs of hemorrhage may indicate the oncologic emergency of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Serious signs need to be reported in a timely manner and fully described. DIF: Cognitive Level: ComprNehenRsionI| CGognBCLevMel: Application REF: p. 128 OBJ: 6 TOP: Oncologic Emergencies KEY: Nursing Process Step: Assessment| Nursing Process Step: Imp