ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:answer - providing
antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
answer - Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:answer - can cause
"red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:answer - narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:answer - thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:answer - higher
dose needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:answer - Type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol?
answer - Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic
blockers:answer - are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?answer - One hour
before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess?answer - A client who is allergic to penicillin
can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?answer -
Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction?answer - Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:answer - decrease
tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
,ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults?answer - "There is an increased risk for adverse
effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action?answer - Rinse the mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give?answer - "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:answer - facilitate
mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs?answer - Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition?
answer - Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client?answer - Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication?answer - Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect?answer -
Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)?answer - Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness?answer - Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?answer - Give the drug and
document the heart rate.
,ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change?
answer - Slowed impulse conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:answer -
dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer?answer -
Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse?answer -
"Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk
of:answer - diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed
to:answer - take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function?answer -
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication?answer - Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response?answer - "Using a salt substitute
with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question?answer - Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve
pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn
(NPH) insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should
have:answer - a mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone?answer - It decreases the
amount of levodopa needed.
, ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)?answer - Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha-
blocker, such as doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension?answer - Teach the client how to
manage orthostatic hypotension.
A client reports taking large amounts of vitamins because she believes they increase
her energy level and will prevent various diseases. Client teaching should include which
nursing response?answer - "Large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic."
An elderly client is prescribed a new drug. Because of the age-related changes in the
kidneys and liver, it is most important that the nurse assess for:answer - signs of drug
toxicity.
Evidence of effective treatment with a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI),
such as zidovudine is:answer - decreased HIV RNA level.
When oral iron supplements are prescribed, client teaching should include the fact
that:answer - diarrhea or constipation may occur.
If corticosteroids are discontinued abruptly, a problem that may develop is:answer -
adrenal gland shut-down.
An antiulcer drug that forms a gel to coat and protect the ulcer so that healing can occur
is:answer - sucralfate (Carafate).
The nurse would describe a penicillinase to a client receiving this medication as:answer
- a bacterial enzyme that can inactivate many penicillins.
Drugs given for a systemic effect by any route must be capable of:answer - distribution
throughout the body.
Which statement is made by a client who is experiencing an adverse reaction to
levothyroxine (Synthroid)?answer - "I feel like my heart is pounding."
Clients receiving intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin) should be assessed closely
for:answer - hearing loss.
The best laxative for clients who have chronic constipation and cannot or will not
consume adequate dietary fiber is a:answer - saline cathartic.
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by:answer - providing
antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
answer - Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same time.
Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it:answer - can cause
"red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is:answer - narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is:answer - thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect:answer - higher
dose needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with:answer - Type 2 diabetes
mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol?
answer - Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic
blockers:answer - are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug?answer - One hour
before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess?answer - A client who is allergic to penicillin
can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children?answer -
Tetracyclines
In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction?answer - Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both:answer - decrease
tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
,ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults?answer - "There is an increased risk for adverse
effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action?answer - Rinse the mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give?answer - "Take two pills today then continue on a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to:answer - facilitate
mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs?answer - Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition?
answer - Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client?answer - Assess for incoordination and daytime drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication?answer - Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect?answer -
Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)?answer - Sexual dysfunction
After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness?answer - Client states that cough has been relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action?answer - Give the drug and
document the heart rate.
,ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change?
answer - Slowed impulse conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to:answer -
dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer?answer -
Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse?answer -
"Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk
of:answer - diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed
to:answer - take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function?answer -
Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication?answer - Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response?answer - "Using a salt substitute
with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question?answer - Atropine combined with opioid analgesics to relieve
pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
A client with Type I diabetes mellitus is given an injection of neutral protamine hagedorn
(NPH) insulin at 7:00 a.m. In order to prevent a hypoglycemic reaction, the client should
have:answer - a mid-afternoon snack.
Why is carbidopa-levodopa preferred over levodopa alone?answer - It decreases the
amount of levodopa needed.
, ati pharm proctored exam, ATI
Pharmacology Proctor 2019
Which findings are most likely in the client who has taken a toxic dose of a salicylate
(aspirin)?answer - Tinnitus and dizziness
Which nursing intervention is specifically important when a client is taking an alpha-
blocker, such as doxazosin (Cardura) for hypertension?answer - Teach the client how to
manage orthostatic hypotension.
A client reports taking large amounts of vitamins because she believes they increase
her energy level and will prevent various diseases. Client teaching should include which
nursing response?answer - "Large amounts of fat-soluble vitamins can be toxic."
An elderly client is prescribed a new drug. Because of the age-related changes in the
kidneys and liver, it is most important that the nurse assess for:answer - signs of drug
toxicity.
Evidence of effective treatment with a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI),
such as zidovudine is:answer - decreased HIV RNA level.
When oral iron supplements are prescribed, client teaching should include the fact
that:answer - diarrhea or constipation may occur.
If corticosteroids are discontinued abruptly, a problem that may develop is:answer -
adrenal gland shut-down.
An antiulcer drug that forms a gel to coat and protect the ulcer so that healing can occur
is:answer - sucralfate (Carafate).
The nurse would describe a penicillinase to a client receiving this medication as:answer
- a bacterial enzyme that can inactivate many penicillins.
Drugs given for a systemic effect by any route must be capable of:answer - distribution
throughout the body.
Which statement is made by a client who is experiencing an adverse reaction to
levothyroxine (Synthroid)?answer - "I feel like my heart is pounding."
Clients receiving intravenous gentamicin (Garamycin) should be assessed closely
for:answer - hearing loss.
The best laxative for clients who have chronic constipation and cannot or will not
consume adequate dietary fiber is a:answer - saline cathartic.
