Ped 2 Sabina Vasquez with explanations
During assessment, The pediatric pt. reports good control of asthma symptoms w/ no
interferences in daily activities and one incidence of nighttime coughing in the past month. The
pt. uses a rescue inhaler occasionally during the week of asthma exacerbations. The pt. would be
classified as having which of the following levels of asthma severity?
a) Mild persistent
b) Severe persistent
c) Mild intermittent
d) Moderate persistent - c) Mild intermittent
Asthma severity is classified based on the following: type, frequency, and timing of symptoms
reported; lung function; interferences w/ normal activities of daily living; and frequency of use of
short-acting beta-2-agonists for symptom control. Pt with mild intermittent asthma experience
daily symptoms 1-2 times a week and nighttime symptoms 1-2 times a month. Forced expiratory
volume is greater than or equal to 80% of predicted values. The pt experiences no interference w/
normal activity and uses short-acting beta-2-agonists 1-2 days a week.
A nurse is explaining the patho of asthma and asthma exacerbations to a group of nursing
students @ a workshop. Which of the following statements would be the most accurate for the
nurse to make? (SATA)
a) Chronic inflammation contributes to irreversible airway changes and decreased lung functions
b) Airway mucus secretion is inhibited, decreasing the risk of infection and airway plugging
c) The smooth muscles of the airway increase in responsiveness, causing bronchoconstriction
d) Frequent contact with triggers desensitizes the airways and improves overall lung function
e) Exposure to bacterial and viral infections increases airway responsiveness and inflammation -
a) Chronic inflammation contributes to irreversible airway changes and decreased lung functions
c) The smooth muscles of the airway increase in responsiveness, causing bronchoconstriction
e) Exposure to bacterial and viral infections increases airway responsiveness and inflammation
, The acute inflammatory process in asthma consist of acute bronchoconstriction, airway edema,
and increased mucus production. Chronic inflammation results from repeated exposure to
triggers, causing hypersensitive airways and permanent remodeling. Both processes result in
decreased pulmonary function and decreased ability to compensate when exposed to viral or
bacterial respiratory infections.
A pt. arrives at the ED in respiratory distress with a hx of asthma. Upon assessment, the nurse
notes the pt sits forward w/ intercostal retractions, has a productive cough, and wheezes upon
auscultation. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for the nurse to
implement?
a) Obtain a throat culture and admin an expectorant to help clear secretions
b) Encourage the pt to drink clear liquids to replace insensible fluid losses
c) Elevate HOB and allow pt to assume a position of comfort
d) Apply pulse oximeter and have pt lie down to conserve energy - c) Elevate HOB and allow pt
to assume a position of comfort
Priority is to consider ABCs. Elevating the HOB and assisting the pt into a position of comfort
will help to open the airway and aid in the work of breathing. A throat culture is not needed, as
the sx indicate a lower airway condition. Expectorants are contraindicated for asthma
exacerbations as further airway irritation and bronchoconstriction may occur. Pt in respiratory
distress should limit oral intake to reduce the risk of aspiration. Measuring the pt SaO2 and
having the pt lie down to conserve energy are not priority intervention @ this time for a pt in
respiratory distress. Having the pt lie down can cause further respiratory distress.
A nurse observes that a preschooler who is hospitalized appears stressed. Which of the following
is the most likely stressor for this child?
a) Disruption in autonomy
b) Separation anxiety
c) Loss of control
d) Fear of mutilation - d) Fear of mutilation
During assessment, The pediatric pt. reports good control of asthma symptoms w/ no
interferences in daily activities and one incidence of nighttime coughing in the past month. The
pt. uses a rescue inhaler occasionally during the week of asthma exacerbations. The pt. would be
classified as having which of the following levels of asthma severity?
a) Mild persistent
b) Severe persistent
c) Mild intermittent
d) Moderate persistent - c) Mild intermittent
Asthma severity is classified based on the following: type, frequency, and timing of symptoms
reported; lung function; interferences w/ normal activities of daily living; and frequency of use of
short-acting beta-2-agonists for symptom control. Pt with mild intermittent asthma experience
daily symptoms 1-2 times a week and nighttime symptoms 1-2 times a month. Forced expiratory
volume is greater than or equal to 80% of predicted values. The pt experiences no interference w/
normal activity and uses short-acting beta-2-agonists 1-2 days a week.
A nurse is explaining the patho of asthma and asthma exacerbations to a group of nursing
students @ a workshop. Which of the following statements would be the most accurate for the
nurse to make? (SATA)
a) Chronic inflammation contributes to irreversible airway changes and decreased lung functions
b) Airway mucus secretion is inhibited, decreasing the risk of infection and airway plugging
c) The smooth muscles of the airway increase in responsiveness, causing bronchoconstriction
d) Frequent contact with triggers desensitizes the airways and improves overall lung function
e) Exposure to bacterial and viral infections increases airway responsiveness and inflammation -
a) Chronic inflammation contributes to irreversible airway changes and decreased lung functions
c) The smooth muscles of the airway increase in responsiveness, causing bronchoconstriction
e) Exposure to bacterial and viral infections increases airway responsiveness and inflammation
, The acute inflammatory process in asthma consist of acute bronchoconstriction, airway edema,
and increased mucus production. Chronic inflammation results from repeated exposure to
triggers, causing hypersensitive airways and permanent remodeling. Both processes result in
decreased pulmonary function and decreased ability to compensate when exposed to viral or
bacterial respiratory infections.
A pt. arrives at the ED in respiratory distress with a hx of asthma. Upon assessment, the nurse
notes the pt sits forward w/ intercostal retractions, has a productive cough, and wheezes upon
auscultation. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for the nurse to
implement?
a) Obtain a throat culture and admin an expectorant to help clear secretions
b) Encourage the pt to drink clear liquids to replace insensible fluid losses
c) Elevate HOB and allow pt to assume a position of comfort
d) Apply pulse oximeter and have pt lie down to conserve energy - c) Elevate HOB and allow pt
to assume a position of comfort
Priority is to consider ABCs. Elevating the HOB and assisting the pt into a position of comfort
will help to open the airway and aid in the work of breathing. A throat culture is not needed, as
the sx indicate a lower airway condition. Expectorants are contraindicated for asthma
exacerbations as further airway irritation and bronchoconstriction may occur. Pt in respiratory
distress should limit oral intake to reduce the risk of aspiration. Measuring the pt SaO2 and
having the pt lie down to conserve energy are not priority intervention @ this time for a pt in
respiratory distress. Having the pt lie down can cause further respiratory distress.
A nurse observes that a preschooler who is hospitalized appears stressed. Which of the following
is the most likely stressor for this child?
a) Disruption in autonomy
b) Separation anxiety
c) Loss of control
d) Fear of mutilation - d) Fear of mutilation
