NR 222 Units 1 and 2 Concept Review
i i i i i i i
Guidelines:
1. This ilists imany iof ithe iimportant iconcepts icovered iin ithe ifirst itwo iunits iof ithe icourse.
2. Use ithis ito iguide iyour istudy iof ithese iconcepts ithat iare iimportant ito iboth iachievement
ion ithe itest iand iclinical ipractice
3. Remember ithat icontent iin iall ichapters iassigned ito ithese iunits iis iimportant.
Concepts:
● Theoretical iModels: iKnow ithe icomponents iof ieach imodel iand ibe iable ito iapply ito
iexamples
○ The iTranstheoretical imodel i(starts ion islide i69)
■ Stages iof iChange
● Precontemplation
○ Not iintending ito imake ichanges ifor iwithin ithe inext i6
imonths
○ Ex. ipatient iisn't iinterested iin iinfo iabout ithe ibehavior iand
imay ibe idefensive iwhen iconfronted iwith iit
● Contemplation
○ Considering ia ichange iwithin ithe inext i6 imonths
○ Ex. iAmbivalence imay ibe ipresent, ibut ipatients iwill imore
ilikely iaccept iinfo isince ithey iare ideveloping imore ibelief iin
ithe ivalue iof ichange
● Preparation
○ Making ismall ichanges iin ipreparation ifor ia ichange iin ithe
inext5 imonth
○ Ex. iPatient ibelieves ithat iadvantages ioutweigh
idisadvantages iof ibehavior ichange; ineeds iassistance iin
iplanning ifor ithe ichange.
● (Behavior) iaction
○ Actively iengaged iin istrategies ito ichange ibehavior; ilasts iup
ito i6 imonths
● Maintenance
○ Sustained ichanged iover itime; ibegins i6 imonths iafter iaction
ihas istarted iand icontinues iindefinitely
○ Ex. iChanges ineed ito ibe iintegrated iinto ithe ipatients
ilifestyle.
● Termination
■ Processes iof iChange
○ The iHealth iBelief imodel i(slide i59-64)
■ Demographic ivariables
● Age, igender, irace, iethnicity
, ■ Socio iPsychological ivariables
● Personality, isocial iclass, ipeer igroup ipressure, ireference igroup
ipressure
○ The iEcological iModel iof iHealth i(slides i71&72)
■ Promotes ihealth ibased ion ilevels iof iinfluence
● Individual
● Interpersonal
● Organizational
● Community
● Policy
● Foundation iFor iHealthy iPeople i2020
○ The iPender’s iHealth iPromotion imodel
■ Trajectory iof icompetence iin inursing ipractice
● Novice
● Advanced ibeginner
● Competent
● Proficient
● Expert
○ The iclinical imodel
■ Defined iby iabsence iof isigns ior isymptoms iof idisease ior iillnesses i;
iprevention inot iemphasized
○ The irole iperformance imodel
■ Defined iby iability ito ifulfill irole
● Critical iin iemployment, ischool, imental, ior iphysiological ichange
○ The iadaptive imodel
■ Defined iby iability ito iadjust ito isocial, imental, ior iphysiological ichange
○ The ieudaimonistic imodel
■ Meaning iis iachieved irelated ito imeeting iphysical, isocial, ipsychological,
iand ienvironmental igoals
○ Holistic ihealthcare imodel
■ All icomponents iof ian iindividual iare iconsidered
○ Social iLearning itheory i(self-efficacy): iinternal iand iexternal ilocus iof icontrol
■ Internal ilocus iof icontrol:
■ External ilocus iof icontrol:
○ Maslow’s iHierarchy iof iNeeds
■ Includes isocial, iintellectual, iemotional, ioccupational, iphysical, iand
ispiritual
● Physiological ineeds i(food, ishelter, iwater, isleep)
● Safety iand isecurity i(of ibody, iemployment, iresources, imorality,
ihealth, ifamily)
● Love iand isense iof ibelonging i(friendship, ifamily, isexual iintimacy)
● Self iesteem i(self-esteem, iconfidence, iachievement, irespect
ifrom/by iothers)
i i i i i i i
Guidelines:
1. This ilists imany iof ithe iimportant iconcepts icovered iin ithe ifirst itwo iunits iof ithe icourse.
2. Use ithis ito iguide iyour istudy iof ithese iconcepts ithat iare iimportant ito iboth iachievement
ion ithe itest iand iclinical ipractice
3. Remember ithat icontent iin iall ichapters iassigned ito ithese iunits iis iimportant.
Concepts:
● Theoretical iModels: iKnow ithe icomponents iof ieach imodel iand ibe iable ito iapply ito
iexamples
○ The iTranstheoretical imodel i(starts ion islide i69)
■ Stages iof iChange
● Precontemplation
○ Not iintending ito imake ichanges ifor iwithin ithe inext i6
imonths
○ Ex. ipatient iisn't iinterested iin iinfo iabout ithe ibehavior iand
imay ibe idefensive iwhen iconfronted iwith iit
● Contemplation
○ Considering ia ichange iwithin ithe inext i6 imonths
○ Ex. iAmbivalence imay ibe ipresent, ibut ipatients iwill imore
ilikely iaccept iinfo isince ithey iare ideveloping imore ibelief iin
ithe ivalue iof ichange
● Preparation
○ Making ismall ichanges iin ipreparation ifor ia ichange iin ithe
inext5 imonth
○ Ex. iPatient ibelieves ithat iadvantages ioutweigh
idisadvantages iof ibehavior ichange; ineeds iassistance iin
iplanning ifor ithe ichange.
● (Behavior) iaction
○ Actively iengaged iin istrategies ito ichange ibehavior; ilasts iup
ito i6 imonths
● Maintenance
○ Sustained ichanged iover itime; ibegins i6 imonths iafter iaction
ihas istarted iand icontinues iindefinitely
○ Ex. iChanges ineed ito ibe iintegrated iinto ithe ipatients
ilifestyle.
● Termination
■ Processes iof iChange
○ The iHealth iBelief imodel i(slide i59-64)
■ Demographic ivariables
● Age, igender, irace, iethnicity
, ■ Socio iPsychological ivariables
● Personality, isocial iclass, ipeer igroup ipressure, ireference igroup
ipressure
○ The iEcological iModel iof iHealth i(slides i71&72)
■ Promotes ihealth ibased ion ilevels iof iinfluence
● Individual
● Interpersonal
● Organizational
● Community
● Policy
● Foundation iFor iHealthy iPeople i2020
○ The iPender’s iHealth iPromotion imodel
■ Trajectory iof icompetence iin inursing ipractice
● Novice
● Advanced ibeginner
● Competent
● Proficient
● Expert
○ The iclinical imodel
■ Defined iby iabsence iof isigns ior isymptoms iof idisease ior iillnesses i;
iprevention inot iemphasized
○ The irole iperformance imodel
■ Defined iby iability ito ifulfill irole
● Critical iin iemployment, ischool, imental, ior iphysiological ichange
○ The iadaptive imodel
■ Defined iby iability ito iadjust ito isocial, imental, ior iphysiological ichange
○ The ieudaimonistic imodel
■ Meaning iis iachieved irelated ito imeeting iphysical, isocial, ipsychological,
iand ienvironmental igoals
○ Holistic ihealthcare imodel
■ All icomponents iof ian iindividual iare iconsidered
○ Social iLearning itheory i(self-efficacy): iinternal iand iexternal ilocus iof icontrol
■ Internal ilocus iof icontrol:
■ External ilocus iof icontrol:
○ Maslow’s iHierarchy iof iNeeds
■ Includes isocial, iintellectual, iemotional, ioccupational, iphysical, iand
ispiritual
● Physiological ineeds i(food, ishelter, iwater, isleep)
● Safety iand isecurity i(of ibody, iemployment, iresources, imorality,
ihealth, ifamily)
● Love iand isense iof ibelonging i(friendship, ifamily, isexual iintimacy)
● Self iesteem i(self-esteem, iconfidence, iachievement, irespect
ifrom/by iothers)
