1)Describe the Characteristics of Skeletal, Cardiac and Smooth
muscles. Identify the similarities between them and the
differences.
The main difference between cardiac skeletal and smooth muscle is that cardiac
muscles perform involuntary muscular movements of the heart, aiding the heart
to pump blood throughout the body, while skeletal muscles perform a voluntary
muscular movement of bones, aiding physical movements of the body such as
walking, running, and writing and smooth muscles perform an involuntary
muscular movement of internal organs, aiding functions of the body such as
digestion, urination, and breathing.
2)Describe the characteristics of muscles:
Contractibility: Is an essential property of all types of muscles. This feature
enables the heart to produce the power necessary for its pump function. At the
cellular level, muscle contraction is regulated through a process referred to as
excitation–contraction coupling (EC coupling).
Excitability: the ability of a muscle fiber to respond rapidly to a stimulating
agent. In a muscle fiber, the inducibility to contract. This is a function of the
chemical and electrical state of the sarcolemma and the time since a previous
stimulus was applied.
Elasticity: is the ability to recoil or bounce back to the muscle's
original length after being stretched.
Extensibility: he ability of a muscle to be stretched. For
instance, let us reconsider our elbow flexing motion we
discussed earlier. To be able to flex the elbow, the elbow
extensor muscles must extend to allow flexion to occur.
,3)Describe the layers of connective tissue surrounding skeletal
muscles:
Endomysium: is the connective tissue that covers each single muscle fiber or
myofiber or muscle cell.
Perimysium: is the connective tissue that surrounds each bundle of muscle
fibers.
Epimysium: the dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle
tissue. The epimysium usually contains many bundles (fascicles) of muscle fibers.
, 4)Understand the structure of a muscle contractile unit(
sarcomere, I band, A band, sarcolemma, actin, myosin etc…)
5)Identify the functions of the follow neurotransmitters:
Dopamine: Your body makes it, and your nervous system uses it to send
messages between nerve cells. That is why it is sometimes called a chemical
messenger. Dopamine plays a role in how we feel pleasure. It is a big part of our
unique human ability to think and plan.
muscles. Identify the similarities between them and the
differences.
The main difference between cardiac skeletal and smooth muscle is that cardiac
muscles perform involuntary muscular movements of the heart, aiding the heart
to pump blood throughout the body, while skeletal muscles perform a voluntary
muscular movement of bones, aiding physical movements of the body such as
walking, running, and writing and smooth muscles perform an involuntary
muscular movement of internal organs, aiding functions of the body such as
digestion, urination, and breathing.
2)Describe the characteristics of muscles:
Contractibility: Is an essential property of all types of muscles. This feature
enables the heart to produce the power necessary for its pump function. At the
cellular level, muscle contraction is regulated through a process referred to as
excitation–contraction coupling (EC coupling).
Excitability: the ability of a muscle fiber to respond rapidly to a stimulating
agent. In a muscle fiber, the inducibility to contract. This is a function of the
chemical and electrical state of the sarcolemma and the time since a previous
stimulus was applied.
Elasticity: is the ability to recoil or bounce back to the muscle's
original length after being stretched.
Extensibility: he ability of a muscle to be stretched. For
instance, let us reconsider our elbow flexing motion we
discussed earlier. To be able to flex the elbow, the elbow
extensor muscles must extend to allow flexion to occur.
,3)Describe the layers of connective tissue surrounding skeletal
muscles:
Endomysium: is the connective tissue that covers each single muscle fiber or
myofiber or muscle cell.
Perimysium: is the connective tissue that surrounds each bundle of muscle
fibers.
Epimysium: the dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle
tissue. The epimysium usually contains many bundles (fascicles) of muscle fibers.
, 4)Understand the structure of a muscle contractile unit(
sarcomere, I band, A band, sarcolemma, actin, myosin etc…)
5)Identify the functions of the follow neurotransmitters:
Dopamine: Your body makes it, and your nervous system uses it to send
messages between nerve cells. That is why it is sometimes called a chemical
messenger. Dopamine plays a role in how we feel pleasure. It is a big part of our
unique human ability to think and plan.
