Lipids
,– Classification of lipids -Simple lipids (fats, oils and waxes), compound
lipids (phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins and sulpholipids) and
derivedlipids.
– Biological roles of lipids - as food reserves (storage lipids), structural
lipids in membrane, as signals, as co-factors, as pigments, as insulators,
as vitamin carriers etc
– Prostaglandins - Chemical nature and functions.
– Fatty acids - definition; essential fattyacids
– Classification with examples- Saturated, unsaturated, hydroxyl and cyclic
fattyacids
– Nomenclature of fatty acids - Genevan system
, Lipids
• Storage Lipids
• Structural Lipids in Membranes
• Lipids as Signals, Cofactors, and Pigments
• Working with Lipids
Fig. 10-4a. Fat droplets in human
adipose tissue cells.
, Intro. to Lipids
Biological lipids are a chemically diverse group of compounds whose
common and defining feature is their insolubility in water. The
biological functions of lipids are as diverse as their chemistry.
Fats and oils are the principal stored forms of energy in many
organisms. Phospholipids and sterols are major structural
components of biological membranes. Other lipids play crucial roles
as enzyme cofactors, electron carriers, light-absorbing pigments,
hydrophobic anchors for proteins, chaperones that help membrane
proteins fold, emulsifying agents in the digestive tract, hormones,
and intracellular messengers.
The first group of lipids that will be presented are the storage
lipids. Storage lipids, e.g., triacylglycerols, make up the fats and
oils used by most organisms as stored forms of energy. These
compounds contain fatty acids. Fatty acids are hydrocarbon
derivatives and are highly reduced and have about the same
oxidation state as hydrocarbon fossil fuels. The burning
(oxidation) of fatty acids is highly exergonic.
,– Classification of lipids -Simple lipids (fats, oils and waxes), compound
lipids (phospholipids, glycolipids, lipoproteins and sulpholipids) and
derivedlipids.
– Biological roles of lipids - as food reserves (storage lipids), structural
lipids in membrane, as signals, as co-factors, as pigments, as insulators,
as vitamin carriers etc
– Prostaglandins - Chemical nature and functions.
– Fatty acids - definition; essential fattyacids
– Classification with examples- Saturated, unsaturated, hydroxyl and cyclic
fattyacids
– Nomenclature of fatty acids - Genevan system
, Lipids
• Storage Lipids
• Structural Lipids in Membranes
• Lipids as Signals, Cofactors, and Pigments
• Working with Lipids
Fig. 10-4a. Fat droplets in human
adipose tissue cells.
, Intro. to Lipids
Biological lipids are a chemically diverse group of compounds whose
common and defining feature is their insolubility in water. The
biological functions of lipids are as diverse as their chemistry.
Fats and oils are the principal stored forms of energy in many
organisms. Phospholipids and sterols are major structural
components of biological membranes. Other lipids play crucial roles
as enzyme cofactors, electron carriers, light-absorbing pigments,
hydrophobic anchors for proteins, chaperones that help membrane
proteins fold, emulsifying agents in the digestive tract, hormones,
and intracellular messengers.
The first group of lipids that will be presented are the storage
lipids. Storage lipids, e.g., triacylglycerols, make up the fats and
oils used by most organisms as stored forms of energy. These
compounds contain fatty acids. Fatty acids are hydrocarbon
derivatives and are highly reduced and have about the same
oxidation state as hydrocarbon fossil fuels. The burning
(oxidation) of fatty acids is highly exergonic.
