BIOD 171 EXAM
MODULE 2
True or False: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be defined as a controlled set of
biochemical reactions that occur in only motile organisms in order to maintain life.
False. Metabolism occurs in all living organisms, not just those that move.
2. True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy.
False. Enzyme catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions.
3. What is a cofactor? And give a general example.
A cofactorKey
Answer is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the catalysisreactions. A cofactor is
usually metal ions.
1. Define anabolism.
Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from smallmolecular units into
much larger complexes.
2. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be active?
Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids. Therefore the processdescribed
Exam Page 3
(proteins into amino acids) is the breakdown, or catabolism of protein.
Answer Key
1. Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP.
, ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept energy in the form ofa phosphate
group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP →ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built intoATP (ADP + Pi →ATP).
2. An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of light is called a ?
Phototrophic microorganism.
An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur would be classifiedas
a ?
Lithotroph
4. A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation process?
A. Photophosphorylation
B. Substrate-level phosphorylation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation
Exam Page 4
Answer Key
B. The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as the phosphorylatedreactive
1. The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct transitions?
intermediate.
The breakdown of glucose goes through (1) Glycolysis then (2) Fermentation or Respirationand finally
through (3) the electron transport chain (ETC).
2. What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose?
The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation (orrespiration) each yield
only 2 ATP.
3. Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation:
Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP
MODULE 2
True or False: As movement requires energy, metabolism can be defined as a controlled set of
biochemical reactions that occur in only motile organisms in order to maintain life.
False. Metabolism occurs in all living organisms, not just those that move.
2. True or False: Enzymes slow down chemical reactions to conserve energy.
False. Enzyme catalyze (speed up) chemical reactions.
3. What is a cofactor? And give a general example.
A cofactorKey
Answer is a small chemical component that assists an enzyme during the catalysisreactions. A cofactor is
usually metal ions.
1. Define anabolism.
Anabolism is the process of building up or biosynthesis of macromolecules from smallmolecular units into
much larger complexes.
2. In order to convert proteins into amino acids which metabolic process would be active?
Catabolism would be active as proteins are made up of amino acids. Therefore the processdescribed
Exam Page 3
(proteins into amino acids) is the breakdown, or catabolism of protein.
Answer Key
1. Describe the energy transfer process relative to both ATP and ADP.
, ATP has the energy (phosphate group) to donate while ADP can accept energy in the form ofa phosphate
group. Thus, ATP can be reduced (ATP →ADP + Pi) while ADP can be built intoATP (ADP + Pi →ATP).
2. An organism that derives its energy (generates ATP) from photons of light is called a ?
Phototrophic microorganism.
An organism that derives its energy by removing electrons from elemental sulfur would be classifiedas
a ?
Lithotroph
4. A reactive intermediate would be present in which phosphorylation process?
A. Photophosphorylation
B. Substrate-level phosphorylation
C. Oxidative phosphorylation
Exam Page 4
Answer Key
B. The chemical compound losing the phosphate group is referred to as the phosphorylatedreactive
1. The catabolism of a single molecule of glucose goes through what 3 distinct transitions?
intermediate.
The breakdown of glucose goes through (1) Glycolysis then (2) Fermentation or Respirationand finally
through (3) the electron transport chain (ETC).
2. What is the most energetic transition in the catabolism of glucose?
The electron transport chain yields 34 ATP while both glycolysis and fermentation (orrespiration) each yield
only 2 ATP.
3. Identify the reactants of the following chemical equation:
Glucose + 2NAD+ → 2 NADH + 2 Pyruvate + 2 ATP
