ICT2621 SUMMARY
• THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING AND SPECIFYING IN DETAIL WHAT THE
INFORMATION SYSTEM SHOULD ACCOMPLISH IS CALLED SYSTEMS.
o Design
o Initial study
o Analysis
o Administration
• WHAT NAME IS GIVEN TO A SYSTEM THAT IS PART OF A LARGER SYSTEM?
o Supersystem
o Information system
o Subsystem
o Minifunction
• AN AUTOMATION BOUNDARY IS BEST DESCRIBED AS THE SEPERATION BETWEEN THE
o System and its environment
o Automated part of a system and the manual part of a system
o Manual part of a system and its environment
o Automated part of a system and its environment
• CHANGES IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNOLOGY, AND BUSINESS PRACTICES
HAVE CREATED MANY NEW CAREER OPPORTUNITIES OF ANALYST, INCLUDING THREE
OF THE FOLLOWING. WHICH ONE IS NOT ONE OF THE THREE?
o Sales and support of ERP software
o Auditing, compliance and security
o Web development
o Hardware electronic assembly
• DURING WHICH PROCESS DO EXECUTIVES TRY TO ANSWER KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE
COMPANY?
o Business process reengineering
o Strategic planning
o Information systems strategic planning
o Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
• A DESCRIPTION OF THE HARDWARE, SOFTWARE AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS REQUIRED
TO IMPLEMENT PLANNED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS CALLED
o Information systems plan
o Applications architecture planning
o A technology architecture plan
o Enterprise technology planning
• WHAT IS THE LAST STEP OF THE ANALYST’S APPROACH TO PROBLEM SOLVING?
o Monitor to make sure that you obtain the desired results
o Decide which solution is best, and make a recommendation
o Verify that the benefits of solving the problem outweighs the costs
o Implement the solution
• THE TWO SYSTEMS THAT ARE EXTERNALLY ORIENTED, I E THEY FOCUS ON ENTITIES
OUTSIDE OF THE ORGANISATION ARE
o Collaboration support and knowledge management systems
o Manufacturing and supply chain management systems
o Accounting/financial and human resource management systems
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES IMPROVES THE PERFORMANCE OF
THE COMPANY? SELECT THE MOST APPROPRIATE OPTION:
o Business process reengineering
o Strategic planning
o Technology impact planning
o Enterprise resource planning
• THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF THE ANALYSIS PHASE IS TO
o Analyse the capabilities and structure of the previous system
o Prioritise the alternatives for a system
o Determine the basic structure and approach for the new system
o Understand and document the user’s needs and requirements
• WHAT IS THE FIRST OFFICIAL ACTIVITY OF THE PROJECT TEAM AS IT INITIATES THE PROJECT
PLANNING PHASE?
o Define the business problem
, o Staff the project team
o Develop a cost/benefit analysis
o White a project proposal
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES A PLANNED UNDERTAKING THAT PRODUCE
A NEW INFORMATION SYSTEM?
o Systems development project
o Phase
o Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
o Design phase
• WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES AN APPROACH OF PROGRAMMING WHICH BREAKS
MORE COMPLEX PROGRAMS INTO A SUBSET OF PROGRAM MODULES?
o Incremental
o Iterative
o Generalization-subgeneralisation
o Top-down
• ONE MAIN PRINCIPLE OF STRUCTURED DESIGN IS THAT PROGRAM MODULES SHOULD BE
DESIGNED SO THAT THEY ARE .
o Highly engineered
o Tightly coupled
o Highly cohesive
o Rapidly prototyped
• A KEY CONCEPT IN THE MODEL APPROACH IS THE FOCUS OF RISK.
o Risk
o Extreme programming (XP)
o Spiral
o Agile
• WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NORMALLY THE MOST TIME-CONSUMING AND
RESOURCE- EXPENSIVE OPERATION?
o Building prototypes
o Observing business processes
o Reviewing existing reports
o Interviewing stakeholders
• QUESTIONNAIRES CAN BE USED TO ASK QUESTIONS THAT .
o Determine user opinions
o Determine the stakeholders
o Define the systems functions
o Detail user procedures
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS DESCRIBES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
A PROTOTYPE?
o Includes work procedures, both extensive and throwaway
o Is operative and executable, is focused on a specific objective, is quickly built
o Has a good look and feel, is executable, and is complete
o Is quickly built, has a mock-up, and is complete
• WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF JOINT APPLICATION DESIGN (JAD)?
o To establish a design environment
o To design a prototype
o To expedite the design of the system
o To expedite the investigation of system requirements
• WHICH SYSTEM MODEL SHOWS WHAT THE SYSTEM IS SUPPOSED TO DO IN GREAT
DETAIL, WITHOUT COMMITTING TO ANY ONE TECHNOLOGY?
o Vertical
o Physical
o Logical
o Hardware
• THE MODERN STRUCTURED ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE USES DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS (DFDs) AND
.
o Entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs)
o Activity diagrams
o Decision support systems (DSS)
o Workflows
CENGAGE CHAPTER 1: THE WORLD OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS ANALYST
,• SYSTEMS ARE SO COMPLEX THAT AN ORGANISATION MUST OFTEN COMMIT
NEARLY EVERYONE IN THE INFORMATINO SYSTEM DEPARTMENT AND THROUGHOUT
THE ORGANISATION TO RESEARCH OPTIONS.
o HRM
o AFM
o ERP (pg 10)
o B2C
• ARE STRATEGIES FOR COMPLETING SPECIFIC SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.
o Techniques (pg 12)
o Tools
o Processes
o Transactions
• ARE DEVELOPED TO SOLVE PROBLEMS FOR ORGANISATIONS, AND A SYSTEMS ANALYST IS
OFTEN THROUGHT OF AS A PROBLEM SOLVER RATHER THAN A PROGRAMMER.
o Strategic systems
o Information systems (pg 4-5)
o Database systems
o Office support systems
• A SYSTEM THAT CONTROLS INTERNAL PRODUCTION PROCESSES THAT TURN RAW
MATERIALS INTO FINISHED GOODS IS KNOWN AS A(N) SYSTEM.
o Accounting and financial management
o HR management
o Collaboration support
o Manufacturing management (pg 10)
• A TYPICAL PROCESS CAN TAKE MONTHS OR EVEN YEARS, AND OFTEN PLANS ARE
CONTINUALLY UPDATED.
o Strategic planning (pg 17)
o Ad hoc planning
o Transaction
o System
• A(N) IS A COLLECTION OF INTERRELATED COMPONENTS THAT COLECT, PROCESS,
STORE, AND PROVIDE AS OUTPUT THE INFORMATION NEEDED TO COMPLETE A BUSINESS
TASK.
o System boundary
o Enterprise application
o Technique
o Information system (6-7)
• A(N) INCLUDES HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, INPUTS, OUTPUTS, DATA, PEOPLE A
AND PROCEDURES.
o Strategic system
o Information system (pg 8)
o Subsystem
o Application architecture
• A(N) IS A CENTRALLY MANAGED COLLECTION OF DATA THAT IS ACCESSIBLE TO MANY
USERS AND SYSTEMS AT THE SAME TIME.
o ERP
o CSS
o HRM
o Database (11)
• THE IS THE SEPERATION BETWEEN A SYSTEM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT THAT INPUTS
AND OUTPUTS MUST CROSS.
o Automation boundary
o Communication boundary
o Application boundary
o System boundary (8)
• IS A PROCESS IN WHICH AN ORGANISATION COMMITS TO USING AN INTEGRATED SET
OF SOFTWARE PACKAGES FOR KEY INFORMATION SYSTEMS.
o Technology architecture planning
o Application architecture planning
o Enterprise resource planning (pg 11)
o Information systems strategic planning
, • A COLLECTS INFORMATION ON EMPLOYEES AND THEIR WORK, PROCESSES AND STORES
THAT INFORMAITON, AND THEN PRODUCES PAYCHECKS (AMONG OTHER THINGS) FOR THE
ORGANISATION
o Network system
o Payroll system (7)
o Web system
o Sales management system
• DIVIDING A SYSTEM INTO COMPONENTS BASED ON SUBSYSTEMS THAT, IN TURN, ARE
FURTHER DIVIDED INTO SUBSYSTEMS IS REFERRED TO AS .
o Strategic planning
o System analysis
o Functional decomposition (7)
o Systems design
• The is a description of the hardware, software and communications networks required to
implement planned information systems.
o Technology architecture plan (pg 17)
o Application architecture plan
o Enterprise resource plan
o Information systems strategic plan
• A system collects information about customers, sales, products, and inventory levels.
o Network
o Payroll system
o Web
o Sales management system (7)
• A sales management system might be one subsystem of a system.
o Web
o Customer relationship management
o Network
o Payroll
• In developing the information systems , members of the staff look at the overall
organisation to anticipate problems rather than react to systems problems as they come up.
o Strategic plan
o Application plan
o Database plan
o System plan
• The is the plan defining the technology and applications that the information systems
function needs to support the organisation’s strategic plan.
o Information systems strategic plan
o Communication plan
o Office support
o Systems design plan
• seeks to alter radically the nature of the work done in a business function.
o Strategic planning
o Functional decomposition
o Systems analysis
o Business process reengineering
• Systems analysis and design is, first and foremost, a field grounded in time-tested and
evolving knowledge and techniques
o Theoretical, rapidly
o Theoretical, slowly
o Practical, rapidly
o Practical, slowly
• is the process of specifying in detail how the many components of the information system
should be physically implemented.
o Systems design
o Systems analysis
o Automation
o Strategic planning
• are strategies for completing specific system development activities
o techniques
o tools
o processes
• THE PROCESS OF UNDERSTANDING AND SPECIFYING IN DETAIL WHAT THE
INFORMATION SYSTEM SHOULD ACCOMPLISH IS CALLED SYSTEMS.
o Design
o Initial study
o Analysis
o Administration
• WHAT NAME IS GIVEN TO A SYSTEM THAT IS PART OF A LARGER SYSTEM?
o Supersystem
o Information system
o Subsystem
o Minifunction
• AN AUTOMATION BOUNDARY IS BEST DESCRIBED AS THE SEPERATION BETWEEN THE
o System and its environment
o Automated part of a system and the manual part of a system
o Manual part of a system and its environment
o Automated part of a system and its environment
• CHANGES IN SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT, TECHNOLOGY, AND BUSINESS PRACTICES
HAVE CREATED MANY NEW CAREER OPPORTUNITIES OF ANALYST, INCLUDING THREE
OF THE FOLLOWING. WHICH ONE IS NOT ONE OF THE THREE?
o Sales and support of ERP software
o Auditing, compliance and security
o Web development
o Hardware electronic assembly
• DURING WHICH PROCESS DO EXECUTIVES TRY TO ANSWER KEY QUESTIONS ABOUT THE
COMPANY?
o Business process reengineering
o Strategic planning
o Information systems strategic planning
o Enterprise resource planning (ERP)
• A DESCRIPTION OF THE HARDWARE, SOFTWARE AND COMMUNICATION NETWORKS REQUIRED
TO IMPLEMENT PLANNED INFORMATION SYSTEMS IS CALLED
o Information systems plan
o Applications architecture planning
o A technology architecture plan
o Enterprise technology planning
• WHAT IS THE LAST STEP OF THE ANALYST’S APPROACH TO PROBLEM SOLVING?
o Monitor to make sure that you obtain the desired results
o Decide which solution is best, and make a recommendation
o Verify that the benefits of solving the problem outweighs the costs
o Implement the solution
• THE TWO SYSTEMS THAT ARE EXTERNALLY ORIENTED, I E THEY FOCUS ON ENTITIES
OUTSIDE OF THE ORGANISATION ARE
o Collaboration support and knowledge management systems
o Manufacturing and supply chain management systems
o Accounting/financial and human resource management systems
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING ACTIVITIES IMPROVES THE PERFORMANCE OF
THE COMPANY? SELECT THE MOST APPROPRIATE OPTION:
o Business process reengineering
o Strategic planning
o Technology impact planning
o Enterprise resource planning
• THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF THE ANALYSIS PHASE IS TO
o Analyse the capabilities and structure of the previous system
o Prioritise the alternatives for a system
o Determine the basic structure and approach for the new system
o Understand and document the user’s needs and requirements
• WHAT IS THE FIRST OFFICIAL ACTIVITY OF THE PROJECT TEAM AS IT INITIATES THE PROJECT
PLANNING PHASE?
o Define the business problem
, o Staff the project team
o Develop a cost/benefit analysis
o White a project proposal
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES A PLANNED UNDERTAKING THAT PRODUCE
A NEW INFORMATION SYSTEM?
o Systems development project
o Phase
o Systems development life cycle (SDLC)
o Design phase
• WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING DESCRIBES AN APPROACH OF PROGRAMMING WHICH BREAKS
MORE COMPLEX PROGRAMS INTO A SUBSET OF PROGRAM MODULES?
o Incremental
o Iterative
o Generalization-subgeneralisation
o Top-down
• ONE MAIN PRINCIPLE OF STRUCTURED DESIGN IS THAT PROGRAM MODULES SHOULD BE
DESIGNED SO THAT THEY ARE .
o Highly engineered
o Tightly coupled
o Highly cohesive
o Rapidly prototyped
• A KEY CONCEPT IN THE MODEL APPROACH IS THE FOCUS OF RISK.
o Risk
o Extreme programming (XP)
o Spiral
o Agile
• WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING IS NORMALLY THE MOST TIME-CONSUMING AND
RESOURCE- EXPENSIVE OPERATION?
o Building prototypes
o Observing business processes
o Reviewing existing reports
o Interviewing stakeholders
• QUESTIONNAIRES CAN BE USED TO ASK QUESTIONS THAT .
o Determine user opinions
o Determine the stakeholders
o Define the systems functions
o Detail user procedures
• WHICH ONE OF THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS DESCRIBES THE CHARACTERISTICS OF
A PROTOTYPE?
o Includes work procedures, both extensive and throwaway
o Is operative and executable, is focused on a specific objective, is quickly built
o Has a good look and feel, is executable, and is complete
o Is quickly built, has a mock-up, and is complete
• WHAT IS THE MAIN PURPOSE OF JOINT APPLICATION DESIGN (JAD)?
o To establish a design environment
o To design a prototype
o To expedite the design of the system
o To expedite the investigation of system requirements
• WHICH SYSTEM MODEL SHOWS WHAT THE SYSTEM IS SUPPOSED TO DO IN GREAT
DETAIL, WITHOUT COMMITTING TO ANY ONE TECHNOLOGY?
o Vertical
o Physical
o Logical
o Hardware
• THE MODERN STRUCTURED ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE USES DATA FLOW DIAGRAMS (DFDs) AND
.
o Entity-relationship diagrams (ERDs)
o Activity diagrams
o Decision support systems (DSS)
o Workflows
CENGAGE CHAPTER 1: THE WORLD OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEMS ANALYST
,• SYSTEMS ARE SO COMPLEX THAT AN ORGANISATION MUST OFTEN COMMIT
NEARLY EVERYONE IN THE INFORMATINO SYSTEM DEPARTMENT AND THROUGHOUT
THE ORGANISATION TO RESEARCH OPTIONS.
o HRM
o AFM
o ERP (pg 10)
o B2C
• ARE STRATEGIES FOR COMPLETING SPECIFIC SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES.
o Techniques (pg 12)
o Tools
o Processes
o Transactions
• ARE DEVELOPED TO SOLVE PROBLEMS FOR ORGANISATIONS, AND A SYSTEMS ANALYST IS
OFTEN THROUGHT OF AS A PROBLEM SOLVER RATHER THAN A PROGRAMMER.
o Strategic systems
o Information systems (pg 4-5)
o Database systems
o Office support systems
• A SYSTEM THAT CONTROLS INTERNAL PRODUCTION PROCESSES THAT TURN RAW
MATERIALS INTO FINISHED GOODS IS KNOWN AS A(N) SYSTEM.
o Accounting and financial management
o HR management
o Collaboration support
o Manufacturing management (pg 10)
• A TYPICAL PROCESS CAN TAKE MONTHS OR EVEN YEARS, AND OFTEN PLANS ARE
CONTINUALLY UPDATED.
o Strategic planning (pg 17)
o Ad hoc planning
o Transaction
o System
• A(N) IS A COLLECTION OF INTERRELATED COMPONENTS THAT COLECT, PROCESS,
STORE, AND PROVIDE AS OUTPUT THE INFORMATION NEEDED TO COMPLETE A BUSINESS
TASK.
o System boundary
o Enterprise application
o Technique
o Information system (6-7)
• A(N) INCLUDES HARDWARE, SOFTWARE, INPUTS, OUTPUTS, DATA, PEOPLE A
AND PROCEDURES.
o Strategic system
o Information system (pg 8)
o Subsystem
o Application architecture
• A(N) IS A CENTRALLY MANAGED COLLECTION OF DATA THAT IS ACCESSIBLE TO MANY
USERS AND SYSTEMS AT THE SAME TIME.
o ERP
o CSS
o HRM
o Database (11)
• THE IS THE SEPERATION BETWEEN A SYSTEM AND ITS ENVIRONMENT THAT INPUTS
AND OUTPUTS MUST CROSS.
o Automation boundary
o Communication boundary
o Application boundary
o System boundary (8)
• IS A PROCESS IN WHICH AN ORGANISATION COMMITS TO USING AN INTEGRATED SET
OF SOFTWARE PACKAGES FOR KEY INFORMATION SYSTEMS.
o Technology architecture planning
o Application architecture planning
o Enterprise resource planning (pg 11)
o Information systems strategic planning
, • A COLLECTS INFORMATION ON EMPLOYEES AND THEIR WORK, PROCESSES AND STORES
THAT INFORMAITON, AND THEN PRODUCES PAYCHECKS (AMONG OTHER THINGS) FOR THE
ORGANISATION
o Network system
o Payroll system (7)
o Web system
o Sales management system
• DIVIDING A SYSTEM INTO COMPONENTS BASED ON SUBSYSTEMS THAT, IN TURN, ARE
FURTHER DIVIDED INTO SUBSYSTEMS IS REFERRED TO AS .
o Strategic planning
o System analysis
o Functional decomposition (7)
o Systems design
• The is a description of the hardware, software and communications networks required to
implement planned information systems.
o Technology architecture plan (pg 17)
o Application architecture plan
o Enterprise resource plan
o Information systems strategic plan
• A system collects information about customers, sales, products, and inventory levels.
o Network
o Payroll system
o Web
o Sales management system (7)
• A sales management system might be one subsystem of a system.
o Web
o Customer relationship management
o Network
o Payroll
• In developing the information systems , members of the staff look at the overall
organisation to anticipate problems rather than react to systems problems as they come up.
o Strategic plan
o Application plan
o Database plan
o System plan
• The is the plan defining the technology and applications that the information systems
function needs to support the organisation’s strategic plan.
o Information systems strategic plan
o Communication plan
o Office support
o Systems design plan
• seeks to alter radically the nature of the work done in a business function.
o Strategic planning
o Functional decomposition
o Systems analysis
o Business process reengineering
• Systems analysis and design is, first and foremost, a field grounded in time-tested and
evolving knowledge and techniques
o Theoretical, rapidly
o Theoretical, slowly
o Practical, rapidly
o Practical, slowly
• is the process of specifying in detail how the many components of the information system
should be physically implemented.
o Systems design
o Systems analysis
o Automation
o Strategic planning
• are strategies for completing specific system development activities
o techniques
o tools
o processes
