Final Review
Exam 1
Cellular Regulation
Chs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,17, and 18
Drugs affecting the immune system
Immune Globulin (Immune Sera)
o These provide passive immunity to certain antigens
o Can be used as a prophylactic agent against specific diseases in patients who
are immunocompromised
o Helps lessen the severity of a disease after exposure
o A/E: increased risk of bleeding, headache, nausea, swelling/redness at injection
site, tiredness, vomiting
o Contraindications: allergic, allergic to blood products, IgA deficient, pregnancy
o Action: provides antibodies to hep A, measles, varisella, rubella, helps people
with immune globulin deficiency
Immune modulators
o Action: block the release of various cytokines involved in the inflammatory
response and activation of lymphocytes, suppressing the immune response.
o Contraindications: pregnancy, tetrafluoride should not be taken as it could
cause liver damage
o A/E:
o Fingolimod (Gileyna), lenalidomide (Revlimid), thalidomide (Thalomid)
Vaccines/Immunizations
Antineoplastic agents
Cytoxic agents
Hormonal therapies
Biologic response modifiers
Antiviral Agents
Antiretroviral Agents
HIV agents
Antitubercular drugs
o Rifabutin and isoniazid
o Must complete all medication, state will make sure you take them
o Orange pee
Antibacterial
Penicillins
o End in –cillin
o First class of antibiotics
o Most common drug allergy
, Cephalosporins
o Cef of ceph
o Similar to penicillin, watch for allergic reaction due to cross sensitivity
o A/E: renal toxicity, hepatic dysfunction, GI symptoms, headache, dizziness,
weakness
o Contraindications: renal/hepatic impairment, pregnancy, young children
Tetracyclines
o –cycline
o A/E: watch fro changes in tooth enamel, photosensitivity
o Contraindications: pregnancy, children
Macrolides
o Erythromycin
o A/E: gi effects, superinfections, mouth and vaginal sores, dyspnea,
headache
o Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation, hepatic/renal impairment
Aminoglycosides –micen, mycn. “GNATS” (Gentamicin, neomycin, amikacin,
tobramycin, streptomycin)
o Action: Bacteriocydal, used to treat gram – bacteria, bacteria resistant to
penicillin, can be used without culture and sensitivity results
o Contraindication: liver/kidney disease, allergy to aminoglycosides, hearing loss,
herpes breakouts can be worsened by these drugs, pregnancy, not to be
combined with powerful diuretics
o A/E: ototoxicity causing hearing loss
o Streptomycin is very toxic to the 8th cranial nerve and kidneys
Sulfonamides
o Begin with sulfa
o People are frequently allergic to these drugs
o A/E: photosensitivity, ringing in ears, dyspnea, rash, sore throat, crystaluria,
hepacellular necrosis, bone marrow suppression, stevensjohn syndrome
o Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation, allergy to thiazides or sulfa,
Fluoroquinolones
o Cipro
o floxacin
o Watch for tendon rupture, not for pt under the age of 18
Carbapenems and Monobactims ~penem
o DIEM (doripenem, imipenemcilastatin, ertapenem, meropenem)
o Action: bactericidal, inhibit cell membrane synthesis, can cause super infections
o Contraindications: seizure disorder, meningitis, caution during pregnancy,
kidney problems, pt taking valpronic acid
o A/E: headaches, dizziness, AMS, diarrhea, dizziness, super infections
Miscellaneous antibiotics
Antiprotozoals
o Pyrantel
o Perianal itching is an indication of pinworms
Antifungals
o –azole
, o antibiotics/antibacterials do not work on fungus
Antihelmintics
Globalization of disease transmission
Current CDC guidelines
Tissue Integrity
Appendix B
Drugs for skin infections
o bacitracin
Antibacterials
Antifungals
o azoles
Antivirals
o Acyclovir for herpes
Scabicides and pediculicides
Drugs for acne, rosacea and psoriasis
o Antibiotics:
Drugs for dermatitis
Drugs for burns
o Silver sulfadine
Exam 2
Metabolism: Ch 34-38 ATI: unit 10
Antidiabetics
Biguanides- (Metformin HCL)
A/E
o Vitamin B12 AND folic acid loss
o Lactic acidosis
o GI disturbances and weight loss
Exam 1
Cellular Regulation
Chs. 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15,17, and 18
Drugs affecting the immune system
Immune Globulin (Immune Sera)
o These provide passive immunity to certain antigens
o Can be used as a prophylactic agent against specific diseases in patients who
are immunocompromised
o Helps lessen the severity of a disease after exposure
o A/E: increased risk of bleeding, headache, nausea, swelling/redness at injection
site, tiredness, vomiting
o Contraindications: allergic, allergic to blood products, IgA deficient, pregnancy
o Action: provides antibodies to hep A, measles, varisella, rubella, helps people
with immune globulin deficiency
Immune modulators
o Action: block the release of various cytokines involved in the inflammatory
response and activation of lymphocytes, suppressing the immune response.
o Contraindications: pregnancy, tetrafluoride should not be taken as it could
cause liver damage
o A/E:
o Fingolimod (Gileyna), lenalidomide (Revlimid), thalidomide (Thalomid)
Vaccines/Immunizations
Antineoplastic agents
Cytoxic agents
Hormonal therapies
Biologic response modifiers
Antiviral Agents
Antiretroviral Agents
HIV agents
Antitubercular drugs
o Rifabutin and isoniazid
o Must complete all medication, state will make sure you take them
o Orange pee
Antibacterial
Penicillins
o End in –cillin
o First class of antibiotics
o Most common drug allergy
, Cephalosporins
o Cef of ceph
o Similar to penicillin, watch for allergic reaction due to cross sensitivity
o A/E: renal toxicity, hepatic dysfunction, GI symptoms, headache, dizziness,
weakness
o Contraindications: renal/hepatic impairment, pregnancy, young children
Tetracyclines
o –cycline
o A/E: watch fro changes in tooth enamel, photosensitivity
o Contraindications: pregnancy, children
Macrolides
o Erythromycin
o A/E: gi effects, superinfections, mouth and vaginal sores, dyspnea,
headache
o Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation, hepatic/renal impairment
Aminoglycosides –micen, mycn. “GNATS” (Gentamicin, neomycin, amikacin,
tobramycin, streptomycin)
o Action: Bacteriocydal, used to treat gram – bacteria, bacteria resistant to
penicillin, can be used without culture and sensitivity results
o Contraindication: liver/kidney disease, allergy to aminoglycosides, hearing loss,
herpes breakouts can be worsened by these drugs, pregnancy, not to be
combined with powerful diuretics
o A/E: ototoxicity causing hearing loss
o Streptomycin is very toxic to the 8th cranial nerve and kidneys
Sulfonamides
o Begin with sulfa
o People are frequently allergic to these drugs
o A/E: photosensitivity, ringing in ears, dyspnea, rash, sore throat, crystaluria,
hepacellular necrosis, bone marrow suppression, stevensjohn syndrome
o Contraindications: pregnancy, lactation, allergy to thiazides or sulfa,
Fluoroquinolones
o Cipro
o floxacin
o Watch for tendon rupture, not for pt under the age of 18
Carbapenems and Monobactims ~penem
o DIEM (doripenem, imipenemcilastatin, ertapenem, meropenem)
o Action: bactericidal, inhibit cell membrane synthesis, can cause super infections
o Contraindications: seizure disorder, meningitis, caution during pregnancy,
kidney problems, pt taking valpronic acid
o A/E: headaches, dizziness, AMS, diarrhea, dizziness, super infections
Miscellaneous antibiotics
Antiprotozoals
o Pyrantel
o Perianal itching is an indication of pinworms
Antifungals
o –azole
, o antibiotics/antibacterials do not work on fungus
Antihelmintics
Globalization of disease transmission
Current CDC guidelines
Tissue Integrity
Appendix B
Drugs for skin infections
o bacitracin
Antibacterials
Antifungals
o azoles
Antivirals
o Acyclovir for herpes
Scabicides and pediculicides
Drugs for acne, rosacea and psoriasis
o Antibiotics:
Drugs for dermatitis
Drugs for burns
o Silver sulfadine
Exam 2
Metabolism: Ch 34-38 ATI: unit 10
Antidiabetics
Biguanides- (Metformin HCL)
A/E
o Vitamin B12 AND folic acid loss
o Lactic acidosis
o GI disturbances and weight loss
