Diagnosis: Premenstrual Syndrome
Physical
Signs and
Assessment
Pathophysiology Symptoms Pharmacologic
Findings
Summary Recommendations
(subjective)
(objective)
Premenstrual syndrome
Diagnosis #1: (PMS) is common in Patient will Review prior There is not a specific
Premenstrual childbearing females that complain of: history to treatment for PMS, it is
Syndrome experiences recurrent compare with individualized depending
variable physiological and abdominal current findings. on each patient’s
psychological symptoms. distention/ symptoms, severity and/or
The symptoms occur bloating Assess underlying causes
approximately a week irritability symptoms, contributing to PMS.
before the onset of menses emotional physical/family
and usually subsides with lability health history to Medications:
the beginning of menses, sleep determine 1) Hormonal therapy- to
which is tied with luteal disturbance/ predisposing reduce physical
phase of menstrual cycle. periodic factors and symptoms
The primary etiology is insomnia comorbidity. Oral contraceptives
unclear, but through depression (combined estrogen-
ongoing researches and/or anxiety Upon physical progesterone or
possible causes include: headaches or assessment the progesterone only)
serotonin deficiency migraines following was Mechanism of action:
magnesium deficiency fatigue, observed: prevention of ovulation;
calcium deficiency lethargic
they inhibit follicular
exaggerated emotional light water-weight
and physical responses development and prevent
headedness gain
to normal changes in tension breast ovulation that works at the
levels of reproductive backaches swelling and hypothalamus to decrease
hormones abnormal tenderness the pulse frequency of
increased endorphins cramps skin irritations gonadotropin releasing
hypoprolactinemia food craving (e.g. acne) hormone. This, in turn,
alterations in the bowel swelling of will decrease the secretion
gamma-aminobutyric problems joints of follicle- stimulating
(GABA) system (diarrhea/ palpitations hormone (FSH) and
cyclical changes in constipation) decreases the secretion of
estrogen and mood swings Instruct patient luteinizing hormone (LH);
progesterone levels decreased to keep a log of ability to inhibit sperm
(Schub and Schwartz, concentration the symptoms,
from penetrating through
2018) severity, onset,
the cervix and upper
This study source was downloaded by 100000829957125 from CourseHero.com on 01-31-2022 08:06:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57997609/Discussion-8-premenstrual-syndromedocx/
, There is a variety of low libido duration and the genital tract by making the
underlying disorders that end point. Also, cervical mucous unfriendly
can exacerbate and/or to keep a record (Cooper & Mahdy, 2019)
trigger symptoms: of her monthly
history of ovarian menstrual cycle. 2) Diuretics- reduce
problems (e.g. cysts) bloating and fluid
hormonal balance Diagnostic buildup
family history of PMS testing: Spironolactone
chronic stressors To rule out any
history of psychological underlying Drug classification:
disorders (e.g. causes and/or potassium-sparing
depression or anxiety) trigger- diuretic
stopping birth control CBC Mechanism of action:
pills BMP Acts directly on the distal
migraines Thyroid tubule of the kidneys
function Increases urinary excretion
Risk factors studies of sodium, water, chloride
There might not be a Specific and calcium ions
specific known cause of hormonal Decreases excretion of
PMS but there are still level panel
potassium and hydrogen
several risk factors that (follicle-
play a major role: stimulating ions (Springhouse, 2004)
younger age girls are hormone- Hydrochlorothiazide
associated with more FSH) Drug classification:
severe symptoms Pap smear to thiazide diuretic
genetic predisposition screen for Mechanism of action:
obesity cancerous or Works by preventing
lack of exercise precancerous sodium reabsorption in the
history of mood cervical kidneys
disorders (depression, changes that Sodium is excreted pulling
bipolar, anxiety) can aggravate water along with it and
family history of PMS PMS increases excretion of
smoking symptoms
chloride, potassium and
psychological stressors Pelvic exam to
bicarbonate (Springhouse,
screen for
As per Hofmeister and abnormalities 2004)
Bodden, the burden of the that can 3) Antidepressants- to
disease can be high and increase or reduce emotional
women with PMS have lead to PMS
symptoms and
higher rates of work symptoms
moderate to severe
absences, higher medical Ultrasound to
expenses and lower assess mood changes
health-related quality of reproductive First line of treatment
life. When women system for any for severe symptoms of
experience severe possible PMS
symptoms that prevent problems Fluoxetine; paroxetine
This study source was downloaded by 100000829957125 from CourseHero.com on 01-31-2022 08:06:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57997609/Discussion-8-premenstrual-syndromedocx/
Physical
Signs and
Assessment
Pathophysiology Symptoms Pharmacologic
Findings
Summary Recommendations
(subjective)
(objective)
Premenstrual syndrome
Diagnosis #1: (PMS) is common in Patient will Review prior There is not a specific
Premenstrual childbearing females that complain of: history to treatment for PMS, it is
Syndrome experiences recurrent compare with individualized depending
variable physiological and abdominal current findings. on each patient’s
psychological symptoms. distention/ symptoms, severity and/or
The symptoms occur bloating Assess underlying causes
approximately a week irritability symptoms, contributing to PMS.
before the onset of menses emotional physical/family
and usually subsides with lability health history to Medications:
the beginning of menses, sleep determine 1) Hormonal therapy- to
which is tied with luteal disturbance/ predisposing reduce physical
phase of menstrual cycle. periodic factors and symptoms
The primary etiology is insomnia comorbidity. Oral contraceptives
unclear, but through depression (combined estrogen-
ongoing researches and/or anxiety Upon physical progesterone or
possible causes include: headaches or assessment the progesterone only)
serotonin deficiency migraines following was Mechanism of action:
magnesium deficiency fatigue, observed: prevention of ovulation;
calcium deficiency lethargic
they inhibit follicular
exaggerated emotional light water-weight
and physical responses development and prevent
headedness gain
to normal changes in tension breast ovulation that works at the
levels of reproductive backaches swelling and hypothalamus to decrease
hormones abnormal tenderness the pulse frequency of
increased endorphins cramps skin irritations gonadotropin releasing
hypoprolactinemia food craving (e.g. acne) hormone. This, in turn,
alterations in the bowel swelling of will decrease the secretion
gamma-aminobutyric problems joints of follicle- stimulating
(GABA) system (diarrhea/ palpitations hormone (FSH) and
cyclical changes in constipation) decreases the secretion of
estrogen and mood swings Instruct patient luteinizing hormone (LH);
progesterone levels decreased to keep a log of ability to inhibit sperm
(Schub and Schwartz, concentration the symptoms,
from penetrating through
2018) severity, onset,
the cervix and upper
This study source was downloaded by 100000829957125 from CourseHero.com on 01-31-2022 08:06:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57997609/Discussion-8-premenstrual-syndromedocx/
, There is a variety of low libido duration and the genital tract by making the
underlying disorders that end point. Also, cervical mucous unfriendly
can exacerbate and/or to keep a record (Cooper & Mahdy, 2019)
trigger symptoms: of her monthly
history of ovarian menstrual cycle. 2) Diuretics- reduce
problems (e.g. cysts) bloating and fluid
hormonal balance Diagnostic buildup
family history of PMS testing: Spironolactone
chronic stressors To rule out any
history of psychological underlying Drug classification:
disorders (e.g. causes and/or potassium-sparing
depression or anxiety) trigger- diuretic
stopping birth control CBC Mechanism of action:
pills BMP Acts directly on the distal
migraines Thyroid tubule of the kidneys
function Increases urinary excretion
Risk factors studies of sodium, water, chloride
There might not be a Specific and calcium ions
specific known cause of hormonal Decreases excretion of
PMS but there are still level panel
potassium and hydrogen
several risk factors that (follicle-
play a major role: stimulating ions (Springhouse, 2004)
younger age girls are hormone- Hydrochlorothiazide
associated with more FSH) Drug classification:
severe symptoms Pap smear to thiazide diuretic
genetic predisposition screen for Mechanism of action:
obesity cancerous or Works by preventing
lack of exercise precancerous sodium reabsorption in the
history of mood cervical kidneys
disorders (depression, changes that Sodium is excreted pulling
bipolar, anxiety) can aggravate water along with it and
family history of PMS PMS increases excretion of
smoking symptoms
chloride, potassium and
psychological stressors Pelvic exam to
bicarbonate (Springhouse,
screen for
As per Hofmeister and abnormalities 2004)
Bodden, the burden of the that can 3) Antidepressants- to
disease can be high and increase or reduce emotional
women with PMS have lead to PMS
symptoms and
higher rates of work symptoms
moderate to severe
absences, higher medical Ultrasound to
expenses and lower assess mood changes
health-related quality of reproductive First line of treatment
life. When women system for any for severe symptoms of
experience severe possible PMS
symptoms that prevent problems Fluoxetine; paroxetine
This study source was downloaded by 100000829957125 from CourseHero.com on 01-31-2022 08:06:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/57997609/Discussion-8-premenstrual-syndromedocx/
