Infancy
This thick, nutrient-dense substance is produced during the first few days of
breastfeeding, and helps a child build immunities.
Colostrum
A child is born with a normal birth weight and length, but over the next few
months, the child falls below the 20th percentile for these figures. What term most
accurately describes this baby's development?
Failure to thrive
Infants develop motor skills in an organized manner, with motor skills developing
in a top-down and center-out manner. What two principles describe this process of
development?
Cephalocaudal and proximodistal development
Infants lack the verbal capacity to give us feedback on their sensations and
perceptions, but we can measure their abilities by monitoring bodily functions. If
doctors monitor a newborn and find increased heart rate, increased blood pressure,
increased stress hormones, and decreased oxygen in the blood, which sensation can
they surmise the infant is experiencing?
Pain
,Parents who opt out of vaccinating their children, and later send them to school,
increase the risk to other children by reducing the overall community immunity
rate, known as what?
Herd immunity
Lorena is 6 months old, and often wakes during the night. Her parents wish she
would wake less frequently during the night, but as long as Lorena gets about how
many hours of sleep per day, is her sleep considered normal for a child her age?
14-15 hours
Iron is an essential nutrient for brain development, and breast milk provides a
steady source of iron for infants. After weaning, what nutritional concern arises
when children start drinking cow's milk?
Milk anemia
This portion of the brain, responsible for planned decision-making and emotional
regulation, is the last to develop in an infant's brain.
Prefrontal cortex
Jonah, a 12-month-old, uses the shortened word, ba- to indicate he wants his bottle.
What kind of speech does this shortened use of a word represent?
Holophrasic speech
,Noam Chomsky believed all children were born with an innate ability to
understand any language, and as they grow, they specialize in a specific, native
language. What neurological construct did Chomsky cite as responsible for this
ability?
Language Acquisition Device
The basic presentation of the Hamlin and Wynn giver-taker puppet show revealed
that children had a preference for what type of behavior?
Prosocial
Omar, a 6-month-old child, shakes his mother's car keys to hear the sound they
make. He likes the sound and wants it to happen again, so he shakes the keys again
and again.
Secondary circular reactions
Which of the following is a common critique of Piaget's work?
Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of children
In the strange situation test, baby Randall sits passively and waits until it is time to
leave. His behavior is indicative of what type of attachment?
Insecure-avoidant
, Eight-month-old Howard meets his great-aunt for the first time. He clings to his
mother, uncertain of this new person. What does Howard exhibit?
Stranger wariness
Barbara has a toddler, a boy, and another child, a girl, on the way. She's
accustomed to her boy's fussiness, so she thinks she will be just fine adjusting to
her second child's temperament. What is Barbara failing to take into consideration?
Temperament and goodness of fit may differ.
Lucy is an overprotective mother, constantly trying to keep her toddler out of
potentially dangerous situations, like playing on the slide at the playground. What
message does Lucy's overprotective tendency send her child, who is trying to
establish autonomy?
Shame and doubt
The average newborn triples her birthweight in:
The first year
axons:
fibers that extend from the neurons and transmit electrochemical impulses from
that neuron to the dendrites of other neurons
This thick, nutrient-dense substance is produced during the first few days of
breastfeeding, and helps a child build immunities.
Colostrum
A child is born with a normal birth weight and length, but over the next few
months, the child falls below the 20th percentile for these figures. What term most
accurately describes this baby's development?
Failure to thrive
Infants develop motor skills in an organized manner, with motor skills developing
in a top-down and center-out manner. What two principles describe this process of
development?
Cephalocaudal and proximodistal development
Infants lack the verbal capacity to give us feedback on their sensations and
perceptions, but we can measure their abilities by monitoring bodily functions. If
doctors monitor a newborn and find increased heart rate, increased blood pressure,
increased stress hormones, and decreased oxygen in the blood, which sensation can
they surmise the infant is experiencing?
Pain
,Parents who opt out of vaccinating their children, and later send them to school,
increase the risk to other children by reducing the overall community immunity
rate, known as what?
Herd immunity
Lorena is 6 months old, and often wakes during the night. Her parents wish she
would wake less frequently during the night, but as long as Lorena gets about how
many hours of sleep per day, is her sleep considered normal for a child her age?
14-15 hours
Iron is an essential nutrient for brain development, and breast milk provides a
steady source of iron for infants. After weaning, what nutritional concern arises
when children start drinking cow's milk?
Milk anemia
This portion of the brain, responsible for planned decision-making and emotional
regulation, is the last to develop in an infant's brain.
Prefrontal cortex
Jonah, a 12-month-old, uses the shortened word, ba- to indicate he wants his bottle.
What kind of speech does this shortened use of a word represent?
Holophrasic speech
,Noam Chomsky believed all children were born with an innate ability to
understand any language, and as they grow, they specialize in a specific, native
language. What neurological construct did Chomsky cite as responsible for this
ability?
Language Acquisition Device
The basic presentation of the Hamlin and Wynn giver-taker puppet show revealed
that children had a preference for what type of behavior?
Prosocial
Omar, a 6-month-old child, shakes his mother's car keys to hear the sound they
make. He likes the sound and wants it to happen again, so he shakes the keys again
and again.
Secondary circular reactions
Which of the following is a common critique of Piaget's work?
Piaget underestimated the cognitive abilities of children
In the strange situation test, baby Randall sits passively and waits until it is time to
leave. His behavior is indicative of what type of attachment?
Insecure-avoidant
, Eight-month-old Howard meets his great-aunt for the first time. He clings to his
mother, uncertain of this new person. What does Howard exhibit?
Stranger wariness
Barbara has a toddler, a boy, and another child, a girl, on the way. She's
accustomed to her boy's fussiness, so she thinks she will be just fine adjusting to
her second child's temperament. What is Barbara failing to take into consideration?
Temperament and goodness of fit may differ.
Lucy is an overprotective mother, constantly trying to keep her toddler out of
potentially dangerous situations, like playing on the slide at the playground. What
message does Lucy's overprotective tendency send her child, who is trying to
establish autonomy?
Shame and doubt
The average newborn triples her birthweight in:
The first year
axons:
fibers that extend from the neurons and transmit electrochemical impulses from
that neuron to the dendrites of other neurons
