NR 601 MIDTERM EXAM STUDY GUIDE Q & A
Radiographic findings
o 1st line treatment
o Medication
management
Osteoporosis (Dunphy)
.
6-B
3-53 Emily, a healthy 26-year-old woman, asks you how she can prevent bone loss as she ages.
She is concerned because both her maternal grandmother and now her mother have severe
osteoporosis. What guidance would you give to Emily? A. Drink all the soda you like—it has no
effect on your bone density. B. It has not been proved that smoking affects bone loss. C.
Replace estrogen when you reach menopause. D. Perform aerobic exercise at least three times
,a week.
3-63 A high sodium intake contributes to the risk of A. cancer. B. heart disease. C. osteoporosis.
D. hypertension.
3-80 A 68-year-old woman presents to your offi ce for screening for osteoporosis. Sandy states
that her grandmother and mother both lost inches in their old age. Sandy has been
postmenopausal for the past 15 years and never took any hormone replacement medications.
She is Caucasian, weighs 108 lb, and is 5 ft 1 in. tall on today’s measurement. When do women
lose the greatest amount of bone density? A. During adolescence B. The fi rst year of
menopause C. The fi rst 10 years after menopause D. Bone loss occurs continuously at the
same rate from menopause to death.
3-93 Which of the following is a major risk factor associated with osteoporosis and fragility
fractures? A. Body weight less than 127 lb B. Alcohol intake greater than 2 drinks/day C.
Estrogen defi ciency occurring before 45 years of age D. Low physical activity
,3-114 Bone density studies to screen for osteoporosis should be performed on which of the
following clients? A. Perimenopausal women who used to smoke but no longer do B. Only on
women after menopause C. All women who have had hysterectomies D. Women with drinking
problems
15-30 Julia, age 60, asks you about taking alendronate (Fosamax). What do you tell her about
using this medication? A. “If you decide to take it, stick with a lower dose of 5 mg because the
side effects are much worse with a 10 mg dose.” B. “Fosamax works better in younger women,
so you should start this now rather than wait until you’re 70.” C. “You should take a daily dose
because the weekly dose is not as effective.” D. “In addition to its ef f i cacy in the treatment of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, it is also useful for the prevention of osteoporosis.”
15-90 Mrs. Thomas, age 69, comes to your offi ce for the results of her DEXA scan. She reports
that her mother had osteopenia before she died. The DEXA scan result shows a T score of −2.7
in the hip and −2.8 in the spine. You explain to her that her results show A. normal bone
density. B. osteopenia. C. osteoporosis. D. osteoarthritis.
15-101 Mary, age 50, desires hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for her hot fl ashes, which
she cannot stand. You have discussed the pros and cons and given her some alternative
suggestions. Her mother had a history of osteoporosis. You have decided to initiate therapy for
1 year. She asks you if she also needs to take calcium or vitamin D for prevention of
osteoporosis. How do you respond? A. “Research has shown that HRT alone is suffi cient to
protect against osteoporosis.” B. “Yes, calcium intake should be increased to 1,000 mg/day
along with 600 mg of vitamin D to decrease bone turnover and increase intestinal absorption.”
C. “If you decide to take calcium and vitamin D, you can stop the HRT.” D. “If you are getting
suffi cient exercise, you don’t need to take calcium and vitamin D.”
, 16-18 Lillian, age 70, was told that she has osteoporosis. When she asks you what this is, you
respond that osteoporosis A. develops when loss of bone occurs more rapidly than new bone
growth. B. is a degenerative joint disease characterized by loss of cartilage in certain joints. C. is
a chronic infl ammatory disorder that affects multiple joints. D. is a bone disorder that has to do
with inadequate mineralization of the bones.
16-32 Jennifer says that she has heard that caffeine can cause osteoporosis and asks you why.
How do you respond? A. “Caffeine has no effect on osteoporosis.” B. “A high caffeine intake has
a diuretic effect that may cause calcium to be excreted more rapidly.” C. “Caffeine affects bone
metabolism by altering intestinal absorption of calcium and assimilation of calcium into the
bone matrix.” D. “Caffeine increases bone resorption.”
16-40 Black men have a relatively low incidence of osteoporosis because they have A. increased
bone resorption. B. a higher bone mass. C. wide and thick long bones. D. decreased bone
deposition.
16-45 Joan, age 76, has been given a diagnosis of osteoporosis confi rmed with a dual- energy
x- ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. The nurse practitioner has educated her about the
importance of increasing calcium and vitamin D in her diet and starting a low- impact, weight-
bearing exercise program. The nurse practitioner is also going to start the patient on medial
management. Joan asks about a drug called a “SERM” that she has heard has been shown in
studies to prevent vertebral fractures. Which of the following pharmacological therapies for
osteoporosis is classifi ed as a selective
Radiographic findings
o 1st line treatment
o Medication
management
Osteoporosis (Dunphy)
.
6-B
3-53 Emily, a healthy 26-year-old woman, asks you how she can prevent bone loss as she ages.
She is concerned because both her maternal grandmother and now her mother have severe
osteoporosis. What guidance would you give to Emily? A. Drink all the soda you like—it has no
effect on your bone density. B. It has not been proved that smoking affects bone loss. C.
Replace estrogen when you reach menopause. D. Perform aerobic exercise at least three times
,a week.
3-63 A high sodium intake contributes to the risk of A. cancer. B. heart disease. C. osteoporosis.
D. hypertension.
3-80 A 68-year-old woman presents to your offi ce for screening for osteoporosis. Sandy states
that her grandmother and mother both lost inches in their old age. Sandy has been
postmenopausal for the past 15 years and never took any hormone replacement medications.
She is Caucasian, weighs 108 lb, and is 5 ft 1 in. tall on today’s measurement. When do women
lose the greatest amount of bone density? A. During adolescence B. The fi rst year of
menopause C. The fi rst 10 years after menopause D. Bone loss occurs continuously at the
same rate from menopause to death.
3-93 Which of the following is a major risk factor associated with osteoporosis and fragility
fractures? A. Body weight less than 127 lb B. Alcohol intake greater than 2 drinks/day C.
Estrogen defi ciency occurring before 45 years of age D. Low physical activity
,3-114 Bone density studies to screen for osteoporosis should be performed on which of the
following clients? A. Perimenopausal women who used to smoke but no longer do B. Only on
women after menopause C. All women who have had hysterectomies D. Women with drinking
problems
15-30 Julia, age 60, asks you about taking alendronate (Fosamax). What do you tell her about
using this medication? A. “If you decide to take it, stick with a lower dose of 5 mg because the
side effects are much worse with a 10 mg dose.” B. “Fosamax works better in younger women,
so you should start this now rather than wait until you’re 70.” C. “You should take a daily dose
because the weekly dose is not as effective.” D. “In addition to its ef f i cacy in the treatment of
osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, it is also useful for the prevention of osteoporosis.”
15-90 Mrs. Thomas, age 69, comes to your offi ce for the results of her DEXA scan. She reports
that her mother had osteopenia before she died. The DEXA scan result shows a T score of −2.7
in the hip and −2.8 in the spine. You explain to her that her results show A. normal bone
density. B. osteopenia. C. osteoporosis. D. osteoarthritis.
15-101 Mary, age 50, desires hormone replacement therapy (HRT) for her hot fl ashes, which
she cannot stand. You have discussed the pros and cons and given her some alternative
suggestions. Her mother had a history of osteoporosis. You have decided to initiate therapy for
1 year. She asks you if she also needs to take calcium or vitamin D for prevention of
osteoporosis. How do you respond? A. “Research has shown that HRT alone is suffi cient to
protect against osteoporosis.” B. “Yes, calcium intake should be increased to 1,000 mg/day
along with 600 mg of vitamin D to decrease bone turnover and increase intestinal absorption.”
C. “If you decide to take calcium and vitamin D, you can stop the HRT.” D. “If you are getting
suffi cient exercise, you don’t need to take calcium and vitamin D.”
, 16-18 Lillian, age 70, was told that she has osteoporosis. When she asks you what this is, you
respond that osteoporosis A. develops when loss of bone occurs more rapidly than new bone
growth. B. is a degenerative joint disease characterized by loss of cartilage in certain joints. C. is
a chronic infl ammatory disorder that affects multiple joints. D. is a bone disorder that has to do
with inadequate mineralization of the bones.
16-32 Jennifer says that she has heard that caffeine can cause osteoporosis and asks you why.
How do you respond? A. “Caffeine has no effect on osteoporosis.” B. “A high caffeine intake has
a diuretic effect that may cause calcium to be excreted more rapidly.” C. “Caffeine affects bone
metabolism by altering intestinal absorption of calcium and assimilation of calcium into the
bone matrix.” D. “Caffeine increases bone resorption.”
16-40 Black men have a relatively low incidence of osteoporosis because they have A. increased
bone resorption. B. a higher bone mass. C. wide and thick long bones. D. decreased bone
deposition.
16-45 Joan, age 76, has been given a diagnosis of osteoporosis confi rmed with a dual- energy
x- ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. The nurse practitioner has educated her about the
importance of increasing calcium and vitamin D in her diet and starting a low- impact, weight-
bearing exercise program. The nurse practitioner is also going to start the patient on medial
management. Joan asks about a drug called a “SERM” that she has heard has been shown in
studies to prevent vertebral fractures. Which of the following pharmacological therapies for
osteoporosis is classifi ed as a selective
