Question 1: A client with a history of Addison's disease and flulike symptoms
(see full question) accompanied by nausea and vomiting over the past week is brought to
the facility. His wife reports that he acted confused and was extremely
weak when he awoke that morning. The client's blood pressure is 90/58
mm Hg, his pulse is 116 beats/minute, and his temperature is 101° F
(38.3° C). A diagnosis of acute adrenal insufficiency is made. What
should the nurse expect to administer by I.V. infusion?
You selected: Hypotonic saline
Incorrect
Correct response: Hydrocortisone
Explanation: Emergency treatment for acute adrenal insufficiency (addisonian crisis)
is I.V. infusion of hydrocortisone and saline solution. The client is
usually given a dose containing hydrocortisone 100 mg I.V. in normal
saline every 6 hours until blood pressure returns to normal. Insulin isn't
indicated in this situation because adrenal insufficiency is usually
associated with hypoglycemia. Potassium isn't indicated because these
clients are usually hyperkalemic. The client needs normal — not
hypotonic — saline solution. (less)
Question 2: A client is placed on hypocalcemia precautions after removal of the
(see full question) parathyroid gland for cancer. The nurse should observe the client for
which symptoms? Select all that apply.
You selected: • Aphasia
• Numbness
• Tingling
Incorrect
Correct response: • Numbness
• Tingling
• Muscle twitching and spasms
Explanation: When the parathyroid gland is removed, the body may not produce
enough parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium and phosphorous
levels. The symptoms of hypocalcemia include peripheral numbness,
tingling, and muscle spasms. Aphasia is not a symptom of calcium
depletion. Polyuria and polydipsia are symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
(less)
Question 3: An adolescent is to receive radioactive iodine for Graves' disease.
(see full question) Which statement by the client reflects the need for more teaching?
You selected: "The advantage of radioactive iodine is that I will not need future
medication for my disease."
Correct
Explanation: Most clients will need lifelong thyroid replacement after treatments
with radioactive iodine. Most clients are treated as outpatients. To
reduce the risk of exposure to radioactivity to others, clients are advised
to avoid public places for at least 1 day and maintain a prudent distance
This study source was downloaded by 100000817935606 from CourseHero.com on 02-01-2022 08:00:29 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/14310702/endocrine-prep-u/
, from others for 2 to 3 days. Additionally, clients are advised to avoid
close contact with pregnant women and children for 5 to 11 days. The
use of radioiodine to treat Graves’ disease has not been found to affect
long-term fertility. Clients are taught not to share food, utensils, and
towels. Use of a private bathroom is desirable. Clients are also
instructed to flush the toilet more than one time after each use. (less)
Question 4: When caring for a client with diabetes insipidus, the nurse expects to
(see full question) administer:
You selected: vasopressin.
Correct
Explanation: Because diabetes insipidus results from decreased antidiuretic hormone
(vasopressin) production, the nurse should expect to administer
synthetic vasopressin for hormone replacement therapy. Furosemide, a
diuretic, is contraindicated because a client with diabetes insipidus
experiences polyuria. Insulin and dextrose are used to treat diabetes
mellitus and its complications, not diabetes insipidus. (less)
Question 5: A nurse is teaching an 8-year-old with diabetes and her parents about
(see full question) managing diabetes during illness. The nurse determines the parents
understand the instruction when they indicate that when the child is ill
they will provide:
You selected: less insulin.
Incorrect
Correct response: more insulin.
Explanation: The child needs more insulin during an illness, because the cells
become more insulin resistant during illness and need more insulin to
achieve a normal blood glucose level. Glucose levels rise with illness;
therefore, more food calories are not needed. During an acute illness,
simple carbohydrates and fluids are usually tolerated best. (less)
Question 6: Which findings should a nurse expect to assess in client with
(see full question) Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
You selected: Weight gain, decreased appetite, and constipation
Correct
Explanation: Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common
cause of hypothyroidism. It's seen most frequently in women older than
age 40. Signs and symptoms include weight gain, decreased appetite;
constipation; lethargy; dry cool skin; brittle nails; coarse hair; muscle
cramps; weakness; and sleep apnea. Weight loss, increased appetite,
and hyperdefecation are characteristic of hyperthyroidism. Weight loss,
increased urination, and increased thirst are characteristic of
uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Weight gain, increased urination, and
purplish-red striae are characteristic of hypercortisolism. (less)
This study source was downloaded by 100000817935606 from CourseHero.com on 02-01-2022 08:00:29 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/14310702/endocrine-prep-u/
(see full question) accompanied by nausea and vomiting over the past week is brought to
the facility. His wife reports that he acted confused and was extremely
weak when he awoke that morning. The client's blood pressure is 90/58
mm Hg, his pulse is 116 beats/minute, and his temperature is 101° F
(38.3° C). A diagnosis of acute adrenal insufficiency is made. What
should the nurse expect to administer by I.V. infusion?
You selected: Hypotonic saline
Incorrect
Correct response: Hydrocortisone
Explanation: Emergency treatment for acute adrenal insufficiency (addisonian crisis)
is I.V. infusion of hydrocortisone and saline solution. The client is
usually given a dose containing hydrocortisone 100 mg I.V. in normal
saline every 6 hours until blood pressure returns to normal. Insulin isn't
indicated in this situation because adrenal insufficiency is usually
associated with hypoglycemia. Potassium isn't indicated because these
clients are usually hyperkalemic. The client needs normal — not
hypotonic — saline solution. (less)
Question 2: A client is placed on hypocalcemia precautions after removal of the
(see full question) parathyroid gland for cancer. The nurse should observe the client for
which symptoms? Select all that apply.
You selected: • Aphasia
• Numbness
• Tingling
Incorrect
Correct response: • Numbness
• Tingling
• Muscle twitching and spasms
Explanation: When the parathyroid gland is removed, the body may not produce
enough parathyroid hormone to regulate calcium and phosphorous
levels. The symptoms of hypocalcemia include peripheral numbness,
tingling, and muscle spasms. Aphasia is not a symptom of calcium
depletion. Polyuria and polydipsia are symptoms of diabetes mellitus.
(less)
Question 3: An adolescent is to receive radioactive iodine for Graves' disease.
(see full question) Which statement by the client reflects the need for more teaching?
You selected: "The advantage of radioactive iodine is that I will not need future
medication for my disease."
Correct
Explanation: Most clients will need lifelong thyroid replacement after treatments
with radioactive iodine. Most clients are treated as outpatients. To
reduce the risk of exposure to radioactivity to others, clients are advised
to avoid public places for at least 1 day and maintain a prudent distance
This study source was downloaded by 100000817935606 from CourseHero.com on 02-01-2022 08:00:29 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/14310702/endocrine-prep-u/
, from others for 2 to 3 days. Additionally, clients are advised to avoid
close contact with pregnant women and children for 5 to 11 days. The
use of radioiodine to treat Graves’ disease has not been found to affect
long-term fertility. Clients are taught not to share food, utensils, and
towels. Use of a private bathroom is desirable. Clients are also
instructed to flush the toilet more than one time after each use. (less)
Question 4: When caring for a client with diabetes insipidus, the nurse expects to
(see full question) administer:
You selected: vasopressin.
Correct
Explanation: Because diabetes insipidus results from decreased antidiuretic hormone
(vasopressin) production, the nurse should expect to administer
synthetic vasopressin for hormone replacement therapy. Furosemide, a
diuretic, is contraindicated because a client with diabetes insipidus
experiences polyuria. Insulin and dextrose are used to treat diabetes
mellitus and its complications, not diabetes insipidus. (less)
Question 5: A nurse is teaching an 8-year-old with diabetes and her parents about
(see full question) managing diabetes during illness. The nurse determines the parents
understand the instruction when they indicate that when the child is ill
they will provide:
You selected: less insulin.
Incorrect
Correct response: more insulin.
Explanation: The child needs more insulin during an illness, because the cells
become more insulin resistant during illness and need more insulin to
achieve a normal blood glucose level. Glucose levels rise with illness;
therefore, more food calories are not needed. During an acute illness,
simple carbohydrates and fluids are usually tolerated best. (less)
Question 6: Which findings should a nurse expect to assess in client with
(see full question) Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
You selected: Weight gain, decreased appetite, and constipation
Correct
Explanation: Hashimoto's thyroiditis, an autoimmune disorder, is the most common
cause of hypothyroidism. It's seen most frequently in women older than
age 40. Signs and symptoms include weight gain, decreased appetite;
constipation; lethargy; dry cool skin; brittle nails; coarse hair; muscle
cramps; weakness; and sleep apnea. Weight loss, increased appetite,
and hyperdefecation are characteristic of hyperthyroidism. Weight loss,
increased urination, and increased thirst are characteristic of
uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Weight gain, increased urination, and
purplish-red striae are characteristic of hypercortisolism. (less)
This study source was downloaded by 100000817935606 from CourseHero.com on 02-01-2022 08:00:29 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/14310702/endocrine-prep-u/
