BIO 123 EXAM 3 ESSAY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BIO 123 EXAM 3 ESSAY QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 1. Distinguish between meiosis and mitosis in terms of: a. Purpose of the division b.Type of parent cells c. Are the daughter cells genetically identical or different? d. Are the daughter cells haploid or diploid? e. Number of daughter cells f. Number of divisions Mitosis is a simple cell division, ending up with two identical cells, each with both pairs of every gene. Meiosis is a cell division for gametes. This is a two-step process, and the four cells that remain have half the normal cells, so that when the gametes fuse at conception, there will be a new organization of DNA, from both parents. 2. Answer the questions using this cross. 1. Is it an autosomal recessive disorder, autosomal dominant disorder, or sex linked disorder? Explain. 2. If an hh (healthy) male were to reproduce with an hh (healthy) female, what percentage of the children would be affected with the disorder? 3. If an Hh (unhealthy) female and Hh (unhealthy) male were to reproduce, what percentage of their children would be affected with the disorder? 1. Autosomal Dominant Disorder. This type of disorder is one of the several ways that a trait or disorder can be passed down through families. If a disease is autosomal dominant, it means you need to get the abnormal gene from one parent in order for you to inherit the disease. 2. 25% 3. 75% 3. Explain how the cell cycle plays a role in the development of cancer. The cell cycle, the process by which cells progress and divides, lies at the heart of cancer. In normal cells, the cell cycle is controlled by a complex series of signaling pathways by which a cell grows, replicates its DNA and divides. When something malfunctions is the cell cycle, genetic mutations are caused, which lead to uncontrollable multiplications of cells, thus leading to carcinogenesis or tumor d