FINAL HESI
1. Most common Ca in women – BREAST
MOST COMMON DEATH (WOMAN OR MEN) FROM CA lung cancer
Breast cancer is the leading cancer for women in the US. Lung cancer is the second most
common form of cancer and colorectal cancer is third among white women. The number
2 and 3 cancers are reversed among black and Asian/Pacific Island women. For all
women, the fourth leading cancer is cancer of the uterus.
For Men: Prostate cancer is the leading cancer for men in the US. It is followed by lung
cancer and then colorectal cancer.
MOST COMMON DEATH (WOMAN OR MEN) FROM CA lung cancer
2. Burn in 3 yr old- remove clothes and cover w/sheet
Remove any clothes from the injured area. Remember that in the case of a chemical burn,
you’ll want to flush the area with water for several minutes before removing any clothes.
Run cool water over the wound for at least five minutes or until your tot seems to be in
less pain. Or put a clean, cool wet cloth (or washcloth) on the burn for several minutes or
until her pain subsides — you’ll probably need to continue re-wetting the cloth to keep it
cool. Do NOT apply ice, butter, or powder to the injury since this could aggravate it. And
do NOT break any blisters since this makes the wound more vulnerable to infection.
Gently pat the skin dry and cover it loosely with a nonstick sterile bandage or gauze to
protect the skin.
applying aloe or another topical ointment like Silvadene for treating a burn, but minor
burns usually heal without much more treatment. Just watch for signs of infection —
redness, fever, swelling, or oozing. avoid exposing the area to sunlight for several months
to prevent child’s skin from becoming discolored.
3. Type of burn w/ 50% body, burn on torso, left arm and leg- increase mortality rate
4. Pagets disease of the breast- redness, scaling, and flaking on and around the nipple
and areola ( also known as Ductal carcinoma in situ)
5. Pagets disease of the bone- is a chronic condition disorder of the normal bone
remodeling process, cause brittle bone
New bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue. Over time, the disease can cause affected
bones to become fragile and misshapen. Paget's disease of bone most commonly occurs in
the pelvis, skull, spine and legs.
Diagnosis: X-ray, Bone scan, alkaline phosphatase is elevated.
Tt: Biphosphonates - Alendronate (Fosamax)
Ibandronate (Boniva)
6. 2cm nodule, 2 cm next to areola, non tender - intraductal papliloma
, Solitary papillomas or solitary intraductal papillomas are single tumors that often grow
in the large milk ducts near the nipple. They are a common cause of clear or bloody
nipple discharge, especially when it comes from only one breast. They may be felt as a
small lump behind or next to the nipple. They do not raise breast cancer risk unless they
contain other changes, such as atypical hyperplasia.
Papillomas may also be found in small ducts in areas of the breast further from the
nipple. In this case there are often several growths (multiple papillomas). These tumors
are less likely to cause nipple discharge. Unlike single papillomas, multiple papillomas
are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
7. Scarlet fever- Sandpaper
Becterial illness caused by group A streptococcus with bright red rash that covers most of the
body, a sore throat, and a high fever and enlarged neck lymph nodes
Tt: penicillins and amoxicillin
8. 17 w/viral infection on camping trip now diabetic - DMTP1
9. Child w/increase heart rate on inspiration and decrease on expiration -Cardiac
arrythmia
Sinus arrhythmia refers to a normal variation in the heart rhythm caused by breathing. It
is not a true arrhythmia, in the sense that it is not a truly abnormal heart rhythm. In fact,
in most cases sinus arrhythmia is actually a sign of a healthy, well functioning heart.
Sinus arrhythmia is a normal physiological phenomenon, most commnonly seen in
young, healthy people. The heart rate varies due to reflex changes in vagal tone during
the different stages of the respiratory cycle. Inspiration increases the heart rate by
decreasing vagal tone.
10. Fundal height 2 finger breathe below umbilicus- 16/18 weeks
11. 20 weeks is at the umbilicus
12. Rx to prevent PCP in HIV patient- Bactrim (trimethoprim sulfam)
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ, trade names Bactrim or Septra) is the drug of
choice for prophylaxis of all forms of pneumocystosis. The preferred regimen is one double
strength tablet daily, but one single strength tablet daily or one double-strength three times
weekly is acceptable.
13. Decrease calcium, increase phosphorous- Hypoparathyroidism
The low production of PTH in hypoparathyroidism leads to abnormally low ionized calcium
levels in your blood and bones and to an increase of serum phosphorus.
Normal serum magnesium levels are required for optimum secretion of parathyroid hormone.
S/S: Tingling or burning (paresthesias) in your fingertips, toes and lips
1. Most common Ca in women – BREAST
MOST COMMON DEATH (WOMAN OR MEN) FROM CA lung cancer
Breast cancer is the leading cancer for women in the US. Lung cancer is the second most
common form of cancer and colorectal cancer is third among white women. The number
2 and 3 cancers are reversed among black and Asian/Pacific Island women. For all
women, the fourth leading cancer is cancer of the uterus.
For Men: Prostate cancer is the leading cancer for men in the US. It is followed by lung
cancer and then colorectal cancer.
MOST COMMON DEATH (WOMAN OR MEN) FROM CA lung cancer
2. Burn in 3 yr old- remove clothes and cover w/sheet
Remove any clothes from the injured area. Remember that in the case of a chemical burn,
you’ll want to flush the area with water for several minutes before removing any clothes.
Run cool water over the wound for at least five minutes or until your tot seems to be in
less pain. Or put a clean, cool wet cloth (or washcloth) on the burn for several minutes or
until her pain subsides — you’ll probably need to continue re-wetting the cloth to keep it
cool. Do NOT apply ice, butter, or powder to the injury since this could aggravate it. And
do NOT break any blisters since this makes the wound more vulnerable to infection.
Gently pat the skin dry and cover it loosely with a nonstick sterile bandage or gauze to
protect the skin.
applying aloe or another topical ointment like Silvadene for treating a burn, but minor
burns usually heal without much more treatment. Just watch for signs of infection —
redness, fever, swelling, or oozing. avoid exposing the area to sunlight for several months
to prevent child’s skin from becoming discolored.
3. Type of burn w/ 50% body, burn on torso, left arm and leg- increase mortality rate
4. Pagets disease of the breast- redness, scaling, and flaking on and around the nipple
and areola ( also known as Ductal carcinoma in situ)
5. Pagets disease of the bone- is a chronic condition disorder of the normal bone
remodeling process, cause brittle bone
New bone tissue gradually replaces old bone tissue. Over time, the disease can cause affected
bones to become fragile and misshapen. Paget's disease of bone most commonly occurs in
the pelvis, skull, spine and legs.
Diagnosis: X-ray, Bone scan, alkaline phosphatase is elevated.
Tt: Biphosphonates - Alendronate (Fosamax)
Ibandronate (Boniva)
6. 2cm nodule, 2 cm next to areola, non tender - intraductal papliloma
, Solitary papillomas or solitary intraductal papillomas are single tumors that often grow
in the large milk ducts near the nipple. They are a common cause of clear or bloody
nipple discharge, especially when it comes from only one breast. They may be felt as a
small lump behind or next to the nipple. They do not raise breast cancer risk unless they
contain other changes, such as atypical hyperplasia.
Papillomas may also be found in small ducts in areas of the breast further from the
nipple. In this case there are often several growths (multiple papillomas). These tumors
are less likely to cause nipple discharge. Unlike single papillomas, multiple papillomas
are linked to an increased risk of breast cancer.
7. Scarlet fever- Sandpaper
Becterial illness caused by group A streptococcus with bright red rash that covers most of the
body, a sore throat, and a high fever and enlarged neck lymph nodes
Tt: penicillins and amoxicillin
8. 17 w/viral infection on camping trip now diabetic - DMTP1
9. Child w/increase heart rate on inspiration and decrease on expiration -Cardiac
arrythmia
Sinus arrhythmia refers to a normal variation in the heart rhythm caused by breathing. It
is not a true arrhythmia, in the sense that it is not a truly abnormal heart rhythm. In fact,
in most cases sinus arrhythmia is actually a sign of a healthy, well functioning heart.
Sinus arrhythmia is a normal physiological phenomenon, most commnonly seen in
young, healthy people. The heart rate varies due to reflex changes in vagal tone during
the different stages of the respiratory cycle. Inspiration increases the heart rate by
decreasing vagal tone.
10. Fundal height 2 finger breathe below umbilicus- 16/18 weeks
11. 20 weeks is at the umbilicus
12. Rx to prevent PCP in HIV patient- Bactrim (trimethoprim sulfam)
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ, trade names Bactrim or Septra) is the drug of
choice for prophylaxis of all forms of pneumocystosis. The preferred regimen is one double
strength tablet daily, but one single strength tablet daily or one double-strength three times
weekly is acceptable.
13. Decrease calcium, increase phosphorous- Hypoparathyroidism
The low production of PTH in hypoparathyroidism leads to abnormally low ionized calcium
levels in your blood and bones and to an increase of serum phosphorus.
Normal serum magnesium levels are required for optimum secretion of parathyroid hormone.
S/S: Tingling or burning (paresthesias) in your fingertips, toes and lips
