NSG 310 Exam IV Blueprint - Spring 2020
Sensory (6)
Assessment of sensory perception
• Persons at risk based on diagnosis
• Mental status
• Recent changes in sensory stimulation
• Use of sensory aids
• Social support: who may be able to check in on you or help you
• Focused assessment of vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and balance
• Sensory alteration history
• Physical assessment
• LOC
• Communication methods
• Use of assistive devices based upon the patients needs or level of competence
• Assess environment: ex- rugs are a bad idea for elderly patients
Promoting optimal sensory function
Optimal sensory function requires periodic health screening along with early identification and
treatment of health problems. Comprehensive healthcare is the ideal approach, because sensory
problems are often related to other health disorders.
Vision Teaching
• Have regular eye exams
➢ Infants and preschoolers: screen at routine office visits.
➢ Young adults: complete eye exam at least three times between the ages of 20 and 39.
➢ At age 40: have baseline screening, and based on that info the ophthalmologist will
determine how frequently you need to be re-examined.
➢ Age 65+: complete eye exam every 1 to 2 years to check for cataracts and other eye
conditions.
• If you are at risk for eye disease, have more frequent eye exams, regardless of your age. For
example, if you: (1) take steroids, (2) are of African ancestry, (3) have a family history of eye
disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure, (4) or have any symptom.
• Call your healthcare provider for examination if you are experiencing any eye pain, discharge, a
change in vision, or bleeding.
• Have your prescriptions for glasses or contact lenses reviewed at each screening and updated if
needed.
• Be sure that visual screening is done at your child’s elementary school.
• Work with your primary healthcare provider to control conditions such as hypertension and
diabetes.
• If pregnant, obtain early and adequate prenatal care to prevent danger of premature birth and
exposure of the newborn to high-volume oxygen.
, • Keep sharp or pointed tools out of reach of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers.
• Teach children to walk carefully with tool point downward when carrying pointed tools or other
objects.
• Teach children to stay away from projectile activities such as lawn mowing.
• Keep the child away from firearms and fireworks.
• Insist that your child use eye protection when playing sports such as tennis or baseball.
• Insist that children wear helmets when skating or riding bicycles and that teenagers wear
helmets when riding motorcycles.
• For children who wear glasses, be sure the lenses are made of shatterproof safety glass.
Hearing Teaching
• Auditory screening is often performed in elementary school; however, most adults do not have
their hearing screen regularly. If you work in an area with a high noise level, you should have
your hearing checked regularly. Early detection may prevent hearing loss.
• If you are pregnant: obtain early prenatal care, avoid ototoxic drugs, be sure you are tested for
syphilis and rubella, and avoid anyone you suspect may have rubella.
• Children with frequent ear infections require evaluation to determine whether hearing loss has
occurred.
➢ Middle and older adults may begin to experience difficultly distinguishing voices in a
crowd or hearing the television or radio. These are indications of hearing loss and
should be evaluated; you may need a hearing aid.
• Hearing loss is not a natural part of aging.
Taste Teaching
• Dental health is an important aspect of maintaining taste. Decayed teeth, gum disease, and
other disorders of the mouth may affect the ability to taste. Have your teeth cleaned and
examined at least yearly. You may need additional dental work to promote oral health.
Interventions for confused clients
• Reorient frequently
o State your name, day, date, time
o Provide clocks, calendars
o Visual clues to time
o Use personal belongings
• Maintain safe environment
• Communicate clearly and slowly
o Respond to feelings
o Use gestures
• Limit choices
• Promote feelings of security
• Use alternative therapies
• Keep them busy
Neuropathy risks for injury
Sensory (6)
Assessment of sensory perception
• Persons at risk based on diagnosis
• Mental status
• Recent changes in sensory stimulation
• Use of sensory aids
• Social support: who may be able to check in on you or help you
• Focused assessment of vision, hearing, taste, smell, touch, and balance
• Sensory alteration history
• Physical assessment
• LOC
• Communication methods
• Use of assistive devices based upon the patients needs or level of competence
• Assess environment: ex- rugs are a bad idea for elderly patients
Promoting optimal sensory function
Optimal sensory function requires periodic health screening along with early identification and
treatment of health problems. Comprehensive healthcare is the ideal approach, because sensory
problems are often related to other health disorders.
Vision Teaching
• Have regular eye exams
➢ Infants and preschoolers: screen at routine office visits.
➢ Young adults: complete eye exam at least three times between the ages of 20 and 39.
➢ At age 40: have baseline screening, and based on that info the ophthalmologist will
determine how frequently you need to be re-examined.
➢ Age 65+: complete eye exam every 1 to 2 years to check for cataracts and other eye
conditions.
• If you are at risk for eye disease, have more frequent eye exams, regardless of your age. For
example, if you: (1) take steroids, (2) are of African ancestry, (3) have a family history of eye
disease, diabetes, or high blood pressure, (4) or have any symptom.
• Call your healthcare provider for examination if you are experiencing any eye pain, discharge, a
change in vision, or bleeding.
• Have your prescriptions for glasses or contact lenses reviewed at each screening and updated if
needed.
• Be sure that visual screening is done at your child’s elementary school.
• Work with your primary healthcare provider to control conditions such as hypertension and
diabetes.
• If pregnant, obtain early and adequate prenatal care to prevent danger of premature birth and
exposure of the newborn to high-volume oxygen.
, • Keep sharp or pointed tools out of reach of infants, toddlers, and preschoolers.
• Teach children to walk carefully with tool point downward when carrying pointed tools or other
objects.
• Teach children to stay away from projectile activities such as lawn mowing.
• Keep the child away from firearms and fireworks.
• Insist that your child use eye protection when playing sports such as tennis or baseball.
• Insist that children wear helmets when skating or riding bicycles and that teenagers wear
helmets when riding motorcycles.
• For children who wear glasses, be sure the lenses are made of shatterproof safety glass.
Hearing Teaching
• Auditory screening is often performed in elementary school; however, most adults do not have
their hearing screen regularly. If you work in an area with a high noise level, you should have
your hearing checked regularly. Early detection may prevent hearing loss.
• If you are pregnant: obtain early prenatal care, avoid ototoxic drugs, be sure you are tested for
syphilis and rubella, and avoid anyone you suspect may have rubella.
• Children with frequent ear infections require evaluation to determine whether hearing loss has
occurred.
➢ Middle and older adults may begin to experience difficultly distinguishing voices in a
crowd or hearing the television or radio. These are indications of hearing loss and
should be evaluated; you may need a hearing aid.
• Hearing loss is not a natural part of aging.
Taste Teaching
• Dental health is an important aspect of maintaining taste. Decayed teeth, gum disease, and
other disorders of the mouth may affect the ability to taste. Have your teeth cleaned and
examined at least yearly. You may need additional dental work to promote oral health.
Interventions for confused clients
• Reorient frequently
o State your name, day, date, time
o Provide clocks, calendars
o Visual clues to time
o Use personal belongings
• Maintain safe environment
• Communicate clearly and slowly
o Respond to feelings
o Use gestures
• Limit choices
• Promote feelings of security
• Use alternative therapies
• Keep them busy
Neuropathy risks for injury
