HESI Fundamentals Test B Updated 2022
What is the rationale for using the nursing process in planning care for clients?
A. As a scientific process to identify nursing diagnoses of a clients' healthcare problems.
B. To establish nursing theory that incorporates the biopsychosocial nature of humans.
C. As a tool to organize thinking and clinical decision making about clients' healthcare needs.
D. To promote the management of client care in collaboration with other healthcare
professionals. - Correct Answer: C)
What activity should the nurse use in the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
A. Ask a client to evaluate the nursing care provided.
B. Document the nursing care plan in the progress notes.
C. Determine whether a client's health problems have been alleviated.
D. Examine the effectiveness of nursing interventions toward meeting client outcomes. - Correct
Answer: D
Which statement is an example of a correctly written nursing diagnosis statement?
A. Altered tissue perfusion related to congestive heart failure.
B. Altered urinary elimination related to urinary tract infection.
C. Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to client's refusal to turn.
D. Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results. - Correct Answer: D
What action by the nurse demonstrates culturally sensitive care?
A. Asks permission before touching a client.
B. Avoids questions about male-female relationships.
C. Explains the differences between Western medical care and cultural folk remedies.
D. Applies knowledge of a cultural group unless a client embraces Western customs. - Correct
Answer: A
A nurse is becoming increasingly frustrated by the family members' efforts to participate in the
care of a hospitalized client. What action should the nurse implement to cope with these feelings
of frustration?
A. Suggest that other cultural practices be substituted by the family members.
B. Examine one's own culturally based values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices.
C. Explain to the family that multiple visitors are exhausting to the client.
D. Allow the situation to continue until a family member's action may harm the client. - Correct
Answer: B
Which technique is most important for the nurse to implement when performing a physical
assessment?
A. A head-to-toe approach.
B. The medical systems model.
C. A consistent, systematic approach.
D. An approach related to a nursing model. - Correct Answer: C
,A 73-year-old Hispanic client is seen at the community health clinic with a history of protein
malnutrition. What information should the nurse obtain first?
A. Amount of liquid protein supplements consumed daily.
B. Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
C. Usual weekly intake of milk products and red meats.
D. Grains and legume combinations used by the client. - Correct Answer: B
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of, "Ineffective health maintenance related to lack of
motivation" for a client with Type 2 diabetes. Which finding supports this nursing diagnosis?
A. Does not check capillary blood glucose as directed.
B. Occasionally forgets to take daily prescribed medication.
C. Cannot identify signs or symptoms of high and low blood glucose.
D. Eats anything and does not think diet makes a difference in health. - Correct Answer: D
Which statement correctly identifies a written learning objective for a client with peripheral
vascular disease?
A. The nurse will provide client instruction for daily foot care.
B. The client will demonstrate proper trimming toenail technique.
C. Upon discharge, the client will list three ways to protect the feet from injury.
D. After instruction, the nurse will ensure the client understands foot care rationale. - Correct
Answer: C
A middle-aged woman who enjoys being a teacher and mentor feels that she should pass down
her legacy of knowledge and skills to the younger generation. According to Erikson, she is
involved in what developmental stage?
A. Generativity.
B. Ego integrity.
C. Identification.
D. Valuing wisdom. - Correct Answer: A
Which statement best describes durable power of attorney for health care?
A. The client signs a document that designates another person to make legally binding healthcare
decisions if client is unable to do so.
B. The healthcare decisions made by another person designated by the client are not legally
binding.
C. Instructions about actions to be taken in the event of a client's terminal or irreversible
condition are not legally binding.
D. Directions regarding care in the event of a terminal or irreversible condition must be
documented to ensure that they are legally binding. - Correct Answer: A
A male client with an infected wound tells the nurse that he follows a macrobiotic diet. Which
type of foods should the nurse recommend that the client select from the hospital menu?
A. Low fat and low sodium foods.
B. Combination of plant proteins to provide essential amino acids.
C. Limited complex carbohydrates and fiber.
D. Increased amount of vitamin C and beta carotene rich foods. - Correct Answer: B
, A client with Raynaud's disease asks the nurse about using biofeedback for self-management of
symptoms. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
A. The responses to biofeedback have not been well established and may be a waste of time and
money.
B. Biofeedback requires extensive training to retrain voluntary muscles, not involuntary
responses.
C. Although biofeedback is easily learned, it is mostly often used to manage exacerbation of
symptoms.
D. Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote peripheral
vasodilation. - Correct Answer: D
A female client informs the nurse that she uses herbal therapies to supplement her diet and
manage common ailments. What information should the nurse offer the client about general use
of herbal supplements?
A. Most herbs are toxic or carcinogenic and should be used only when proven effective.
B. There is no evidence that herbs are safe or effective as compared to conventional supplements
in maintaining health.
C. Herbs should be obtained from manufacturers with a history of quality control of their
supplements.
D. Herbal therapies may mask the symptoms of serious disease, so frequent medical evaluation is
required during use. - Correct Answer: C
A female client who has breast cancer with metastasis to the liver and spine is admitted with
constant, severe pain despite around-the-clock use of oxycodone (Percodan) and amitriptyline
(Elavil) for pain control at home. During the admission assessment, which information is most
important for the nurse to obtain?
A. Sensory pattern, area, intensity, and nature of the pain.
B. Trigger points identified by palpation and manual pressure of painful areas.
C. Schedule and total dosages of drugs currently used for breakthrough pain.
D. Sympathetic responses consistent with onset of acute pain. - Correct Answer: A
A client who has moderate, persistent, chronic neuropathic pain due to diabetic neuropathy takes
gabapentin (Neurontin) and ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) daily. If Step 2 of the World Health
Organization (WHO) pain relief ladder is prescribed, which drug protocol should be
implemented?
A. Continue gabapentin.
B. Discontinue ibuprofen.
C. Add aspirin to the protocol.
D. Add oral methadone to the protocol. - Correct Answer: A
To obtain the most complete assessment data for a client with chronic pain, which information
should the nurse obtain?
A. Can you describe where your pain is the most severe?
B. What is your pain intensity on a scale of 1 to 10?
C. Is your pain best described as aching, throbbing, or sharp?
What is the rationale for using the nursing process in planning care for clients?
A. As a scientific process to identify nursing diagnoses of a clients' healthcare problems.
B. To establish nursing theory that incorporates the biopsychosocial nature of humans.
C. As a tool to organize thinking and clinical decision making about clients' healthcare needs.
D. To promote the management of client care in collaboration with other healthcare
professionals. - Correct Answer: C)
What activity should the nurse use in the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
A. Ask a client to evaluate the nursing care provided.
B. Document the nursing care plan in the progress notes.
C. Determine whether a client's health problems have been alleviated.
D. Examine the effectiveness of nursing interventions toward meeting client outcomes. - Correct
Answer: D
Which statement is an example of a correctly written nursing diagnosis statement?
A. Altered tissue perfusion related to congestive heart failure.
B. Altered urinary elimination related to urinary tract infection.
C. Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to client's refusal to turn.
D. Ineffective coping related to response to positive biopsy test results. - Correct Answer: D
What action by the nurse demonstrates culturally sensitive care?
A. Asks permission before touching a client.
B. Avoids questions about male-female relationships.
C. Explains the differences between Western medical care and cultural folk remedies.
D. Applies knowledge of a cultural group unless a client embraces Western customs. - Correct
Answer: A
A nurse is becoming increasingly frustrated by the family members' efforts to participate in the
care of a hospitalized client. What action should the nurse implement to cope with these feelings
of frustration?
A. Suggest that other cultural practices be substituted by the family members.
B. Examine one's own culturally based values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices.
C. Explain to the family that multiple visitors are exhausting to the client.
D. Allow the situation to continue until a family member's action may harm the client. - Correct
Answer: B
Which technique is most important for the nurse to implement when performing a physical
assessment?
A. A head-to-toe approach.
B. The medical systems model.
C. A consistent, systematic approach.
D. An approach related to a nursing model. - Correct Answer: C
,A 73-year-old Hispanic client is seen at the community health clinic with a history of protein
malnutrition. What information should the nurse obtain first?
A. Amount of liquid protein supplements consumed daily.
B. Foods and liquids consumed during the past 24 hours.
C. Usual weekly intake of milk products and red meats.
D. Grains and legume combinations used by the client. - Correct Answer: B
The nurse formulates the nursing diagnosis of, "Ineffective health maintenance related to lack of
motivation" for a client with Type 2 diabetes. Which finding supports this nursing diagnosis?
A. Does not check capillary blood glucose as directed.
B. Occasionally forgets to take daily prescribed medication.
C. Cannot identify signs or symptoms of high and low blood glucose.
D. Eats anything and does not think diet makes a difference in health. - Correct Answer: D
Which statement correctly identifies a written learning objective for a client with peripheral
vascular disease?
A. The nurse will provide client instruction for daily foot care.
B. The client will demonstrate proper trimming toenail technique.
C. Upon discharge, the client will list three ways to protect the feet from injury.
D. After instruction, the nurse will ensure the client understands foot care rationale. - Correct
Answer: C
A middle-aged woman who enjoys being a teacher and mentor feels that she should pass down
her legacy of knowledge and skills to the younger generation. According to Erikson, she is
involved in what developmental stage?
A. Generativity.
B. Ego integrity.
C. Identification.
D. Valuing wisdom. - Correct Answer: A
Which statement best describes durable power of attorney for health care?
A. The client signs a document that designates another person to make legally binding healthcare
decisions if client is unable to do so.
B. The healthcare decisions made by another person designated by the client are not legally
binding.
C. Instructions about actions to be taken in the event of a client's terminal or irreversible
condition are not legally binding.
D. Directions regarding care in the event of a terminal or irreversible condition must be
documented to ensure that they are legally binding. - Correct Answer: A
A male client with an infected wound tells the nurse that he follows a macrobiotic diet. Which
type of foods should the nurse recommend that the client select from the hospital menu?
A. Low fat and low sodium foods.
B. Combination of plant proteins to provide essential amino acids.
C. Limited complex carbohydrates and fiber.
D. Increased amount of vitamin C and beta carotene rich foods. - Correct Answer: B
, A client with Raynaud's disease asks the nurse about using biofeedback for self-management of
symptoms. What response is best for the nurse to provide?
A. The responses to biofeedback have not been well established and may be a waste of time and
money.
B. Biofeedback requires extensive training to retrain voluntary muscles, not involuntary
responses.
C. Although biofeedback is easily learned, it is mostly often used to manage exacerbation of
symptoms.
D. Biofeedback allows the client to control involuntary responses to promote peripheral
vasodilation. - Correct Answer: D
A female client informs the nurse that she uses herbal therapies to supplement her diet and
manage common ailments. What information should the nurse offer the client about general use
of herbal supplements?
A. Most herbs are toxic or carcinogenic and should be used only when proven effective.
B. There is no evidence that herbs are safe or effective as compared to conventional supplements
in maintaining health.
C. Herbs should be obtained from manufacturers with a history of quality control of their
supplements.
D. Herbal therapies may mask the symptoms of serious disease, so frequent medical evaluation is
required during use. - Correct Answer: C
A female client who has breast cancer with metastasis to the liver and spine is admitted with
constant, severe pain despite around-the-clock use of oxycodone (Percodan) and amitriptyline
(Elavil) for pain control at home. During the admission assessment, which information is most
important for the nurse to obtain?
A. Sensory pattern, area, intensity, and nature of the pain.
B. Trigger points identified by palpation and manual pressure of painful areas.
C. Schedule and total dosages of drugs currently used for breakthrough pain.
D. Sympathetic responses consistent with onset of acute pain. - Correct Answer: A
A client who has moderate, persistent, chronic neuropathic pain due to diabetic neuropathy takes
gabapentin (Neurontin) and ibuprofen (Motrin, Advil) daily. If Step 2 of the World Health
Organization (WHO) pain relief ladder is prescribed, which drug protocol should be
implemented?
A. Continue gabapentin.
B. Discontinue ibuprofen.
C. Add aspirin to the protocol.
D. Add oral methadone to the protocol. - Correct Answer: A
To obtain the most complete assessment data for a client with chronic pain, which information
should the nurse obtain?
A. Can you describe where your pain is the most severe?
B. What is your pain intensity on a scale of 1 to 10?
C. Is your pain best described as aching, throbbing, or sharp?
