TEST BANK FOR GORDIS EPIDEMIOLOGY 6TH EDITION BYCELENTANO

Chapter 02: The Dynamics of Disease Transmission Celentano: Gordis Epidemiology, 6th Edition Test Bank MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which term most accurately describes the following definition? “The occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other healthrelated events clearly in excess of normal expectancy.” [Porta M, ed. A Dictionary of Epidemiology. New York: Oxford University Press; 2014.] a. Endemic b. Epidemic c. Pandemic d. Attack rate e. Incubation period ANS: B An epidemic is the occurrence of health-related events in a community or region, in clear excess of normal expectation. Endemic is not true because it is defined as the constant occurrence of a disease, disorder, or noxious infectious agent in a geographic area or population group. Pandemic is not true because it is defined as an epidemic occurring over a very wide area, crossing internationUal bSounNdarTies, andOusually affecting a large number of people. Attack rate is not true because it is defined as number of people at risk in whom a certain illness develops over total number of people at risk. Incubation period is not true because it is the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms). 2. What is the most accurate definition of the incubation period (of an infectious disease)? a. The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms b. The interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms) c. The time of invasion by an infectious agent d. The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent e. The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness ANS: B The incubation period is defined as the interval from receipt of infection to the time of onset of clinical illness (the onset of recognizable symptoms); in other words, the time between the moment of developing symptoms and the moment of invasion by an infectious agent. “The time of onset of clinical illness or the onset of recognizable symptoms” is not true as it corresponds to “time of onset.” “The time of invasion by an infectious agent” is not true as it corresponds to “time of infection.” “The time between initiation of infection and first shedding or excretion of the agent” and “The period between exposure and the onset of infectiousness” are not true as they correspond to the latent period. (The latent period is