ADVANCEDPHARMACOLOGYWEEK8I
NITI
AL
DISCUSSI
ON2021
HI
V/AI
DS
HI
Vist
hev
ir
ust
hatc
aus
esa
cqu
ire
dimmu
nod
efi
ci
enc
ysy
ndr
ome(
AIDS)
(
Arc
ang
eloe
t.a
l.
,20
17)
.HI
Vin
fec
ti
onr
ate
sha
ver
eac
hede
pid
emi
cpr
opor
ti
onov
er
t
hel
astt
hre
ede
cad
esa
ndTh
eWor
ldHe
alt
hOr
gan
iza
tion(
WHO)e
sti
mat
est
hat
a
ppr
oxi
mat
el
y35mi
l
li
onp
eop
lewor
ldwi
dea
rei
nfe
cte
d,wi
thmor
eth
ant
wot
hir
dsof
c
ase
soc
cur
ri
ngi
nsu
b-Sa
har
anAf
ri
ca(
Arc
ang
eloe
t.a
l.
,20
17)
.Th
eHI
Vpa
nde
mic
i
snotont
rac
ktoe
ndb
y20
30a
ndc
urr
enta
ppr
oac
hest
oHI
Vcon
trol
aren
ote
nou
gh
t
ocon
tro
lit
,ac
cor
din
gtoan
ewL
anc
etCommi
ssi
onl
edb
yth
eIn
ter
nat
ion
alAI
DS
Soc
iet
y(Th
eLa
nce
t,2
018
).
Tod
ay,
ane
sti
mat
ed2
0.9mi
l
li
onoft
he3
6.7mi
l
li
onp
eop
lel
i
vin
gwi
th
HI
V/AI
DSr
ece
ivet
rea
tme
nt,
mos
toft
heml
i
vin
gint
hep
oorc
oun
tri
eswh
eret
he
d
ise
asei
smos
tpr
eva
len
t(Br
ink
,20
18)
.Pu
bli
che
alt
hme
asu
rest
ake
nin
clu
de
r
edu
cin
gth
epr
ic
esonAI
DSd
rug
san
dse
tti
ngu
pth
ein
fra
str
uct
uret
odi
st
ri
but
e
t
hemt
ope
opl
einp
oorc
oun
tri
es.
Alt
hou
ght
rea
tme
nte
ffor
tsh
avei
mpr
ove
d,
p
rev
ent
ionofHI
Vin
fec
ti
onsh
aves
eeme
dtos
tal
l
.Th
erea
rea
bou
ttwomi
l
li
onn
ew
c
ase
sea
chy
ears
inc
e20
05(
Bri
nk,
201
8).
Ch
all
eng
es
Gr
eats
tri
desh
aveb
eenma
dei
nth
epa
stt
hre
ede
cad
est
oha
lta
ndr
eve
rset
hes
pre
adof
HI
V.An
tir
etr
ovi
ralt
her
apy(
ART)
,inc
omb
ina
tionwi
thot
herHI
Vpr
eve
nti
onme
thod
s,p
lay
sa
u
niqu
ean
des
sen
tia
lrol
eint
hisob
jec
ti
ve,
wit
hit
spot
ent
ialt
obot
hra
dic
all
yre
duc
eil
l
nes
san
d
d
eat
hamon
gpe
opl
eli
vi
ngwi
thHI
Van
dpr
eve
ntn
ewHI
Vin
fec
ti
ons(
Sid
ibée
t.a
l.
,20
14)
.
Accordi
ngtoSidi
béet
.al
.(
2014),
HIVtr
eatmenti
ssti
ll
on l
yrea
ching
about34%ofthe28.
6mill
i
onpeoplecl
i
nical
lyel
i
gib
leforART.Equal
l
y
tr
oubli
ng,onl
y3of10chi
ldr
enli
vingwi
thHIVhaveacc
e sst
oARTi nt
he
21prior
it
ycount
ri
esinsu
b-Sah
aranAfr
icata
rget
edbytheGlobal
Plan
, Towar
dst
heEli
min
ati
onofNe
wHI
VIn
fec
ti
onsa
mon
gCh
il
dre
nby2
015
(Si
di
béet
.al
.
,2014)
.
Wor
ldwi
de,
44%ofa
lln
ewHI
Vin
fec
ti
onsoc
cur
redi
npe
opl
efr
om
ma
rgi
nal
i
zedg
rou
ps(
suc
hasg
aya
ndb
ise
xua
lme
n,p
eop
lewh
oin
jec
tdr
ugs
,se
x
wo
rke
rs,
tra
nsg
end
erp
eop
le,
andt
hes
exp
art
ner
sofp
eop
lei
nth
eseg
rou
ps)
,an
d
h
eal
ths
yst
emss
tru
ggl
etor
eac
han
den
gag
eth
eseg
rou
ps(
TheL
anc
et,
201
8).
Man
y
p
eop
lewh
oar
eath
ighr
is
kforAI
DSma
yfe
elu
nwe
lcomeorr
efu
set
ogot
oAI
DS
c
li
ni
csb
eca
useofs
ti
gmas
urr
oun
din
gth
edi
sea
se.
HIVf
und
ingh
asa
lsob
een
s
tag
nan
tan
dbi
l
li
onsofd
oll
arss
hor
toft
hea
mou
ntn
eed
edt
oac
hie
veUNAI
DS
t
arg
ets
,att
hes
amet
imea
sth
enu
mbe
rofp
eop
len
eed
ingARTa
reg
rowi
ng.
The
u
rge
nte
ffor
tst
oen
sur
eth
ata
llp
eop
lec
li
ni
cal
l
yel
i
gib
lef
ort
rea
tme
nth
ave
u
nin
ter
rup
tedARTa
cce
ssn
eedt
obec
oup
ledwi
ths
tre
ngt
hen
edHI
Vpr
eve
nti
on
e
ffor
ts,
ena
bli
ngp
oli
ci
est
hate
xte
ndt
her
eac
han
dimp
actofp
rev
ent
iona
nd
t
rea
tme
ntp
rog
rams
,imme
dia
tea
cti
onst
hate
li
min
ateHI
V-r
ela
teds
ti
gmaa
nd
d
isc
ri
min
ati
on,
andar
esp
ons
egr
oun
dedi
nth
epr
inc
ipl
esofh
uma
nri
ght
san
d
g
end
ere
qua
li
ty(
Sid
ibée
t.a
l.
,20
14)
.
Tr
eat
men
t
An
tir
etr
ovi
ral
tre
atme
nt(
ART)a
red
rug
sus
edt
otr
eatHI
V.ARTme
dic
ati
ons
a
ren
otac
uref
orHI
V,b
utt
heyd
ohe
lpc
ont
rol
HIVa
ndh
elpp
ati
ent
sli
veah
eal
thi
er
l
i
fe.
ARTwor
kbyk
eep
ingt
hel
eve
lofHI
Vvi
ral
loa
dint
heb
odyl
ow,
all
owi
ngt
he
i
mmu
nes
yst
emt
ore
cov
era
nd
NITI
AL
DISCUSSI
ON2021
HI
V/AI
DS
HI
Vist
hev
ir
ust
hatc
aus
esa
cqu
ire
dimmu
nod
efi
ci
enc
ysy
ndr
ome(
AIDS)
(
Arc
ang
eloe
t.a
l.
,20
17)
.HI
Vin
fec
ti
onr
ate
sha
ver
eac
hede
pid
emi
cpr
opor
ti
onov
er
t
hel
astt
hre
ede
cad
esa
ndTh
eWor
ldHe
alt
hOr
gan
iza
tion(
WHO)e
sti
mat
est
hat
a
ppr
oxi
mat
el
y35mi
l
li
onp
eop
lewor
ldwi
dea
rei
nfe
cte
d,wi
thmor
eth
ant
wot
hir
dsof
c
ase
soc
cur
ri
ngi
nsu
b-Sa
har
anAf
ri
ca(
Arc
ang
eloe
t.a
l.
,20
17)
.Th
eHI
Vpa
nde
mic
i
snotont
rac
ktoe
ndb
y20
30a
ndc
urr
enta
ppr
oac
hest
oHI
Vcon
trol
aren
ote
nou
gh
t
ocon
tro
lit
,ac
cor
din
gtoan
ewL
anc
etCommi
ssi
onl
edb
yth
eIn
ter
nat
ion
alAI
DS
Soc
iet
y(Th
eLa
nce
t,2
018
).
Tod
ay,
ane
sti
mat
ed2
0.9mi
l
li
onoft
he3
6.7mi
l
li
onp
eop
lel
i
vin
gwi
th
HI
V/AI
DSr
ece
ivet
rea
tme
nt,
mos
toft
heml
i
vin
gint
hep
oorc
oun
tri
eswh
eret
he
d
ise
asei
smos
tpr
eva
len
t(Br
ink
,20
18)
.Pu
bli
che
alt
hme
asu
rest
ake
nin
clu
de
r
edu
cin
gth
epr
ic
esonAI
DSd
rug
san
dse
tti
ngu
pth
ein
fra
str
uct
uret
odi
st
ri
but
e
t
hemt
ope
opl
einp
oorc
oun
tri
es.
Alt
hou
ght
rea
tme
nte
ffor
tsh
avei
mpr
ove
d,
p
rev
ent
ionofHI
Vin
fec
ti
onsh
aves
eeme
dtos
tal
l
.Th
erea
rea
bou
ttwomi
l
li
onn
ew
c
ase
sea
chy
ears
inc
e20
05(
Bri
nk,
201
8).
Ch
all
eng
es
Gr
eats
tri
desh
aveb
eenma
dei
nth
epa
stt
hre
ede
cad
est
oha
lta
ndr
eve
rset
hes
pre
adof
HI
V.An
tir
etr
ovi
ralt
her
apy(
ART)
,inc
omb
ina
tionwi
thot
herHI
Vpr
eve
nti
onme
thod
s,p
lay
sa
u
niqu
ean
des
sen
tia
lrol
eint
hisob
jec
ti
ve,
wit
hit
spot
ent
ialt
obot
hra
dic
all
yre
duc
eil
l
nes
san
d
d
eat
hamon
gpe
opl
eli
vi
ngwi
thHI
Van
dpr
eve
ntn
ewHI
Vin
fec
ti
ons(
Sid
ibée
t.a
l.
,20
14)
.
Accordi
ngtoSidi
béet
.al
.(
2014),
HIVtr
eatmenti
ssti
ll
on l
yrea
ching
about34%ofthe28.
6mill
i
onpeoplecl
i
nical
lyel
i
gib
leforART.Equal
l
y
tr
oubli
ng,onl
y3of10chi
ldr
enli
vingwi
thHIVhaveacc
e sst
oARTi nt
he
21prior
it
ycount
ri
esinsu
b-Sah
aranAfr
icata
rget
edbytheGlobal
Plan
, Towar
dst
heEli
min
ati
onofNe
wHI
VIn
fec
ti
onsa
mon
gCh
il
dre
nby2
015
(Si
di
béet
.al
.
,2014)
.
Wor
ldwi
de,
44%ofa
lln
ewHI
Vin
fec
ti
onsoc
cur
redi
npe
opl
efr
om
ma
rgi
nal
i
zedg
rou
ps(
suc
hasg
aya
ndb
ise
xua
lme
n,p
eop
lewh
oin
jec
tdr
ugs
,se
x
wo
rke
rs,
tra
nsg
end
erp
eop
le,
andt
hes
exp
art
ner
sofp
eop
lei
nth
eseg
rou
ps)
,an
d
h
eal
ths
yst
emss
tru
ggl
etor
eac
han
den
gag
eth
eseg
rou
ps(
TheL
anc
et,
201
8).
Man
y
p
eop
lewh
oar
eath
ighr
is
kforAI
DSma
yfe
elu
nwe
lcomeorr
efu
set
ogot
oAI
DS
c
li
ni
csb
eca
useofs
ti
gmas
urr
oun
din
gth
edi
sea
se.
HIVf
und
ingh
asa
lsob
een
s
tag
nan
tan
dbi
l
li
onsofd
oll
arss
hor
toft
hea
mou
ntn
eed
edt
oac
hie
veUNAI
DS
t
arg
ets
,att
hes
amet
imea
sth
enu
mbe
rofp
eop
len
eed
ingARTa
reg
rowi
ng.
The
u
rge
nte
ffor
tst
oen
sur
eth
ata
llp
eop
lec
li
ni
cal
l
yel
i
gib
lef
ort
rea
tme
nth
ave
u
nin
ter
rup
tedARTa
cce
ssn
eedt
obec
oup
ledwi
ths
tre
ngt
hen
edHI
Vpr
eve
nti
on
e
ffor
ts,
ena
bli
ngp
oli
ci
est
hate
xte
ndt
her
eac
han
dimp
actofp
rev
ent
iona
nd
t
rea
tme
ntp
rog
rams
,imme
dia
tea
cti
onst
hate
li
min
ateHI
V-r
ela
teds
ti
gmaa
nd
d
isc
ri
min
ati
on,
andar
esp
ons
egr
oun
dedi
nth
epr
inc
ipl
esofh
uma
nri
ght
san
d
g
end
ere
qua
li
ty(
Sid
ibée
t.a
l.
,20
14)
.
Tr
eat
men
t
An
tir
etr
ovi
ral
tre
atme
nt(
ART)a
red
rug
sus
edt
otr
eatHI
V.ARTme
dic
ati
ons
a
ren
otac
uref
orHI
V,b
utt
heyd
ohe
lpc
ont
rol
HIVa
ndh
elpp
ati
ent
sli
veah
eal
thi
er
l
i
fe.
ARTwor
kbyk
eep
ingt
hel
eve
lofHI
Vvi
ral
loa
dint
heb
odyl
ow,
all
owi
ngt
he
i
mmu
nes
yst
emt
ore
cov
era
nd
