Instructor’s Manual with Tests
for
Olson and Hergenhahn
An Introduction to
Theories of Personality
Eighth Edition
prepared by
Matthew H. Olson
Hamline University
Prentice Hall
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc., Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Prentice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in
the United States of America. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced with An
Introduction to Theories of Personality, Eighth Edition, by Olson and Hergenhahn, provided
such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any form for any other
purpose without written permission from the copyright owner. To obtain permission(s) to use
material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions
Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. No part of the material
protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 14 13 12 11 10
ISBN-10: 0-205-80959-6
www.pearsonhighered.com ISBN-13: 978-0-205-80959-2
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1: What Is Personality? 1
Chapter 2: Sigmund Freud 12
Chapter 3: Carl Jung 33
Chapter 4: Alfred Adler 51
Chapter 5: Karen Horney 67
Chapter 6: Erik H. Erikson 81
Chapter 7: Gordon Allport 98
Chapter 8: Raymond B. Cattell and Hans J. Eysenck 114
Chapter 9: B. F. Skinner 132
Chapter 10: John Dollard and Neal Miller 149
Chapter 11: Albert Bandura and Walter Mischel 164
Chapter 12: David M. Buss 178
Chapter 13: George Kelly 196
Chapter 14: Carl Rogers 211
Chapter 15: Abraham Maslow 225
Chapter 16: Rollo Reese May 240
Chapter 17: A Final Word 255
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
, CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Chapter Outline
I. Proposed Determinants of Personality
A. Genetics
B. Traits
C. Sociocultural determinants
D. Learning
E. Existential-humanistic considerations
F. Unconscious mechanisms
G. Cognitive processes
H. Personality as a composite of the above factors
II. Questions Confronting the Personality Theorist
A. What is the relative importance of the past, present, and future?
B. What motivates human behavior?
C. How important is the concept of self?
D. How important are unconscious mechanisms?
E. Is human behavior freely chosen or is it determined?
F. What can be learned by asking people about themselves?
G. Uniqueness versus commonality
H. Are people controlled externally or internally?
I. How are the mind and the body related?
J. What is the nature of human nature?
K. How consistent is human behavior?
III. How Do We Find the Answers?
A. Science as an epistemological pursuit
B. Science as a combination of rationalism and empiricism
C. The roles of scientific theory: Synthesizing and heuristic functions
D. The principle of verification
IV. Science and Personality Theory
A. Kuhn’s view of science and scientific paradigms
B. Popper’s view of science and the principle of falsifiability
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) The term personality is derived from the Latin word persona, which means
A) mask.
B) mind.
C) brain.
D) the person.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1
Skill: Factual
1
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
for
Olson and Hergenhahn
An Introduction to
Theories of Personality
Eighth Edition
prepared by
Matthew H. Olson
Hamline University
Prentice Hall
Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River
Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto
Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo
,Copyright © 2011, 2007, 2003 Pearson Education, Inc., Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as
Prentice Hall, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458. All rights reserved. Manufactured in
the United States of America. The contents, or parts thereof, may be reproduced with An
Introduction to Theories of Personality, Eighth Edition, by Olson and Hergenhahn, provided
such reproductions bear copyright notice, but may not be reproduced in any form for any other
purpose without written permission from the copyright owner. To obtain permission(s) to use
material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions
Department, 1 Lake St., Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.
All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. No part of the material
protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 14 13 12 11 10
ISBN-10: 0-205-80959-6
www.pearsonhighered.com ISBN-13: 978-0-205-80959-2
, Table of Contents
Chapter 1: What Is Personality? 1
Chapter 2: Sigmund Freud 12
Chapter 3: Carl Jung 33
Chapter 4: Alfred Adler 51
Chapter 5: Karen Horney 67
Chapter 6: Erik H. Erikson 81
Chapter 7: Gordon Allport 98
Chapter 8: Raymond B. Cattell and Hans J. Eysenck 114
Chapter 9: B. F. Skinner 132
Chapter 10: John Dollard and Neal Miller 149
Chapter 11: Albert Bandura and Walter Mischel 164
Chapter 12: David M. Buss 178
Chapter 13: George Kelly 196
Chapter 14: Carl Rogers 211
Chapter 15: Abraham Maslow 225
Chapter 16: Rollo Reese May 240
Chapter 17: A Final Word 255
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
, CHAPTER 1: WHAT IS PERSONALITY?
Chapter Outline
I. Proposed Determinants of Personality
A. Genetics
B. Traits
C. Sociocultural determinants
D. Learning
E. Existential-humanistic considerations
F. Unconscious mechanisms
G. Cognitive processes
H. Personality as a composite of the above factors
II. Questions Confronting the Personality Theorist
A. What is the relative importance of the past, present, and future?
B. What motivates human behavior?
C. How important is the concept of self?
D. How important are unconscious mechanisms?
E. Is human behavior freely chosen or is it determined?
F. What can be learned by asking people about themselves?
G. Uniqueness versus commonality
H. Are people controlled externally or internally?
I. How are the mind and the body related?
J. What is the nature of human nature?
K. How consistent is human behavior?
III. How Do We Find the Answers?
A. Science as an epistemological pursuit
B. Science as a combination of rationalism and empiricism
C. The roles of scientific theory: Synthesizing and heuristic functions
D. The principle of verification
IV. Science and Personality Theory
A. Kuhn’s view of science and scientific paradigms
B. Popper’s view of science and the principle of falsifiability
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) The term personality is derived from the Latin word persona, which means
A) mask.
B) mind.
C) brain.
D) the person.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1
Skill: Factual
1
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
