Exam (elaborations) NURS 6521 week 11 Final Exam

Exam (elaborations) NURS 6521 week 11 Final Exam A nurse who provides care on a pediatric unit of a hospital is aware that the potential for harm as a result of drug errors is higher among infants and children than adults. This fact is primarily due to A. increased body surface area relative to body volume in infants and children. B. increased heart rate and subsequently rapid drug distribution among infants and children. C. immature liver and kidney function in infants and children. D. the inability of infants and children and describe symptoms of adverse drug reactions. 1 points Question 2 1. A 30-year-old man with a BMI of 59 has recently been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In light of the man's lack of success with weight loss programs in the past, his care provider has prescribed sibutramine (Meridia). What instructions should the nurse consequently provide to this patient? A. “This drug will help you to lose weight without having to exercise or change your normal diet.” B. “It's best to take a dose of sibutramine after each meal.” C. “Take a dose when you feel like you are tempted to binge on food.” D. “Take this drug once each day on an empty stomach.” 1 points Question 3 1. A 5-year-old boy needs an IM injection. The least painful and most effective injection site would be the A. rectus femoris muscle. B. dorsogluteal muscle. C. ventrogluteal muscle. D. deltoid muscle. 1 points NURS 6521 week 11 Final Exam Question 4 1. A nurse is providing patient education to a 13-year-old girl who was just diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the patient will alert the nurse that special instructions regarding insulin are necessary? A. “We live in a two-story house.” B. “My mother is going to give me my insulin.” C. “I walk two blocks to school every day.” D. “I am on the middle school track team.” 1 points Question 5 1. A 22-year-old woman has given birth to an infant who exhibits the signs and symptoms of maternal cocaine use during pregnancy. These signs and symptoms are a result of what pathophysiological effect of opioid use during pregnancy? A. Hypoxia as a result of a prolonged second stage of labor B. Impaired maternal nutrition as a result of drug use C. Vasoconstriction leading to reduced placental blood flow D. Changes in blood chemistry as a result of nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity 1 points Question 6 1. A nurse is caring for a 10-year-old boy who complains of chronic headaches. His mother reports that she gives him Tylenol at least three times a day. Which of the following will the nurse work with the physician to evaluate? A. Cardiac function B. Respiratory function C. Renal function D. Hepatic function 1 points Question 7 1. A 3-year-old boy has developed otitis media and requires antibiotics. In order to increase the chance that the boy will take his prescribed medication, the nurse should A. offer a choice between liquid and chewable medications, if possible. B. insert a central intravenous line. C. have the mother hold the child firmly and sooth him while the drugs are administered. D. teach the boy about the fact that he will feel much better after he takes his medications. 1 points Question 8 1. An immunocompromised 7-year-old child was recently discharged home with a peripherally-inserted central line (PIC line) for home antibiotic therapy. He has now been brought to the emergency department by his mother and father with signs and symptoms of line sepsis. Upon questioning, the mother states that she has been removing the PIC dressing daily and washing the site with warm water and a cloth. What nursing diagnosis is most appropriate in this situation? A. Delayed Growth and Development B. Knowledge Deficit C. Ineffective Family Therapeutic Regimen Management D. Caregiver Role Strain 1 points Question 9 1. A 21-year-old female has a history of irregular menses. She recently became sexually active, and would like to begin taking oral contraceptives (OCs). The nurse practitioner recognizes that most likely this patient would benefit from taking which category of OCs. A. Biphasic OC B. Monophasic C. Triphasic OC D. Ortho Tri-Cyclen 1 points Question 10 1. A nurse is explaining to the parents of a 6-year-old child suffering from angina why nitroglycerin patches for chest pain would not be appropriate. Which of the following will the nurse include in an explanation? A. A child has a greater body surface area, creating greater permeability resulting in an increase in absorption of topical agents, which may result in more adverse effects. B. A child's gastric pH is decreased, causing less of the drug to be absorbed from the subcutaneous skin, therefore producing more adverse effects. C. A child has an erratic blood flow from an immature peripheral circulation, which increases drug absorption, causing an increase in adverse effects. D. A child has a smaller body surface area, resulting in an increase in topical absorption, which can cause more adverse effects. 1 points Question 11 1. A nurse practitioner orders 150 mg of oral fluconazole for a patient with vulvovaginal candidiasis. The patient should expect to take medication A. for 30 days. B. every day until the infection is gone. C. for 20 days. D. once a day. 1 points Question 12 1. A nurse working in a cancer center is preparing to administer medication to a 5-year-old child. The nurse will calculate the drug dosage by using A. body surface area. B. age in years. C. age in months. D. weight. 1 points Question 13 1. A 16-year-old boy is prescribed cromolyn sodium nasal spray to treat a nasal allergy. To maximize the therapeutic effects of the drug, which of the following will the nurse include in instructions to the patient? A. Take the drug for one full week before coming in contact with allergens B. Drink plenty of fluids. C. Avoid high noise levels D. Take the drug on a full stomach 1 points Question 14 1. A 35-year-old woman is on a weight-loss program and is to begin taking sibutramine (Meridia). After baseline physical data are obtained, the nurse will assess the patient's childbearing potential. The nurse will inform the patient that during sibutramine therapy she should A. use adequate contraception. B. obtain a pap smear . C. abstain from sex. D. take a pregnancy test every month. 1 points Question 15 1. A nurse practitioner orders a single dose of 2 g Metronidazole orally. How many milligrams will the patient receive in one dose? A. 4000 mg B. 1000 mg C. 3000 mg D. 2000 mg 1 points Question 16 1. A nurse is obtaining baseline physical data from a 7-year-old patient who is to be started on dextroamphetamine for ADHD. After obtaining vital signs, height, and weight, the nurse will prepare the patient for an A. electrocardiogram (ECG). B. electroencephalogram (EEG). C. electrophysiologic study (EPS). D. electromyelogram (EMG). 1 points Question 17 1. A nurse works at a weight management clinic. To which of the following overweight patients could the nurse safely administer dextroamphetamine? A. A 38-year-old Caucasian woman with glaucoma B. A 48-year-old Caucasian man who has adult-onset diabetes C. A 60-year-old African-American man who experiences angina D. A 28-year-old African-American woman with hyperthyroidism 1 points Question 18 1. A 15-year-old boy has been diagnosed with bone cancer after several months of fatigue and pain. What question should the nurse include in an assessment when trying to minimize the potential for adverse drug reactions? A. “How much do you weigh?” B. “Did Tylenol or other over-the-counter pain remedies ever relieve your pain?” C. “Do you ever use alcohol or drugs?” D. “On a scale of zero to ten, what level of pain is acceptable to you?” 1 points Question 19 1. A 29-year-old woman who is morbidly obese has recently begun a comprehensive, medically-supervised program of weight reduction. Prior to adding dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) to her regimen, the patient should be questioned about her intake of A. trans fat. B. alcohol. C. grapefruit juice. D. caffeine. 1 points Question 20 1. The clinical nurse educator who oversees the emergency department in a children's hospital has launched an awareness program aimed at reducing drug errors. What measure addresses the most common cause of incorrect doses in the care of infants and children? A. Recording drug administration in both the nurse's notes and the medication administration record (MAR) B. Having nurses check their math calculations with a colleague before administering a drug. C. Avoiding intravenous administration of drugs whenever possible. D. Ensuring that a full assessment takes place no more than 30 minutes before giving a drug. 1 points Question 21 1. A nurse who provides care on a pediatric medicine unit has conducted a medication reconciliation of a recently-admitted patient. In light of the fact that the child takes methylphenidate (Ritalin), the nurse is justified in considering a history of what health problem? A. Anxiety B. ADHD C. Obesity D. Respiratory depression 1 points Question 22 1. A 19-year-old patient reports to a clinic with vaginal discharge with a foul odor. A microscopic exam reveals trichomonas vaginalis. The nurse practitioner is aware that A. trichomoniasis is an incurable disease. B. asymptomatic women are diagnosed with trichomoniasis by a routine pap smear. C. trichomoniasis discharge is typically thin and clear. D. it is unusual to have an odor with trichomoniasis. 1 points Question 23 1. A nurse is administering drugs to a 10-year-old child who has multiple health problems. The child is underweight and is on a special diet. Which of the following will the nurse consider when planning for the best absorption of the prescribed drugs? (Select all that apply.) A. Weight B. Diet C. Route of administration D. Age E. Disease process 1 points Question 24 1. A 6-month-old child has developed skin irritation due to an allergic reaction. He has been prescribed a topical skin ointment. The nurse will consider which of the following before administering the drug? A. That there is less body surface area to be concerned about B. That there is a lower concentration of water in an infant's body compared with an adult C. That the infant's skin has greater permeability than that of an adult D. That there is decreased absorption rates of topical drugs in infants 1 points Question 25 1. A school nurse has been teaching high school students about the risks associated with marijuana use. However, the nurse has been met with considerable skepticism on the part of students, most of whom believe that marijuana is a benign drug. Which of the following teaching points should the nurse provide? A. “Marijuana can easily interact with other drugs and cause potentially fatal reactions.” B. “Smoking marijuana is just as bad, or worse, for your lungs as smoking cigarettes.” C. “Every year, thousands of Americans end up in emergency departments with marijuana overdoses.” D. “Most people don't know that marijuana can be just as addictive as heroin or cocaine over time.” 1 points Question 26 1. A 12-year-old boy is being discharged from the hospital after major surgery. The boy will be taking two medications at home for an extended period. The nurse who is discharging the patient should provide medication teaching specifically to A. the boy by telling him not to worry about the medications and to take them as directed. B. the mother and be sure to reinforce the need to force the medications, if her son does not want to take them. C. the mother regarding why the boy needs to take the medications. D. both the boy and his mother regarding all medication issued. 1 points Question 27 1. A patient is being seen in the emergency department for a sprained ankle and is given a drug to relieve pain. When a second dose of the pain medication is given, the patient develops redness of the skin, itching, and swelling at the site of injection of the drug. The most likely cause of this response is A. an allergic response. B. a paradoxical response. C. an idiosyncratic response. D. a hepatotoxic response. 1 points Question 28 1. A preterm neonate received caffeine for the treatment of apnea. The nurse should monitor the neonate for which of the following? A. Bloody stools B. Hypoglycemia C. Bradycardia D. Constipation 1 points Question 29 1. A nurse is going to administer medication to an infant using a medicine dropper. The best method is to open the child's mouth by gently squeezing the cheeks and placing the drops A. in the buccal pouch. B. under the tongue. C. on top of the tongue. D. at the back of the mouth. 1 points Question 30 1. The recommended treatment for trichomoniasis is A. Meclizine. B. Diflucan. C. Amoxicillan. D. Flagyl. 1 points Question 31 1. A nurse is having difficulty administering a bitter drug to a 5-year-old child. The nurse should A. give the drug in a pill form. B. involve the child in a play therapy session, and then tell the child that the medicine is candy. C. offer the child a flavored ice chip or ice pop prior to administering the drug. D. have the parent gently force the child's mouth open. 1 points Question 32 1. A patient asks the nurse practitioner about food sources such as soybeans and soy products. The nurse practitioner understands that these foods are considered A. inappropriate. B. monotherapy. C. taboo. D. phytoestrogens. 1 points Question 33 1. A child is admitted to the burn unit with second and third degree burns on both arms and part of his or her face. When administering topical medications to the burned areas, the nurse should A. allow the child to apply the medication if possible. B. cool the medication prior to administration. C. use clean technique only when applying the medication. D. use sterile technique when applying the medication. 1 points Question 34 1. A 10-year-old boy is taking dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) daily for ADHD. At each clinic visit, the nurse's priority assessment would be A. blood pressure. B. Vision. C. height and weight. D. body temperature. 1 points Question 35 1. A 7-year-old child has been taking tetracycline for a bacterial infection. The nurse will be sure to inform the parents that this drug could cause A. staining of permanent teeth. B. deep muscle pain. C. sleep deprivation. D. orange-tinged urine. 1 points Question 36 1. A 15-year-old boy who has been taking dextroamphetamine for the treatment of ADHD has been experiencing a depressed mood and a sense of hopelessness. He confides in the school nurse that he has begun taking his stepfather's antidepressant to improve his mood. After immediately phoning the boy's stepfather, the nurse learns that the drug in question is phenelzine (Nardil), a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). The nurse should recognize that this combination of drugs creates a serious risk of what health problem? A. Nephrotoxicity B. Hypokalemia C. Cardiac dysrhythmia D. Hypertensive crisis 1 points Question 37 1. A 13-year-old female took a weight loss drug that activated the sympathetic nervous system. Which of the following assessment findings would the nurse expect? A. Decreased myocardial contraction B. Increased cardiac conduction C. Decreased heart rate D. Increased intranodal conduction tim