Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Politics Advanced Paper 1: UK Politics and Core Political Ideas

Pearson Edexcel Level 3 GCE Politics Advanced Paper 1: UK Politics and Core Political Ideas Morning (Time: 2 hours) Paper Reference 9PL0/01 Politics Advanced Paper 1: UK Politics and Core Political Ideas Instructions • Use black ink or ball-point pen. Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with your name, centre number and candidate number. There are two sections and you must answer three questions: – in Section A answer either 1(a) or 1(b) and then either 2(a) or 2(b) – in Section B answer either 3(a) or 3(b). Answer the questions in the spaces provided – there may be more space than you need. Information • The total mark for this paper is 84. The marks for each question are shown in brackets – use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on each question. Advice • Read each question carefully before you start to answer it. Check your answers if you have time at the end. Turn over P61889RA ©2020 Pearson Education Ltd. 1/1/1/1/1/1/ EITHER SECTION A: POLITICAL PARTICIPATION Answer ONE question from EITHER Question 1(a) on page 2 OR Question 1(b) on page 3 and then answer ONE question from EITHER Question 2(a) OR Question 2(b) on page 10. 1 (a) This source is adapted from the YouGov website, which analysed the 2017 General Election: its findings covered a range of topics that influenced the electorate. It attempts to understand the reasons why people voted for a particular political party. Source 1 YouGov found that newspaper readership was a strong predictor of voting patterns. 73% of Guardian readers voted Labour, while 79% of Telegraph readers voted Conservative. The media is now a vital factor in determining how people vote. Age has also become a significant element, as recent governments have treated older people more favourably than the young. Likelihood of British adults to vote Conservative or Labour in the 2017 General Election by age 80% % of voters 70% 60% 50% Labour voters For every 10 years older a person is, the likelihood they would vote Conservative increases by 9 points Labour / Conservative crossover occurs for a 40% at age 47 For every 10 years older a person is, political party 30% 20% 10% 0% Conservative voters the likelihood they would vote Labour decreases by 9 points 78 80 Voter’s age However a person’s employment and the work they do are also important. The Conservatives led Labour by 11 points among people working in the private sector, while Labour was 10 points ahead of the Conservatives among public sector workers. A person’s social class has considerable influence over how they will vote, as does the region in which a person lives. Labour is no longer as dominant in Scotland as the Conservatives are in Southern England outside London. Using Source 1, evaluate the view that a person’s age and the media have now replaced social class and region as clear indicators of voting behaviour. In your response you must: • compare and contrast different opinions in the source • examine and debate these views in a balanced way • analyse and evaluate only the information presented in the source. (30) Do not answer Question 1(b) if you have answered Question 1(a). OR 1 (b) This source shows information published by the House of Commons on the income and membership of political parties in Great Britain. The source then reflects on the significance of this data and questions its implications. Source 2 Central party income and membership in Great Britain (as reported in 2018) Party Income Membership Labour Party £55,793,000 540,000 Conservative and Unionist Party £45,947,000 124,000 Liberal Democrats £9,710,000 99,200 Scottish National Party (SNP) £5,800,000 125,000 Green Party £2,472,000 39,400 UK Independence Party (UKIP) £1,739,000 23,600 Plaid Cymru - The Party of Wales £1,262,000 8,000 • There are big differences between the incomes of different political parties and where they source their funds. • This creates a fear that a ‘rich’ party can ‘buy’ an election because other parties lack the funds to make their case effectively. Often parties’ income and their donors are unknown until after a general election. • The income patterns of political parties are changing – for example, membership fees have now substantially replaced trade union donations as Labour’s main source of funding: whereas the Conservative Party continues to rely heavily on private donations. • State funding, in which each candidate’s election campaign is funded by the state, might marginally increase the taxes people pay; but it would make general elections a contest between equals. Using Source 2, evaluate the view that state funding of political parties would be preferable to a situation in which a party can win a general election because it has more members and income than other parties. In your response you must: • compare and contrast different opinions in the source • examine and debate these views in a balanced way • analyse and evaluate only the information presented in the source. (30) Indicate the first question you are answering by marking a cross in the box . If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then indicate your new answer with a cross . 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(Total for Question 1 = 30 marks) AND EITHER 2 (a) Evaluate the view that the actions of pressure groups have been more significant than government legislation in defending and promoting rights in the UK. You must consider this view and the alternative to this view in a balanced way. (30) OR (b) Evaluate the view that the various electoral systems in use in the UK make significant differences to party representation. You must consider this view and the alternative to this view in a balanced way. (30) Indicate the second question you are answering by marking a cross in the box . If you change your mind, put a line through the box and then indicate your new answer with a cross . Chosen question number: Question 2(a) Question 2(b) ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ...................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ...................... ............................................................................................................................... ............................................................................................................................... ...................... 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