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PHIL 347 Final exam
In the following argument, identify either the extra claims, or express the implied claim.
(1) If you want to be sure the country is headed in the right direction,(2) you need to
vote for the best candidate this November.(3) I believe the election is on the eighth this
year.
claim 1 is an extra claim, which provides addition information to the given statements.
Claims 2 is an implied claim: it implies the need to vote for the president.
2. (TCO 2) In the following argument, identify either the extra claims, or express the implied claim.
The barometer shows the pressure is falling. You had better take an umbrella with you. (Points : 10)
3. (TCOs 3, 5) Describe the two styles of reasoning. What are some key differences between the
two? (Points : 10)
Deductive and inductive reasoning.
In the Deductive reasoning, there is a surety that the conclusion follows it premises. Both premise
and conclusion has to be true.
In the inductive reasoning, there is a chance that conclusion may follows the premise but there is
no full guarantee (Jackson, 2016). Premise and conclusion both does not have to be true in this
reasoning.
Question 4.4. (TCOs 3, 5) Discuss the three steps to follow when trying to distinguish between kinds of
deductive arguments.(Points : 15)
According to the Jackson (2016), the three steps weather it is valid, sound or
Question 5.5. (TCO 4) Considering only truth-functional claims, what are the four connectors? Describe
what needs to happen in a truth table to demonstrate an argument is valid. (Points : 15)
The four connector are: Negation, Conjunction, disjunction, and conditional. In order for an
argument to be valid the Truth table, the conclusion needs to be true, if all of given premises are true.
In the whole truth table, even just a single line show that the conclusion is false when its all premises
are true than it will be invalid.
Question 6.6. (TCO 5) When evaluating analogical arguments, you need to consider three things. What
are those things, and how do they need to be considered? (Points : 15)
This study source was downloaded by 100000838493518 from CourseHero.com on 02-04-2022 12:16:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/26969065/critical-reasoning-finals-exam-docx/
PHIL 347 Final exam
In the following argument, identify either the extra claims, or express the implied claim.
(1) If you want to be sure the country is headed in the right direction,(2) you need to
vote for the best candidate this November.(3) I believe the election is on the eighth this
year.
claim 1 is an extra claim, which provides addition information to the given statements.
Claims 2 is an implied claim: it implies the need to vote for the president.
2. (TCO 2) In the following argument, identify either the extra claims, or express the implied claim.
The barometer shows the pressure is falling. You had better take an umbrella with you. (Points : 10)
3. (TCOs 3, 5) Describe the two styles of reasoning. What are some key differences between the
two? (Points : 10)
Deductive and inductive reasoning.
In the Deductive reasoning, there is a surety that the conclusion follows it premises. Both premise
and conclusion has to be true.
In the inductive reasoning, there is a chance that conclusion may follows the premise but there is
no full guarantee (Jackson, 2016). Premise and conclusion both does not have to be true in this
reasoning.
Question 4.4. (TCOs 3, 5) Discuss the three steps to follow when trying to distinguish between kinds of
deductive arguments.(Points : 15)
According to the Jackson (2016), the three steps weather it is valid, sound or
Question 5.5. (TCO 4) Considering only truth-functional claims, what are the four connectors? Describe
what needs to happen in a truth table to demonstrate an argument is valid. (Points : 15)
The four connector are: Negation, Conjunction, disjunction, and conditional. In order for an
argument to be valid the Truth table, the conclusion needs to be true, if all of given premises are true.
In the whole truth table, even just a single line show that the conclusion is false when its all premises
are true than it will be invalid.
Question 6.6. (TCO 5) When evaluating analogical arguments, you need to consider three things. What
are those things, and how do they need to be considered? (Points : 15)
This study source was downloaded by 100000838493518 from CourseHero.com on 02-04-2022 12:16:28 GMT -06:00
https://www.coursehero.com/file/26969065/critical-reasoning-finals-exam-docx/
