Contemporary Marketing 14th Edition by Gene Boone TEST BANK

Contemporary Marketing 14th Edition by Gene Boone -Test Bank QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Consumer Behavior TRUE/FALSE 1. Consumer behavior refers to the process of ultimate buyers making purchasing decisions. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 2. Kurt Lewin’s model of human behavior defines behavior as a function of the interactions of personal influences and pressures exerted on them by outside environmental forces. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 3. To better understand how consumers make buying decisions, marketers borrow extensively from the sciences of physics and biology. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 4. Generally speaking, human behavior is primarily a function of pressures exerted by outside environmental forces on the individual. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 5. Kurt Lewin’s theory of human behavior has been modified by marketers to create a model for understanding consumer behavior. In the adaptation, consumer behavior (B) is a function of the interactions of interpersonal influences (I) and personal factors (P), or essentially B = f (I, P). ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 6. According to Kurt Lewin’s theory of human behavior, among the personal factors that come into play affecting consumer behavior are one’s attitudes, learning and perception. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 7. The only inputs that affect a consumer’s purchasing decisions are those provided by his or her psychological makeup. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 134 OBJ: 5-1 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 8. Culture can be defined as values, beliefs, preferences, and tastes that are handed down from one generation to the next. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 135 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 9. Culture is the narrowest interpersonal determinant of consumer behavior. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 135 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 10. The core values of American culture include humanitarianism and the desire to accumulate wealth. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 135 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 11. While some cultural values change over time, basic core values do not. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 135 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 12. The United States and Europe are finding that cultural influences are growing less important in determining the purchasing behavior of consumers. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 136 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 13. Dale and Lisa, ranchers from Wyoming, found that the meat of their large, slow-growing hogs were not selling in American grocery stores. However, the animals command premium prices in Japan where the meat is enjoyed for its flavor and fat content. The purchasing influence they are experiencing is a cultural influence. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 136 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 14. When using an e-tail Web site, the UK audience becomes frustrated if there is no clear information on which geography the Web site covers. Often, they will assume the site will not ship to them and move on. American audiences are more accepting of Web sites that do not designate geography, and assume the site will ship to their location. This example illustrates the cultural differences between U.S. and UK consumers. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 136 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 15. It was not until the introduction of the Chevrolet Nova in Mexico that marketers realized “no va” in Spanish means “won’t go.” This linguistic error demonstrates how Chevrolet overlooked cultural differences in its product introduction. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 136 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 16. Understanding culture alone will not lead a marketer to success; understanding subculture is just as essential. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 136-137 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 17. Any non-homogeneous society will have numerous subcultures with identical modes of behavior. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 137 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 18. Subcultures are groups within a larger culture that have their own distinct modes of behavior. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 137 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 19. America’s population is becoming more homogeneous as ethnic and racial minority groups blend in through assimilation into the culture. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 137 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 20. The cultural differences among Hispanic Americans usually do not affect their preferences as consumers. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 137 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 21. The three largest and fastest-growing U.S. ethnic subcultures are Hispanic Americans, African Americans and Asian Americans. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 138 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 22. The Hispanic American population is not a single, homogeneous group, but instead a number of groups, each of which differs culturally from the others. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 138 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 23. Marketers are more concerned with the acculturation experience of a Hispanic American than the country of national origin. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 138 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 24. Highly acculturated Hispanic Americans are predominately born in the United States, and most speak English by the third generation. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 138 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 25. The African American culture in the United States runs the gamut from new immigrants to multigenerational American families. However, this fact should be of little importance to a marketer targeting subcultures within the group. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 138 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 26. Although they share a common heritage, the African American community should be regarded as different subcultures due to ranges in education, income, acculturation levels and demographics. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 139 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 27. The Asian American subculture consists of more than two dozen ethnic groups, each of which brings its own language, religion and values to the marketplace. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 140 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 28. Group membership influences an individual’s purchase decisions and behavior in both overt and subtle ways. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 140 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 29. Status is the relative prominence of an individual who is not a member of a particular reference group. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 140 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Analytic | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: KN 30. Groups do not intentionally create formal roles, nor do they ever have expectations that roles and status will develop within their membership. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 140 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 31. Individuals who aspire to become members of a certain group will often follow that group’s norms before becoming a group member. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 1 REF: 141 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 32. If a middle manager buys a SAAB automobile because several top executives in the firm own SAABs, this demonstrates the influence of membership groups. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 141 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 33. The buying behavior of an individual in a group is not only affected by the norms of the group, but also by that individual’s role and status within the group. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: 2 REF: 141 OBJ: 5-2 NAT: AACSB Reflective Thinking | CB&E Model Customer | R&D Knowledge of human behavior & society TYP: AP 34. Chris decides to proceed with a majority decision, even though the decision goes against his beliefs. Chris is exhibiting the Asch phenomenon