NU249/NUR2488- Assess Your Knowledge- Exam 1
Theorists:
Freud: “father of psychiatry”
Believes psychological disturbances were related to events of early trauma or events not
remembered or recognized.
Formation of personality, conscious and unconscious influences, importance of individual talk
sessions, attentive listening, transference, countertransference
● Id: primary thought process, instinctive, pleasure seeking part of the personality, lurks in
the unconscious mind (EAT THE CAKE).basic pleasure seeking( devil on shoulder) Impulsive, I
WANT NOW Food, sex, sleep
Awareness (Pleasure principle, reflex action, primary process)
● Ego: ability to realistically evaluate situations (problem solver, reality tester). Sense of
self (PRESENT EVERY DAY). Current self
Mechanisms (Problem solver, reality tester)
● Super ego: primarily our conscience, moral component, influenced by family and friends
(DONT EAT THE CAKE). Morality (Angel on shoulder)
Moral compone
HINT: think of the movie Kronk, the devil on his shoulder is the Id, Ego is himself, Superego is
the angel on his other shoulder.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
Needs are placed on a pyramid, most basic and important needs are on the lower level and have
to be met before the needs at the top (self-actualization) can be made.
Bottom to top:
● Physiological needs: the most basic needs, drives priority (food, water, oxygen, sleep,
sex, constant body temp) Bottom of pyramid
Food, water, oxygen, elimination, rest, and sex
● Safety needs: security, protection, freedom from fear/anxiety/chaos, law and order. (Fall
risk)
Security, protection, stability, structure, order, and limits
● Belongingness and Love Needs: need for an intimate relationship, love, affection and
belonging, wills seek to overcome feelings of loneliness. (Having a family and home)
Affilitation, affectionate relationships, and love
● Esteem Needs: the need to have a high self-regard and have it relayed to them from
others, feel confident, valued and valuable.
, NU249/NUR2488- Assess Your Knowledge- Exam 1
Self-esteem related to competency, achievement, and esteem from others
● Self-Actualization needs: the path that will result in inner peace/fulfillment. (What we
strive to become as humans) (Top of pyramid)
Becoming everything one is capable of
● Self-Transcendence needs: when an individual “seeks to further a cause beyond the self
and to experience a communion beyond the boundaries of the self through peak experiences”.
Self-transcendent experiences are those in which a person experiences a sense of identity that
transcends or extends beyond the personal self.
Erikson’s Stages of Development:
● Infancy: Trust vs Mistrust: birth to 1.5 years. Developing a basic sense of trust, leading
to hope and physical comfort.
● Early Childhood: Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt: 1.5 to 3 years. Gaining self-control,
independence with the environment.
● Preschooler: Initiative vs Guilt: 3 to 6 years. Achieve sense of purpose and mastery of
skills.
● School Age: Industry vs Inferiority: 6-12 years. Gain sense of self-confidence and
recognition thru learning, competing and performing. Competing in sports
● Adolescence: Identity vs Role Confusion: 12-20 years. Integrate all the tasks
previously mastered into a secure self.
● Young Adulthood: Intimacy/Solidarity vs Isolation: 20-30 years. Forming intense
relationships, committing to another person, cause and institution.
● Adulthood: Generativity vs Self-Absorption: 30-65 years. Achieve life goals, obtain
certain awareness of future generations.
● Elderly: Integrity vs Despair: 65++. Obtaining self-worth, finding meaning in one’s
whole life.
Understand the role of neurotransmitters as related to disorders
Dopamine, Serotonin, Norepinephrine, GABA
Dopamine: “Alertness” associated with feelings of euphoria, bliss, motivation,
concentration
Serotonin: “Satisfaction” regulates mood, social behavior, appetite, digestion,
sleep, memory, and sexual desire and function
Norepinephrine: “Balanced mood” stress hormone “fight or flight response”
GABA: promotes calm relaxation
What disorders are impacted by the neurotransmitters?
Theorists:
Freud: “father of psychiatry”
Believes psychological disturbances were related to events of early trauma or events not
remembered or recognized.
Formation of personality, conscious and unconscious influences, importance of individual talk
sessions, attentive listening, transference, countertransference
● Id: primary thought process, instinctive, pleasure seeking part of the personality, lurks in
the unconscious mind (EAT THE CAKE).basic pleasure seeking( devil on shoulder) Impulsive, I
WANT NOW Food, sex, sleep
Awareness (Pleasure principle, reflex action, primary process)
● Ego: ability to realistically evaluate situations (problem solver, reality tester). Sense of
self (PRESENT EVERY DAY). Current self
Mechanisms (Problem solver, reality tester)
● Super ego: primarily our conscience, moral component, influenced by family and friends
(DONT EAT THE CAKE). Morality (Angel on shoulder)
Moral compone
HINT: think of the movie Kronk, the devil on his shoulder is the Id, Ego is himself, Superego is
the angel on his other shoulder.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs:
Needs are placed on a pyramid, most basic and important needs are on the lower level and have
to be met before the needs at the top (self-actualization) can be made.
Bottom to top:
● Physiological needs: the most basic needs, drives priority (food, water, oxygen, sleep,
sex, constant body temp) Bottom of pyramid
Food, water, oxygen, elimination, rest, and sex
● Safety needs: security, protection, freedom from fear/anxiety/chaos, law and order. (Fall
risk)
Security, protection, stability, structure, order, and limits
● Belongingness and Love Needs: need for an intimate relationship, love, affection and
belonging, wills seek to overcome feelings of loneliness. (Having a family and home)
Affilitation, affectionate relationships, and love
● Esteem Needs: the need to have a high self-regard and have it relayed to them from
others, feel confident, valued and valuable.
, NU249/NUR2488- Assess Your Knowledge- Exam 1
Self-esteem related to competency, achievement, and esteem from others
● Self-Actualization needs: the path that will result in inner peace/fulfillment. (What we
strive to become as humans) (Top of pyramid)
Becoming everything one is capable of
● Self-Transcendence needs: when an individual “seeks to further a cause beyond the self
and to experience a communion beyond the boundaries of the self through peak experiences”.
Self-transcendent experiences are those in which a person experiences a sense of identity that
transcends or extends beyond the personal self.
Erikson’s Stages of Development:
● Infancy: Trust vs Mistrust: birth to 1.5 years. Developing a basic sense of trust, leading
to hope and physical comfort.
● Early Childhood: Autonomy vs Shame/Doubt: 1.5 to 3 years. Gaining self-control,
independence with the environment.
● Preschooler: Initiative vs Guilt: 3 to 6 years. Achieve sense of purpose and mastery of
skills.
● School Age: Industry vs Inferiority: 6-12 years. Gain sense of self-confidence and
recognition thru learning, competing and performing. Competing in sports
● Adolescence: Identity vs Role Confusion: 12-20 years. Integrate all the tasks
previously mastered into a secure self.
● Young Adulthood: Intimacy/Solidarity vs Isolation: 20-30 years. Forming intense
relationships, committing to another person, cause and institution.
● Adulthood: Generativity vs Self-Absorption: 30-65 years. Achieve life goals, obtain
certain awareness of future generations.
● Elderly: Integrity vs Despair: 65++. Obtaining self-worth, finding meaning in one’s
whole life.
Understand the role of neurotransmitters as related to disorders
Dopamine, Serotonin, Norepinephrine, GABA
Dopamine: “Alertness” associated with feelings of euphoria, bliss, motivation,
concentration
Serotonin: “Satisfaction” regulates mood, social behavior, appetite, digestion,
sleep, memory, and sexual desire and function
Norepinephrine: “Balanced mood” stress hormone “fight or flight response”
GABA: promotes calm relaxation
What disorders are impacted by the neurotransmitters?
