biochem
C785 Biochemistry Study Guide
Which mRNA sequence results in a polypeptide that contains three amino
acids?
5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3'
Which RNA sequence would end in the following polypeptide?
Phe-Thr-Val-Stop
5' - UUC ACA GUA UAA - 3'
What is the complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence?
5’ – GCC ATC TCG AAT – 3’
5’ – ATT CGA GAT GGC – 3’
Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after
the completion of four complete PCR cycles?
16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in the process of PCR?
It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA
sequence.
Which type of mutation and outcome characterizes the Mutant DNA?
A missense mutation leading to a longer protein
In sickle-cell disease, the glutamic acid (Glu) at position number six is
mutated to valine (Val).
What change in codons corresponds to the correct DNA mutation?
GAA to GTA
,Studies have shown that increased expression of two genes called SIRT1 and
SIRT2 is associated with chronic exposure to cocaine and contributes to drug
addiction.
What difference in the regions of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 genes in people
addicted to cocaine increases their expression?
The nucleosomes become more widely spaced.
Mice with low levels of agouti gene expression tend to have yellow fur and are
obese, while mice with higher levels of expression are brown and of normal
weight. Studies show that expression of the agouti gene in mice can be
controlled by epigenetics.
What scenario describes epigenetic regulation of the agouti gene?
Mother mice fed methyl-rich diets during pregnancy give birth to offspring with
decreased agouti gene expression compared to those fed a methyl-poor diet.
Oxidative damage to DNA can often result in the alteration of a single
nucleotide.
Which DNA repair mechanism would repair this type of damage?
Base excision repair
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessive genetic disease that occurs when
one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are
nonfunctional.
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the
general population?
The mutation rate of all other genes is higher due to failure to repair.
Which reaction is responsible for the formation of polypeptides?
Dehydration
, Which portion of the amino acid is inside the box?
Carboxyl group
Which amino acid side group is polar?
When placed within a polypeptide chain, which amino acid would interact
most favorably with nonpolar amino acids?
C785 Biochemistry Study Guide
Which mRNA sequence results in a polypeptide that contains three amino
acids?
5' - CUU GAU ACU UAG - 3'
Which RNA sequence would end in the following polypeptide?
Phe-Thr-Val-Stop
5' - UUC ACA GUA UAA - 3'
What is the complementary sequence for the following DNA sequence?
5’ – GCC ATC TCG AAT – 3’
5’ – ATT CGA GAT GGC – 3’
Assuming 100% reaction efficiency, how many DNA copies are created after
the completion of four complete PCR cycles?
16
What is the function of DNA polymerase in the process of PCR?
It recognizes the primers and uses the available dNTPs to replicate the template DNA
sequence.
Which type of mutation and outcome characterizes the Mutant DNA?
A missense mutation leading to a longer protein
In sickle-cell disease, the glutamic acid (Glu) at position number six is
mutated to valine (Val).
What change in codons corresponds to the correct DNA mutation?
GAA to GTA
,Studies have shown that increased expression of two genes called SIRT1 and
SIRT2 is associated with chronic exposure to cocaine and contributes to drug
addiction.
What difference in the regions of the SIRT1 and SIRT2 genes in people
addicted to cocaine increases their expression?
The nucleosomes become more widely spaced.
Mice with low levels of agouti gene expression tend to have yellow fur and are
obese, while mice with higher levels of expression are brown and of normal
weight. Studies show that expression of the agouti gene in mice can be
controlled by epigenetics.
What scenario describes epigenetic regulation of the agouti gene?
Mother mice fed methyl-rich diets during pregnancy give birth to offspring with
decreased agouti gene expression compared to those fed a methyl-poor diet.
Oxidative damage to DNA can often result in the alteration of a single
nucleotide.
Which DNA repair mechanism would repair this type of damage?
Base excision repair
Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a recessive genetic disease that occurs when
one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision repair are
nonfunctional.
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the
general population?
The mutation rate of all other genes is higher due to failure to repair.
Which reaction is responsible for the formation of polypeptides?
Dehydration
, Which portion of the amino acid is inside the box?
Carboxyl group
Which amino acid side group is polar?
When placed within a polypeptide chain, which amino acid would interact
most favorably with nonpolar amino acids?
