ANATOMY
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTION AND
ANSWERS
, GENERAL
Define Anatomy
the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living
organisms
Explain the levels at which anatomy may be studied.
1. Chemical level- O2, H2O
2. Cellular Level- Muscle Cell/ Epithelial Cell
3. Tissue- Cardiac Muscle
4. Organ- Heart
5. System- Heart & Lungs & Vasculature → Cardovasculature
6. Human-
Define Physiology is the study of
function of the body parts.
Explain what I mean by “Function reflects structure.” often times our body units structure
evolves in a way to be more effective for the specific goal that it is set up to achieve. so in
essence the function of many body units usually determine how it is structured.
RECURRING THEMES
You should recognize that no system operates in a vacuum.
True or False: All systems interact with at least one other system in the body. Explain. true.
the body is not divided by concrete walls by this i mean the body is made up of many
permeable membranes so the systems are bound to interact one way or another.in fact all the
systems within the body interact with one another to keep an organism healthy. Although
each system has specific functions, they are all interconnected and dependent on one
another. The nervous system controls various organs of the body directly. The brain also
receives information from many organs of the body and adjusts signals to these organs to
maintain proper functioning.
You should understand the concept of homeostasis.
Define ‘homeostasis’. the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between
interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Negative vs Positive feedback loops.
Negative Feedback Loop- response counters stimuli
Example- Temp= 98.6
1. Stimulus= Temp↑ (100)
2. Receptor Activate
3. Communicate with control Center
4. Effector Activate
5. Response = sweat
EXAM STUDY GUIDE
QUESTION AND
ANSWERS
, GENERAL
Define Anatomy
the branch of science concerned with the bodily structure of humans, animals, and other living
organisms
Explain the levels at which anatomy may be studied.
1. Chemical level- O2, H2O
2. Cellular Level- Muscle Cell/ Epithelial Cell
3. Tissue- Cardiac Muscle
4. Organ- Heart
5. System- Heart & Lungs & Vasculature → Cardovasculature
6. Human-
Define Physiology is the study of
function of the body parts.
Explain what I mean by “Function reflects structure.” often times our body units structure
evolves in a way to be more effective for the specific goal that it is set up to achieve. so in
essence the function of many body units usually determine how it is structured.
RECURRING THEMES
You should recognize that no system operates in a vacuum.
True or False: All systems interact with at least one other system in the body. Explain. true.
the body is not divided by concrete walls by this i mean the body is made up of many
permeable membranes so the systems are bound to interact one way or another.in fact all the
systems within the body interact with one another to keep an organism healthy. Although
each system has specific functions, they are all interconnected and dependent on one
another. The nervous system controls various organs of the body directly. The brain also
receives information from many organs of the body and adjusts signals to these organs to
maintain proper functioning.
You should understand the concept of homeostasis.
Define ‘homeostasis’. the tendency toward a relatively stable equilibrium between
interdependent elements, especially as maintained by physiological processes.
Negative vs Positive feedback loops.
Negative Feedback Loop- response counters stimuli
Example- Temp= 98.6
1. Stimulus= Temp↑ (100)
2. Receptor Activate
3. Communicate with control Center
4. Effector Activate
5. Response = sweat
