Chapter 1: Life
Matching
A) Phylogenetic
B) q/T
C) Carbon
D) H°
E) H – TS
F) halobacteria
G) equilibrium
H) entropy
I) thermoacidophiles
J) polymers
1. The most abundant chemical element in the human body is _____.
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
2. Evolutionary relationships can be compared using a ______ tree.
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-2. Eukaryotes
3. The organisms most likely to be found in a brine solution would be ______.
Ans: F
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
4. The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be
______.
,Ans: I
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
Multiple Choice
5. The atmosphere of early earth probably contained the following molecules:
A) H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4, and NH3.
B) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H6O6, and NH3.
C) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H6O6, and COOHCH2NH3.
D) H2O, CO2, CH4, COOHCH2NH3, and NH3.
E) none of the above
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
6. The biological classification system categorizes organisms into the domains:
A) bacteria, eukarya, and vertebrate.
B) archaea and eukarya.
C) bacteria, eukarya, and archaea.
D) eukarya and bacteria.
E) none of the above
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
7. The theory of evolution includes the following principles:
A) evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) evolution requires some sloppiness for adaptation to changes.
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
8. The term molecular weight is a term used by biochemists that refers to
,A) the density of a particle.
B) a dimensionless quantity that is defined as the ratio of the mass of the particle to 1/12
the mass of a 12C atom.
C) Daltons divided by the mass of a hydrogen atom.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
9. Which of the following is a similarity between all prokaryotes and all eukaryotes?
A) Both contain DNA in a nucleus
B) Both contain certain of the same membrane bound cell organelles (like mitochondria,
Golgi complexes etc)
C) Both have a cytoskeleton
D) All of the above are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
E) None of the above are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes, 1-2. Eukaryotes
10. Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotes is false?
A) Prokaryotes are made up of two major groupings: the eubacteria and the archaea,
which are as different from each other as from the eukaryotes.
B) Prokaryotes are generally much smaller than the eukaryotic cells.
C) Prokaryotes are one branch of the newer, more accurate phylogenic tree made up of
prokarya, archaea and eukarya
D) Prokaryotes do not have organelles
E) None of the above are false
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes, 1-2. Eukaryotes
11. Which of the following is not true of eukaryotes:
A) They contain organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, and a nucleus
B) They are usually 10 to 100 microns in diameter
C) They can be both uni or multicellular
D) They are also called archaea
, E) All of the above are true of eukaryotes
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-2. Eukaryotes
12. Which of the following statements is not true about the theories of (bio)chemical
evolution:
A) During chemical evolution, simple organic molecules (monomers) condensed to form
more complex molecules (polymers) which then began to replicate based upon
complementarity.
B) Margulis suggested that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from the result of a
symbiotic relationship between primordial prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
C) The first cells were probably formed when self-replicating systems were enveloped in
membranous vesicles
D) Oparin and Haldane demonstrated -by passing an electrical discharge through a
vessel containing H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4 and NH3- how some basic biological building
blocks (like simple amino acids) could have arisen abiotically in the earth’s early
atmosphere
E) The RNA world hypothesis as proposed by Woese, Crick and Orgel states that RNA,
instead of protein, was the first self replicating biochemical molecule that evolved
because RNA could have both stored genetic information and performed the catalytic
roles necessary for primitive self-replication
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
13. Which of the following statements is (are) not true:
A) Margulis proposed the endosymbiotic theory to explain the evolution of mitochondria
and chloroplasts.
B) Woese proposed the “new” phylogenic tree that divides living organisms into the 3
domains of bacteria, archaea and eukarya based upon genetic relationships rather than
obvious morphological similarities.
C) Urey and Miller conducted an experiment that involved sparking a mixture of NH3,
CH4, H2O and H2 gases to yield amino acids, some of the fundamental building blocks of
life.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Ans: E
Matching
A) Phylogenetic
B) q/T
C) Carbon
D) H°
E) H – TS
F) halobacteria
G) equilibrium
H) entropy
I) thermoacidophiles
J) polymers
1. The most abundant chemical element in the human body is _____.
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
2. Evolutionary relationships can be compared using a ______ tree.
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-2. Eukaryotes
3. The organisms most likely to be found in a brine solution would be ______.
Ans: F
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
4. The organisms most likely to be found in high temperature environments would be
______.
,Ans: I
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
Multiple Choice
5. The atmosphere of early earth probably contained the following molecules:
A) H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4, and NH3.
B) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H6O6, and NH3.
C) H2O, CO2, CH4, C6H6O6, and COOHCH2NH3.
D) H2O, CO2, CH4, COOHCH2NH3, and NH3.
E) none of the above
Ans: A
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
6. The biological classification system categorizes organisms into the domains:
A) bacteria, eukarya, and vertebrate.
B) archaea and eukarya.
C) bacteria, eukarya, and archaea.
D) eukarya and bacteria.
E) none of the above
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
7. The theory of evolution includes the following principles:
A) evolution is not directed toward a specific goal.
B) evolution is ongoing, and is constrained by its past.
C) evolution requires some sloppiness for adaptation to changes.
D) A and B
E) A, B, and C
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
8. The term molecular weight is a term used by biochemists that refers to
,A) the density of a particle.
B) a dimensionless quantity that is defined as the ratio of the mass of the particle to 1/12
the mass of a 12C atom.
C) Daltons divided by the mass of a hydrogen atom.
D) all of the above
E) none of the above
Ans: B
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes
9. Which of the following is a similarity between all prokaryotes and all eukaryotes?
A) Both contain DNA in a nucleus
B) Both contain certain of the same membrane bound cell organelles (like mitochondria,
Golgi complexes etc)
C) Both have a cytoskeleton
D) All of the above are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
E) None of the above are similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Ans: E
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes, 1-2. Eukaryotes
10. Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotes is false?
A) Prokaryotes are made up of two major groupings: the eubacteria and the archaea,
which are as different from each other as from the eukaryotes.
B) Prokaryotes are generally much smaller than the eukaryotic cells.
C) Prokaryotes are one branch of the newer, more accurate phylogenic tree made up of
prokarya, archaea and eukarya
D) Prokaryotes do not have organelles
E) None of the above are false
Ans: C
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-1. Prokaryotes, 1-2. Eukaryotes
11. Which of the following is not true of eukaryotes:
A) They contain organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts, ribosomes, and a nucleus
B) They are usually 10 to 100 microns in diameter
C) They can be both uni or multicellular
D) They are also called archaea
, E) All of the above are true of eukaryotes
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Easy
Section: 1-2. Eukaryotes
12. Which of the following statements is not true about the theories of (bio)chemical
evolution:
A) During chemical evolution, simple organic molecules (monomers) condensed to form
more complex molecules (polymers) which then began to replicate based upon
complementarity.
B) Margulis suggested that mitochondria and chloroplasts evolved from the result of a
symbiotic relationship between primordial prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
C) The first cells were probably formed when self-replicating systems were enveloped in
membranous vesicles
D) Oparin and Haldane demonstrated -by passing an electrical discharge through a
vessel containing H2O, CO2, N2 , CH4 and NH3- how some basic biological building
blocks (like simple amino acids) could have arisen abiotically in the earth’s early
atmosphere
E) The RNA world hypothesis as proposed by Woese, Crick and Orgel states that RNA,
instead of protein, was the first self replicating biochemical molecule that evolved
because RNA could have both stored genetic information and performed the catalytic
roles necessary for primitive self-replication
Ans: D
Level of Difficulty: Moderate
Section: 1-5. The Origin of Life
13. Which of the following statements is (are) not true:
A) Margulis proposed the endosymbiotic theory to explain the evolution of mitochondria
and chloroplasts.
B) Woese proposed the “new” phylogenic tree that divides living organisms into the 3
domains of bacteria, archaea and eukarya based upon genetic relationships rather than
obvious morphological similarities.
C) Urey and Miller conducted an experiment that involved sparking a mixture of NH3,
CH4, H2O and H2 gases to yield amino acids, some of the fundamental building blocks of
life.
D) All of the above
E) None of the above
Ans: E
