Exam (elaborations) GIZMO Copy Of M5 L1 Gizmo Lab Building DNA

Exam (elaborations) GIZMO Copy Of M5 L1 Gizmo Lab Building DNA Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) DNA is an incredible molecule that forms the basis of life on Earth. DNA molecules contain instructions for building every living organism on Earth, from the tiniest bacterium to a massive blue whale. DNA also has the ability to replicate, or make copies of itself. This allows living things to grow and reproduce. Look at the DNA molecule shown at right. What does it look like? A double helix where two strands are twisting around each other. Based on this picture, how do you think a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself? (Hint: Look at the bottom two “rungs” of the ladder.) I would think the two rungs at the bottom of the ladder would connect to create a copy of the DNA molecule. Gizmo Warm-up The Building DNA Gizmo™ allows you to construct a DNA molecule and go through the process of DNA replication. Examine the components that make up a DNA molecule. What are the two DNA components shown in the Gizmo? A pentagonal sugar and a nitrogenous base. A nucleoside has two parts: a pentagonal sugar (deoxyribose) and a nitrogenous base (in color). When a nucleoside is joined to a phosphate, it is called a nucleotide. How many different nitrogenous bases do you see? 4 Note: The names of these nitrogenous bases are adenine (red), cytosine (yellow), guanine (blue), and thymine (green). Revised by NVLA: 06/10/2017 GIZMO Copy of M5 L1 Gizmo Lab Building DNA M5 L1: Gizmo Lab Building DNA Activity A: Build a DNA molecule Get the Gizmo ready: · If necessary, click Reset to start the building process. Question: What is the structure of DNA? Build: Follow the steps given in the Gizmo to construct a molecule of DNA. (Note: For simplicity, this DNA molecule is shown in two dimensions, without the twist.) Stop when the hint reads: “The DNA molecule is complete.” In the table below, list the sequence of nitrogenous bases on the left-hand side of the DNA molecule and the right-hand side. Left side Right side Take a picture: Click the camera () to take a snapshot of your DNA molecule. Right-click the image and select Copy Image. Paste the image into the space to the right Revised by NVLA: 06/10/2017 M5 L1: Gizmo Lab Building DNA Explain: Describe the structure of the DNA molecule you made. What makes up the sides of the DNA molecule? The sides of the DNA molecule’s are nucleotides. What makes up the “rungs” of the DNA molecule? adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T). Fill in: Write the name of the nitrogenous base that joins to each of the bases below: Adenine (A) joins to: (U) Cytosine (C) joins to: (G) Thymine (T) joins to: (A) Guanine (G) joins to: (C) Practice: The left side of a DNA molecule is shown. Insert a complementary right side of the molecule for each base. A G U A C U C G Challenge: This DNA strand consists of eight pairs of nitrogenous ba