NURS 5366 Quiz 1&2 Research
Quiz 1 Research
• Question 1
What is the first step in the critical appraisal of a study?
Answer a.
s: Identifying the research design
b.
Determine the strengths and weaknesses
c.
Discussing the implications for nursing
practice
d.
Identification of the steps of the research
process
Response p.43
Feedback: 6
• Question 2
A research study contains the following in its Introduction section: “This study
was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total hours of sleep per 24-
hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night, attributable
to insomnia.......... Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately following the
session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually extend to total sleep,
despite anecdotal support. The claim that massage increases total hours of sleep
has been inadequately researched .......... Does massage increase the total number
of hours of daily sleep?......... It was posited that provision of daily late-morning
massage would affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day. The
study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic matrix of McCarthy,
which includes effects of endorphins on sleep, learning ability, pain, digestive
function, and cardiac output ..........It was taken as established fact that massage is
pleasant, that research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night
were sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.”
What is the purpose of the study?
Answer a.
s: The study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic
matrix of McCarthy, which includes effects of endorphins on sleep,
learning ability, pain, digestive function, and cardiac output.
b.
This study was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total
hours of sleep per 24-hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7
hours of sleep per night, attributable to insomnia.
c.
Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately
following the session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually
,NURS 5366 Quiz 1&2 Research
extend to total sleep, despite anecdotal support. The claim that
massage increases total hours of sleep has been inadequately
researched.
d.
It was posited that provision of daily late-morning massage would
affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day.
Response The research purpose is generated from the problem and identifies
Feedback the specific focus or aim of the study. The focus of the study might
: be to identify, describe, explain, or predict a solution to a situation.
The purpose often indicates the type of study to be conducted
(descriptive, correlational, quasi-experimental, or experimental) and
usually includes the variables, population, and setting for the study.
p. 48
• Question 3
A graduate student receives a mailed survey asking her to participate in research
about unpleasant experiences in graduate school. She is asked to return the
survey, and the instructions say, “Return of this instrument implies consent.” Why
does this constitute consent?
Answer a.
s: Only interventional research requires consent.
b.
The study is anonymous, so there is no risk of disclosure.
c.
Studies like this are exempt from institutional review board oversight,
so consent is not required.
d.
Not returning the survey constitutes refusal, and subjects may indeed
refuse by not completing the survey. The opposite is equally true.
Response The requirements for written consent may be waived in research
Feedback: that “presents no more than minimal risk of harm to subjects and
involves no procedures for which written consent is normally
required outside of the research context.” For example, if
questionnaires are used to collect relatively harmless data, a signed
consent form from the subjects would not be required. The subject’s
completion of the questionnaire may serve as consent. The top of
the questionnaire might contain a statement such as “Your
completion of this questionnaire indicates your consent to
participate in this study.”
p. 179
• Question 4
A research study contains the following in its Introduction section: “This study
was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total hours of sleep per 24-
hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night, attributable
to insomnia.......... Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately following the
, NURS 5366 Quiz 1&2 Research
session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually extend to total sleep,
despite anecdotal support. The claim that massage increases total hours of sleep
has been inadequately researched .......... Does massage increase the total number
of hours of daily sleep?......... It was posited that provision of daily late-morning
massage would affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day. The
study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic matrix of McCarthy,
which includes effects of endorphins on sleep, learning ability, pain, digestive
function, and cardiac output ..........It was taken as established fact that massage is
pleasant, that research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night
were sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.”
What is the research problem?
Answer a.
s: Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately
following the session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually
extend to total sleep, despite anecdotal support.
b.
This study was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total
hours of sleep per 24-hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7
hours of sleep per night, attributable to insomnia.
c.
It was posited that provision of daily late-morning massage would
affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day.
d.
It was taken as established fact that massage is pleasant, that
research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night were
sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.
Response A research problem is an area of concern or phenomenon of
Feedback: interest about which there is a gap in the knowledge base needed
for nursing practice. The problem identifies an area of concern or
phenomenon of interest for a particular population and often
indicates the concepts to be studied.
p. 47
• Question 5
The right an individual has to be told that he is a potential participant in a
research study and may decide not to be so best defines which of the following
human rights?
Answer a.
s: Privacy
b.
Self-
determination
c.
Justice
Quiz 1 Research
• Question 1
What is the first step in the critical appraisal of a study?
Answer a.
s: Identifying the research design
b.
Determine the strengths and weaknesses
c.
Discussing the implications for nursing
practice
d.
Identification of the steps of the research
process
Response p.43
Feedback: 6
• Question 2
A research study contains the following in its Introduction section: “This study
was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total hours of sleep per 24-
hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night, attributable
to insomnia.......... Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately following the
session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually extend to total sleep,
despite anecdotal support. The claim that massage increases total hours of sleep
has been inadequately researched .......... Does massage increase the total number
of hours of daily sleep?......... It was posited that provision of daily late-morning
massage would affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day. The
study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic matrix of McCarthy,
which includes effects of endorphins on sleep, learning ability, pain, digestive
function, and cardiac output ..........It was taken as established fact that massage is
pleasant, that research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night
were sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.”
What is the purpose of the study?
Answer a.
s: The study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic
matrix of McCarthy, which includes effects of endorphins on sleep,
learning ability, pain, digestive function, and cardiac output.
b.
This study was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total
hours of sleep per 24-hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7
hours of sleep per night, attributable to insomnia.
c.
Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately
following the session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually
,NURS 5366 Quiz 1&2 Research
extend to total sleep, despite anecdotal support. The claim that
massage increases total hours of sleep has been inadequately
researched.
d.
It was posited that provision of daily late-morning massage would
affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day.
Response The research purpose is generated from the problem and identifies
Feedback the specific focus or aim of the study. The focus of the study might
: be to identify, describe, explain, or predict a solution to a situation.
The purpose often indicates the type of study to be conducted
(descriptive, correlational, quasi-experimental, or experimental) and
usually includes the variables, population, and setting for the study.
p. 48
• Question 3
A graduate student receives a mailed survey asking her to participate in research
about unpleasant experiences in graduate school. She is asked to return the
survey, and the instructions say, “Return of this instrument implies consent.” Why
does this constitute consent?
Answer a.
s: Only interventional research requires consent.
b.
The study is anonymous, so there is no risk of disclosure.
c.
Studies like this are exempt from institutional review board oversight,
so consent is not required.
d.
Not returning the survey constitutes refusal, and subjects may indeed
refuse by not completing the survey. The opposite is equally true.
Response The requirements for written consent may be waived in research
Feedback: that “presents no more than minimal risk of harm to subjects and
involves no procedures for which written consent is normally
required outside of the research context.” For example, if
questionnaires are used to collect relatively harmless data, a signed
consent form from the subjects would not be required. The subject’s
completion of the questionnaire may serve as consent. The top of
the questionnaire might contain a statement such as “Your
completion of this questionnaire indicates your consent to
participate in this study.”
p. 179
• Question 4
A research study contains the following in its Introduction section: “This study
was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total hours of sleep per 24-
hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night, attributable
to insomnia.......... Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately following the
, NURS 5366 Quiz 1&2 Research
session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually extend to total sleep,
despite anecdotal support. The claim that massage increases total hours of sleep
has been inadequately researched .......... Does massage increase the total number
of hours of daily sleep?......... It was posited that provision of daily late-morning
massage would affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day. The
study’s causational explanation was based on the physiologic matrix of McCarthy,
which includes effects of endorphins on sleep, learning ability, pain, digestive
function, and cardiac output ..........It was taken as established fact that massage is
pleasant, that research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night
were sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.”
What is the research problem?
Answer a.
s: Presumably by increasing endorphin levels, massage seems to
provide an immediate relaxation and an ability to sleep immediately
following the session, but it is unclear whether these benefits actually
extend to total sleep, despite anecdotal support.
b.
This study was undertaken to explore the effect of massage on total
hours of sleep per 24-hour day, in persons averaging fewer than 7
hours of sleep per night, attributable to insomnia.
c.
It was posited that provision of daily late-morning massage would
affect total hours of sleep per 24-hour day.
d.
It was taken as established fact that massage is pleasant, that
research subjects getting fewer than 7 hours of sleep per night were
sleep-deprived, and that endorphins mediated the changes observed.
Response A research problem is an area of concern or phenomenon of
Feedback: interest about which there is a gap in the knowledge base needed
for nursing practice. The problem identifies an area of concern or
phenomenon of interest for a particular population and often
indicates the concepts to be studied.
p. 47
• Question 5
The right an individual has to be told that he is a potential participant in a
research study and may decide not to be so best defines which of the following
human rights?
Answer a.
s: Privacy
b.
Self-
determination
c.
Justice
