Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
CNS PNS PRACTICE
QUESTIONS 2021
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
CNS/PNS PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The
nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?
a. Slow heart rate
b. Cough
c. Diarrhea
d. Hearing loss
Answer: C. Diarrhea.
Rationale: Prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration and other serious effects. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
are adverse effects of dantrolene. The client should report these effects so the nurse can monitor fluid balance
and intervene accordingly.
2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure
disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
a. Hirsutism
b. Depression
c. Jaundice
d. Gum irritation
Answer: C. Jaundice
Rationale: Valproic acid can cause hepatotoxicity, characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea.
Clients taking the drug should report these manifestations, and the nurse should monitor liver function studies
prior to treatment and periodically during therapy.
3. A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat Parkinson’s disease. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a. Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
b. Eat a high-protein snack to increase absorption.
c. Take the drug at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness.
d. Expect eye twitching to develop with long-term therapy.
Answer: A. Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa can cause orthostatic hypotension. High-protein foods can reduce the
effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa. Clients typically take this drug in divided doses during the day. Muscle
twitching indicates drug toxicity which is an adverse effect that the client should report.
4. A nurse in an acute care facility is preparing to admit a client who has myasthenia gravis. Which of the
following supplies should the nurse place at the client's bedside?
A. Metered-dose inhaler
B. Continuous passive motion machine
C. External defibrillator pads
D. Oral-nasal suction equipment
Correct Answer: D. Oral-nasal suction equipment
Rationale: The client who has myasthenia gravis is at risk of aspiration due to progressive weakness of the
oropharyngeal muscles. Myasthenia gravis causes muscle weakness due to an autoimmune disease that affects
the acetylcholine receptors. The nurse should place oxygen and oral-nasal suction equipment at the bedside in
the event of aspiration or respiratory distress.
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
5. A patient is taking selegiline (Eldepryl) to treat Parkinson's Disease. The provider is considering the use of
analgesics for the patient but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and meperidine
(Demerol) can result in which of the following?
A.Frequent urination
B.Jaundice
C.Cellulitis
D.Muscle rigidity
Answer: D. A drug interaction between selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in a serious
reaction resulting in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension, and fever.
6. A HCP is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking dantrolene for skeletal muscle spasms. The HCP
should recognize that which of the following lab tests requires monitoring
A.Serum potassium
B.Liver function
C.Serum sodium
D.Thyroid function
Answer B. - Liver toxicity is a serious adverse effect of dantrolene. The healthcare professional should monitor
liver function prior to treatment and at regular intervals, and advise patients to report jaundice or abdominal
pain.
7. The reduction of what chemical within the central nervous system causes Parkinson's Disease?
A. Substantia nigra
B. Acetylcholine
C. Dopamine
D. Serotonin
Answer: C. With Parkinson's Disease dopamine is reduced.
8. At what point are cholinesterase inhibitors no longer effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease?
A. When the brain size shrinks and can no longer produce acetylcholinesterase
B. When the number of neurotransmitters sufficiently decreases
C. When the patient's ability to swallow is impaired
D. When there are fewer intact neurons available to make acetylcholine
Answer: D. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit acetylcholine with less neurons making acetylcholine,
cholinesterase inhibitors will no longer be effective.
9. A nurse working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has benzodiazepine toxicity due to
overdose. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
a. administer flumazenil
b. Identify the clients LOC
c. Infuse IV fluids
d. Prepare the client for gastric lavage
Answer: B.
Rationale: the first action the nurse should take when using the nursing process is to assess the client.
Identifying the client’s level or orientation is the priority action.
10. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for buspirone to treat anxiety. Which of
the following information should the nurse include?
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
CNS PNS PRACTICE
QUESTIONS 2021
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
CNS/PNS PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for dantrolene to treat skeletal muscle spasms. The
nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following adverse effects?
a. Slow heart rate
b. Cough
c. Diarrhea
d. Hearing loss
Answer: C. Diarrhea.
Rationale: Prolonged diarrhea can cause dehydration and other serious effects. Diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting
are adverse effects of dantrolene. The client should report these effects so the nurse can monitor fluid balance
and intervene accordingly.
2. A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for valproic acid to treat a seizure
disorder. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
a. Hirsutism
b. Depression
c. Jaundice
d. Gum irritation
Answer: C. Jaundice
Rationale: Valproic acid can cause hepatotoxicity, characterized by jaundice, abdominal pain, and nausea.
Clients taking the drug should report these manifestations, and the nurse should monitor liver function studies
prior to treatment and periodically during therapy.
3. A nurse is teaching a client who is taking levodopa/carbidopa to treat Parkinson’s disease. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include?
a. Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
b. Eat a high-protein snack to increase absorption.
c. Take the drug at bedtime to avoid daytime drowsiness.
d. Expect eye twitching to develop with long-term therapy.
Answer: A. Change position slowly to prevent orthostatic hypotension.
Rationale: Levodopa/carbidopa can cause orthostatic hypotension. High-protein foods can reduce the
effectiveness of levodopa/carbidopa. Clients typically take this drug in divided doses during the day. Muscle
twitching indicates drug toxicity which is an adverse effect that the client should report.
4. A nurse in an acute care facility is preparing to admit a client who has myasthenia gravis. Which of the
following supplies should the nurse place at the client's bedside?
A. Metered-dose inhaler
B. Continuous passive motion machine
C. External defibrillator pads
D. Oral-nasal suction equipment
Correct Answer: D. Oral-nasal suction equipment
Rationale: The client who has myasthenia gravis is at risk of aspiration due to progressive weakness of the
oropharyngeal muscles. Myasthenia gravis causes muscle weakness due to an autoimmune disease that affects
the acetylcholine receptors. The nurse should place oxygen and oral-nasal suction equipment at the bedside in
the event of aspiration or respiratory distress.
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study Material
5. A patient is taking selegiline (Eldepryl) to treat Parkinson's Disease. The provider is considering the use of
analgesics for the patient but should be aware that a drug interaction between selegiline and meperidine
(Demerol) can result in which of the following?
A.Frequent urination
B.Jaundice
C.Cellulitis
D.Muscle rigidity
Answer: D. A drug interaction between selegiline and opioids, especially meperidine, can result in a serious
reaction resulting in rigidity, stupor, agitation, hypertension, and fever.
6. A HCP is caring for a patient who is about to begin taking dantrolene for skeletal muscle spasms. The HCP
should recognize that which of the following lab tests requires monitoring
A.Serum potassium
B.Liver function
C.Serum sodium
D.Thyroid function
Answer B. - Liver toxicity is a serious adverse effect of dantrolene. The healthcare professional should monitor
liver function prior to treatment and at regular intervals, and advise patients to report jaundice or abdominal
pain.
7. The reduction of what chemical within the central nervous system causes Parkinson's Disease?
A. Substantia nigra
B. Acetylcholine
C. Dopamine
D. Serotonin
Answer: C. With Parkinson's Disease dopamine is reduced.
8. At what point are cholinesterase inhibitors no longer effective in the treatment of Alzheimer disease?
A. When the brain size shrinks and can no longer produce acetylcholinesterase
B. When the number of neurotransmitters sufficiently decreases
C. When the patient's ability to swallow is impaired
D. When there are fewer intact neurons available to make acetylcholine
Answer: D. Cholinesterase inhibitors inhibit acetylcholine with less neurons making acetylcholine,
cholinesterase inhibitors will no longer be effective.
9. A nurse working in an emergency department is caring for a client who has benzodiazepine toxicity due to
overdose. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority?
a. administer flumazenil
b. Identify the clients LOC
c. Infuse IV fluids
d. Prepare the client for gastric lavage
Answer: B.
Rationale: the first action the nurse should take when using the nursing process is to assess the client.
Identifying the client’s level or orientation is the priority action.
10. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for buspirone to treat anxiety. Which of
the following information should the nurse include?
Downloaded by: Ariah |
Distribution of this document is illegal
