NR222 Unit 1study guide
Healthy People Documents
Increased focus on being healthy and preventing diseases and less focus
on illness care
Effort from the government, organizations, businesses, and people
Definition of Health
"A complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of a disease of infirmity"
Family health
Community health
Nurses find what "health" is for each patient since is varies person to
person
Things that can impact health
o Environment
o Diet
o Lifestyle choices
Models of Health and Illness
Health Beliefs - a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health
and sickness
Health beliefs usually impact health behaviors
Positive health behaviors - vaccines, proper sleep, nutrition, exercise
Negative health behaviors - drugs, alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition,
noncompliant with medications/orders
Health Belief Model
Rosenstoch, Becker, Maiman
Compares and contrasts person's belief and their behaviors
Promotes better patient care by understanding what influences their
perceptions, beliefs, and behaviors
Three Parts to the Health Belief Model
1. Individual Perceptions
o How susceptible the patient believes they are to getting the disease
2. Modifying Factors
o How serious the patient thinks the disease is
3. Likelihood of Action
o How likely the patient is to take action to prevent disease or get
better
Health Promotion Model
Pender
Believes health is a positive state and not just being disease free
Directed to increase patients overall well-being
, Three Parts of the Health Promotion Model
1. Individual Characteristics and Experiences
2. Behavior-Specific Knowledge and Affect
3. Behavioral Outcomes
Each person was different characteristics and experiences that affect
the actions
The end goal is to see the patient have health-promoting behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Based on basic human needs
Helps focus nurses on which patient needs help first
o Have to have the lower parts of the pyramid before the higher
Physiological
o Food, shelter, sex, elimination
Safety and Security
o Physical and psychological
Love and Belonging
Self-Esteem
Self-Actualization
Holistic Health Models
Emotional and spiritual well-being to be physically well
Patients are the expert and believe their subjective data
Patients are involved in process
Uses meditation, music, reminiscence, relaxation techniques , guided
imagery
o May also use medicine with these techniques
Variables Influencing Health and Health Beliefs and Practices
Internal Variables
Developmental Stage
o Young children - fear and anxiety when in hospital usually d/t lack of
information and knowledge
o Different ages are at different stages of development which easier
predicts their response to health and illness
Intellectual Background
o Knowledge, education, traditions, and past experiences influence
how patients think about health
Perception of Functioning
o Subjective data about their functioning
Any SOB, fatigue, pain, etc.
o Then obtain objective data to match
Wheezing, BP, etc.
Emotional Factors
o Stress, depression, and fear
Spiritual Factors
Healthy People Documents
Increased focus on being healthy and preventing diseases and less focus
on illness care
Effort from the government, organizations, businesses, and people
Definition of Health
"A complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the
absence of a disease of infirmity"
Family health
Community health
Nurses find what "health" is for each patient since is varies person to
person
Things that can impact health
o Environment
o Diet
o Lifestyle choices
Models of Health and Illness
Health Beliefs - a person's ideas, convictions, and attitudes about health
and sickness
Health beliefs usually impact health behaviors
Positive health behaviors - vaccines, proper sleep, nutrition, exercise
Negative health behaviors - drugs, alcohol, smoking, poor nutrition,
noncompliant with medications/orders
Health Belief Model
Rosenstoch, Becker, Maiman
Compares and contrasts person's belief and their behaviors
Promotes better patient care by understanding what influences their
perceptions, beliefs, and behaviors
Three Parts to the Health Belief Model
1. Individual Perceptions
o How susceptible the patient believes they are to getting the disease
2. Modifying Factors
o How serious the patient thinks the disease is
3. Likelihood of Action
o How likely the patient is to take action to prevent disease or get
better
Health Promotion Model
Pender
Believes health is a positive state and not just being disease free
Directed to increase patients overall well-being
, Three Parts of the Health Promotion Model
1. Individual Characteristics and Experiences
2. Behavior-Specific Knowledge and Affect
3. Behavioral Outcomes
Each person was different characteristics and experiences that affect
the actions
The end goal is to see the patient have health-promoting behavior
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Based on basic human needs
Helps focus nurses on which patient needs help first
o Have to have the lower parts of the pyramid before the higher
Physiological
o Food, shelter, sex, elimination
Safety and Security
o Physical and psychological
Love and Belonging
Self-Esteem
Self-Actualization
Holistic Health Models
Emotional and spiritual well-being to be physically well
Patients are the expert and believe their subjective data
Patients are involved in process
Uses meditation, music, reminiscence, relaxation techniques , guided
imagery
o May also use medicine with these techniques
Variables Influencing Health and Health Beliefs and Practices
Internal Variables
Developmental Stage
o Young children - fear and anxiety when in hospital usually d/t lack of
information and knowledge
o Different ages are at different stages of development which easier
predicts their response to health and illness
Intellectual Background
o Knowledge, education, traditions, and past experiences influence
how patients think about health
Perception of Functioning
o Subjective data about their functioning
Any SOB, fatigue, pain, etc.
o Then obtain objective data to match
Wheezing, BP, etc.
Emotional Factors
o Stress, depression, and fear
Spiritual Factors
