NR 283 CHAPTER 6 REVIIEW TEST 1
1. What are microorganisms?
Small living forms
Can grow in artificial culture medium
Fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa.
2. What is nonpathogenic?
Microorganisms that don’t cause a disease unless condition
changes.
Normal flora and are beneficial
3. What are pathogens?
Disease causing microorganisms
Called germs
4. What are bacteria?
Unicellular organism that doesn’t require living tissue to
survive
5. Characteristics of bacteria?
Prokaryotes
No nucleous
No nuclear membrane
Single cell
They divide by binary fission
6. What are the major groups of bacteria?
Bacilli: rod shaped
Spirals: wavy line, have flagella- tail.
Cocci: spherical.
7. What is a rigid cell wall?
Protects the microbe and provides specific shape.
Bacteria has 2 types of cell wall:
o Gram positive
o Gram negative
8. What is gram positive
A type of cell wall in bacteria, its useful to know what tkind
of cell wall the bacterium has to identify and be treated for
the right thing.
9. What is gram negative
A type of cell wall in bacteria, its useful to know what tkind
of cell wall the bacteria has to identify and be treated for
the right thing.
10. Where is the cell membrane located?
, It is located in sude the bacterial cell wall
Semipermeable membrane controls the movement of
nutrients in and out of the cell.
11. What are spore formations?
A latent form of the bacterium with a coating that is
resistant to heat and disinfectants.
Can survive long periods of time
Ex. Cdiff
12. What are viruses?
Small obligate intracellular parasite.
13. What are some characteristics of viruses?
Requires living host cell for replication
It has a protein coat: DNA or RNA, it has many shapes and
sizes and it can change fast/ mutate.
Nucleic acid: RNA and DNA classiffcation can be depends
on the nucleic acid present.
Usually attacks the host cell.
It doesn’t have a cell wall
Uses the host cells to replicate
14. What is a nuclein acid?
RNA
DNA
15. What is an active viral infection?
Attaches to the host cell
It is infecting the person
Uses the host cell to synthesize proteis
New viruses collect in the cytoplasm of the cell
Viral DNA or RNA takes control of the cell
16. By what are viruses released from?
By lysis of host cell or by coming from host cell
membrane.
17. What is latent viral infection?
The virus enters the host cell but it replicates very slowly,
or later on. If the immune system is depressed they will
show up faster.
18. Chlamydiae, rickettsiae and mycoplasmas
They have silimar characteristics with bacteria and viruses
Replicate by binary fission in the host cells
19. What is chlamydia?
STD
1. What are microorganisms?
Small living forms
Can grow in artificial culture medium
Fungi, bacteria, viruses, protozoa.
2. What is nonpathogenic?
Microorganisms that don’t cause a disease unless condition
changes.
Normal flora and are beneficial
3. What are pathogens?
Disease causing microorganisms
Called germs
4. What are bacteria?
Unicellular organism that doesn’t require living tissue to
survive
5. Characteristics of bacteria?
Prokaryotes
No nucleous
No nuclear membrane
Single cell
They divide by binary fission
6. What are the major groups of bacteria?
Bacilli: rod shaped
Spirals: wavy line, have flagella- tail.
Cocci: spherical.
7. What is a rigid cell wall?
Protects the microbe and provides specific shape.
Bacteria has 2 types of cell wall:
o Gram positive
o Gram negative
8. What is gram positive
A type of cell wall in bacteria, its useful to know what tkind
of cell wall the bacterium has to identify and be treated for
the right thing.
9. What is gram negative
A type of cell wall in bacteria, its useful to know what tkind
of cell wall the bacteria has to identify and be treated for
the right thing.
10. Where is the cell membrane located?
, It is located in sude the bacterial cell wall
Semipermeable membrane controls the movement of
nutrients in and out of the cell.
11. What are spore formations?
A latent form of the bacterium with a coating that is
resistant to heat and disinfectants.
Can survive long periods of time
Ex. Cdiff
12. What are viruses?
Small obligate intracellular parasite.
13. What are some characteristics of viruses?
Requires living host cell for replication
It has a protein coat: DNA or RNA, it has many shapes and
sizes and it can change fast/ mutate.
Nucleic acid: RNA and DNA classiffcation can be depends
on the nucleic acid present.
Usually attacks the host cell.
It doesn’t have a cell wall
Uses the host cells to replicate
14. What is a nuclein acid?
RNA
DNA
15. What is an active viral infection?
Attaches to the host cell
It is infecting the person
Uses the host cell to synthesize proteis
New viruses collect in the cytoplasm of the cell
Viral DNA or RNA takes control of the cell
16. By what are viruses released from?
By lysis of host cell or by coming from host cell
membrane.
17. What is latent viral infection?
The virus enters the host cell but it replicates very slowly,
or later on. If the immune system is depressed they will
show up faster.
18. Chlamydiae, rickettsiae and mycoplasmas
They have silimar characteristics with bacteria and viruses
Replicate by binary fission in the host cells
19. What is chlamydia?
STD
