NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
: Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Test Bank
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
1. In preparing a staff in-service presentation about diabetes mellitus, the nurse includes
which information?
a.
Diabetes increases the risk for development of epilepsy.
b.
The cure for diabetes is the administration of insulin.
c.
Diabetes increases the risk for development of cardiovascular disease.
d.
Carbohydrate metabolism is altered in diabetes, but protein metabolism is normal.
ANS: C
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery
disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Insulin is a lifelong
treatment for some diabetic clients. Because insulin regulates the metabolism of
carbohydrates, fats, and protein, abnormalities in insulin production or use alter their
metabolism.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 1411
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)
2. A client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels no
lower than about 60 mg/dL. Which is the nurse’s best response?
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
,NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
a.
“Glucose is the only fuel used by the body to produce the energy that it needs.”
b.
“Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it.”
c.
“Without a minimum level of glucose, your body does not make red blood cells.”
d.
“Glucose in the blood prevents the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis.”
ANS: B
Because the brain cannot synthesize or store significant amounts of glucose, a continuous
supply from the body’s circulation is needed to meet the fuel demands of the central nervous
system. The other statements are not accurate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension/Understanding REF: p. 1411
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
3. The nurse is monitoring a client with hypoglycemia. Glucagon provides which function?
a.
It enhances the activity of insulin, restoring blood glucose levels to normal
more quickly after a high-calorie meal.
b.
It is a storage form of glucose and can be broken down for energy when
blood glucose levels are low.
c.
It converts excess glucose into glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels in times
of excess.
d.
It prevents hypoglycemia by promoting release of glucose from liver storage sites.
ANS: D
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
,NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
Glycogen is a counterregulatory hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas when
blood glucose levels are low. The actions of glycogen that raise blood glucose levels include
stimulating the liver to break down glycogen (glycogenolysis) and forming new glucose from
protein breakdown (gluconeogenesis). The other statements are not accurate descriptions of
the actions of glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 1412
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Analysis)
4. A client with untreated diabetes mellitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of
560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding?
a.
Serum sodium, 163 mEq/L
b.
Serum creatinine, 1.6 mg/dL
c.
Presence of urine ketone bodies
d.
Serum osmolarity, 375 mOsm/kg
ANS: D
Hyperglycemia causes hyperosmolarity of extracellular fluid. This leads to polyuria from an
osmotic diuresis. The client’s serum osmolarity is high. The client’s sodium would be
expected to be high owing to dehydration. Urine ketone bodies and serum creatinine are not
related to the polyuria.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher REF: N/A
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Analysis)
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
, NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
5. A client with diabetes has a serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL. The nurse correlates which
urinalysis finding with this client?
a.
Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis
b.
Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia
c.
Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
d.
White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis
ANS: C
Urine should not contain protein. The presence of proteinuria in a diabetic client marks the
beginning of kidney problems known as diabetic nephropathy, which progresses eventually
to end-stage kidney disease. Decline in kidney function is assessed with serum creatinine.
This client’s creatinine level is high. The other findings would not be correlated with
declining kidney function.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher REF: N/A
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Reduction of Risk Potential—
Laboratory Values) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)
6. A young adult client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been taught about self-
care. Which statement by the client indicates a good understanding of needed eye
examinations?
a.
“At my age, I should continue seeing the ophthalmologist as I usually do.”
b.
“I will see the eye doctor whenever I have a vision problem and yearly after
age 40.”
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
: Care of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Test Bank
MULTIPLE
CHOICE
1. In preparing a staff in-service presentation about diabetes mellitus, the nurse includes
which information?
a.
Diabetes increases the risk for development of epilepsy.
b.
The cure for diabetes is the administration of insulin.
c.
Diabetes increases the risk for development of cardiovascular disease.
d.
Carbohydrate metabolism is altered in diabetes, but protein metabolism is normal.
ANS: C
Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for morbidity and mortality caused by coronary artery
disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral vascular disease. Insulin is a lifelong
treatment for some diabetic clients. Because insulin regulates the metabolism of
carbohydrates, fats, and protein, abnormalities in insulin production or use alter their
metabolism.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 1411
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)
2. A client with diabetes asks the nurse why it is necessary to maintain blood glucose levels no
lower than about 60 mg/dL. Which is the nurse’s best response?
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
,NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
a.
“Glucose is the only fuel used by the body to produce the energy that it needs.”
b.
“Your brain needs a constant supply of glucose because it cannot store it.”
c.
“Without a minimum level of glucose, your body does not make red blood cells.”
d.
“Glucose in the blood prevents the formation of lactic acid and prevents acidosis.”
ANS: B
Because the brain cannot synthesize or store significant amounts of glucose, a continuous
supply from the body’s circulation is needed to meet the fuel demands of the central nervous
system. The other statements are not accurate.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension/Understanding REF: p. 1411
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Teaching/Learning
3. The nurse is monitoring a client with hypoglycemia. Glucagon provides which function?
a.
It enhances the activity of insulin, restoring blood glucose levels to normal
more quickly after a high-calorie meal.
b.
It is a storage form of glucose and can be broken down for energy when
blood glucose levels are low.
c.
It converts excess glucose into glycogen, lowering blood glucose levels in times
of excess.
d.
It prevents hypoglycemia by promoting release of glucose from liver storage sites.
ANS: D
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
,NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
Glycogen is a counterregulatory hormone secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas when
blood glucose levels are low. The actions of glycogen that raise blood glucose levels include
stimulating the liver to break down glycogen (glycogenolysis) and forming new glucose from
protein breakdown (gluconeogenesis). The other statements are not accurate descriptions of
the actions of glucagon.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge/Remembering REF: p. 1412
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Analysis)
4. A client with untreated diabetes mellitus has polyuria, is lethargic, and has a blood glucose of
560 mg/dL. The nurse correlates the polyuria with which finding?
a.
Serum sodium, 163 mEq/L
b.
Serum creatinine, 1.6 mg/dL
c.
Presence of urine ketone bodies
d.
Serum osmolarity, 375 mOsm/kg
ANS: D
Hyperglycemia causes hyperosmolarity of extracellular fluid. This leads to polyuria from an
osmotic diuresis. The client’s serum osmolarity is high. The client’s sodium would be
expected to be high owing to dehydration. Urine ketone bodies and serum creatinine are not
related to the polyuria.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher REF: N/A
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Physiological Adaptation—
Pathophysiology) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Analysis)
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
, NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
5. A client with diabetes has a serum creatinine of 1.9 mg/dL. The nurse correlates which
urinalysis finding with this client?
a.
Ketone bodies in the urine during acidosis
b.
Glucose in the urine during hyperglycemia
c.
Protein in the urine during a random urinalysis
d.
White blood cells in the urine during a random urinalysis
ANS: C
Urine should not contain protein. The presence of proteinuria in a diabetic client marks the
beginning of kidney problems known as diabetic nephropathy, which progresses eventually
to end-stage kidney disease. Decline in kidney function is assessed with serum creatinine.
This client’s creatinine level is high. The other findings would not be correlated with
declining kidney function.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Application/Applying or higher REF: N/A
TOP: Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity (Reduction of Risk Potential—
Laboratory Values) MSC: Integrated Process: Nursing Process (Assessment)
6. A young adult client newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus has been taught about self-
care. Which statement by the client indicates a good understanding of needed eye
examinations?
a.
“At my age, I should continue seeing the ophthalmologist as I usually do.”
b.
“I will see the eye doctor whenever I have a vision problem and yearly after
age 40.”
NURSING NURSING nu350 FINAL Diabetes Mellitus Test
Bank EXAM LATEST 2021/2022 QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS,100% CORRECT
