BioChemistry Review/ BioChemistry Review_Complete Solution

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1. Match the letters with the correct names of the processes of the central dogma (Replication; Transcription;
Translation).




A) Replication, B) Transcription, C) Translation


2. Label the lettered strands of nucleic acid below. The possible words to use in labeling strands are: Coding Strand,
Non-template Strand, Non-coding Strand, Template Strand, and mRNA. Note: A and B refer to one strand of DNA;
C and D refer to the other strand of DNA.




A) Non-template B) Coding C) Template D) Non-coding E) mRNA


3. If one strand of chromosome 2 has a DNA sequence that consists of this: 5’ AAG CGG TAC GTA 3’ What will be the
composition of the complementary DNA strand? (Select all that apply)
3' TTC GCC ATG CAT 5' & 5'TAC GTA CCG CTT 3'


4. During DNA replication, which of the following sequences can be used as a primer for the following DNA
sequence: 3' AGT GGA TCA CTA GGC TCT 5'? (Recall that DNA replication uses RNA primers whereas PCR uses
DNA primers).
5' UCA CCU AGU GAU 3'


5. Which of the following is the correct tRNA anticodon for the mRNA codon 5' GCA 3' ?
5' UGC 3'


6. The following sequence is the coding DNA strand of the collagen gene: 5’ ATG GCG TTC GAA 3’ What is the
sequence of the corresponding mRNA?
5' AUG GCG UUC GAA 3'


7. What would be the resulting mRNA sequence from a template strand with this sequence: 5’-CAG CTC GTC-3’?
5’-GAC GAG CUG-3’

8. What is the coding strand sequence if the non-template strand sequence is 5’-AGC CTT TAA CTA-3’

, 3’-ATC AAT TTC CGA-5’


9. What would be the amino acid sequence that would result from this template sequence: 5'-TGC AAG CCA-3’?




Trp Leu Ala


10. What would the amino acid sequence be from this coding strand sequence: 5’-GGA AGG CCC-3’ (utilize the table
from question 9)?
Gly Arg Pro


11. A mutation in the DNA that changes the sequence of a codon but does NOT change the amino acid sequence of
the protein describes a _____ _____.
silent mutation.


12. A nonsense mutation
changes a codon to introduce a premature stop codon

13. Point mutations
change a single nucleotide in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are missense, nonsense,
and silent mutations.


14. A missense mutation
changes a single amino acid in a protein.


15. Frameshift mutations
change the number of nucleotides in a mutant gene compared to the normal gene. Examples are insertion and
deletion mutations.

16. When comparing a normal and mutant gene sequence, how do you identify a frameshift mutation?

, The number of nucleotides between the normal and mutant gene sequences is different and the amino acid
sequence is different.


17. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', what kind of mutation
would create the mutant gene sequence 5' GTC GAC ATG GTG A 3'?




Insertion mutation


18. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', which DNA sequence
would represent a nonsense mutation (utilize table from question 17)?
5' GTC GCA TAG TGA 3'


19. If the coding (non-template) DNA sequence of a normal gene is 5' GTC GCA TGG TGA 3', which DNA sequence
would represent a deletion mutation (utilize table from question 17)?
5' GTC GCA TGT GA 3'


20. Which of the following would be considered a point mutation to a DNA strand that consists of a nucleotide
sequence: 5’ CTG ACG TAT CTT AAT 3’ (utilize table from question 17)?
5’ CTG ACG TAA CTT AAT 3’


21. The RNA sequence 5’-CUC AUA GCC UGA CCC-3’ is mutated to 5’-CUC AUA GCC UAA CCC-3’ What kind of
mutation is this? (utilize table from question 17)
Silent


22. 12. The following is the mRNA sequence for actin, a protein that provides structure to a cell: 5’ ACU AGA CGU
UUU UAA 3’. A mutation to the actin gene results in the production of the following mRNA: 5’ ACU AGA CAU
UUU UAA 3’ What type of mutation is this? (utilize table from question 17)
Missense