ANATOMY
INTEGUMENT
QUESTION AND ANSWERS
, Integument
The skin covers the body with the superficial epidermis, made of epithelial tissue, and the deeper dermis, containing
much connective tissue. Under the dermis is the superfi cial fascia (also called the hypodermis despite NOT being part
of the skin). The most superfi cial layer of the epidermis is the waterproof stratum corneum. It is not comprised of
living cells, hence affords the body great protection against dehydration and from bacteria in the same way that the
peel of (say) an apple protects its contents. The deepest layer of the epidermis is the stratum germinativum. Here
keratinocytes are actively dividing (and producing keratin and previtamin D 3 ). Melanocytes also inhabit this layer
and produce melanin. Dendrocytes migrate to the skin from the bone marrow and become macrophages there. Merkel
cells are one of the many sensory receptors found in the skin.
The dermis contains blood capillaries, hair roots, and several types of sensory receptors which may be free nerve
endings or encapsulated. The dermis also contains sudiferous (sweat) and sebaceous (oil) glands – these are “exocrine”
glands. The papillary dermal layer overlies the deeper reticular dermal layer. The former rises up to push papillae into
the epidermis and forms troughs to receive epidermal ridges, hence has a wavy boundary with the epidermis. Both
layers of the dermis are connective tissue, the deeper layer containing collagen and elastic fi bres.
1. Which statement below is correct?
A. dendrites are produced by dendrocytes
B. glycolipids are produced by lipocytes
C. keratin is produced by keratinocytes
D. melanin is produced by merkel cells
Answer is C: Keratin is the horny protein that gives the epidermis its protective qualities and is produced by
keratinocytes.
2. Where are sebaceous glands found?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the hypodermis
C. In the dermis
D. In the stratum corneum
Answer is C: Sebaceous glands produce sebum (oil) and are located in the dermis.
3. When a medicine is delivered via a patch attached to the skin, it is said to be delivered:
A. transdermally
B. subcutaneously
C. topically
D. intramuscularly
INTEGUMENT
QUESTION AND ANSWERS
, Integument
The skin covers the body with the superficial epidermis, made of epithelial tissue, and the deeper dermis, containing
much connective tissue. Under the dermis is the superfi cial fascia (also called the hypodermis despite NOT being part
of the skin). The most superfi cial layer of the epidermis is the waterproof stratum corneum. It is not comprised of
living cells, hence affords the body great protection against dehydration and from bacteria in the same way that the
peel of (say) an apple protects its contents. The deepest layer of the epidermis is the stratum germinativum. Here
keratinocytes are actively dividing (and producing keratin and previtamin D 3 ). Melanocytes also inhabit this layer
and produce melanin. Dendrocytes migrate to the skin from the bone marrow and become macrophages there. Merkel
cells are one of the many sensory receptors found in the skin.
The dermis contains blood capillaries, hair roots, and several types of sensory receptors which may be free nerve
endings or encapsulated. The dermis also contains sudiferous (sweat) and sebaceous (oil) glands – these are “exocrine”
glands. The papillary dermal layer overlies the deeper reticular dermal layer. The former rises up to push papillae into
the epidermis and forms troughs to receive epidermal ridges, hence has a wavy boundary with the epidermis. Both
layers of the dermis are connective tissue, the deeper layer containing collagen and elastic fi bres.
1. Which statement below is correct?
A. dendrites are produced by dendrocytes
B. glycolipids are produced by lipocytes
C. keratin is produced by keratinocytes
D. melanin is produced by merkel cells
Answer is C: Keratin is the horny protein that gives the epidermis its protective qualities and is produced by
keratinocytes.
2. Where are sebaceous glands found?
A. In the digestive system
B. In the hypodermis
C. In the dermis
D. In the stratum corneum
Answer is C: Sebaceous glands produce sebum (oil) and are located in the dermis.
3. When a medicine is delivered via a patch attached to the skin, it is said to be delivered:
A. transdermally
B. subcutaneously
C. topically
D. intramuscularly
