AQA A-level POLITICS Paper 3 Political ideas

Socialism Explain and analyse three ways in which socialist thinkers have viewed the concept of equality. [9 marks] Liberalism Explain and analyse three ways in which liberal thinkers have viewed the role of the state. [9 marks] Conservatism Explain and analyse three ways in which conservative thinkers have viewed the economy. [9 marks] Section B – Core Ideologies Extract Question Read the extracts below and answer question 4 that follows. Conservatism and society Extract 1 Individuals have rights, and there are things no person or group may do to them (without violating their rights). So strong and far-reaching are these rights that they raise the question of what, if anything, that state and its officials may do. How much room do individual rights leave for the state? The nature of the state, its legitimate functions in society and its justifications, if any, is the central concern of this book; a wide and diverse variety of topics intertwine in the course of our investigation. Extract adapted from Anarchy, State and Utopia, Robert Nozick (1974) Extract 2 Society is indeed a contract. As the ends of such a partnership cannot be obtained in many generations, it becomes a partnership not only between those who are living, but between those who are living, those who are dead, and those who are to be born. Each contract of each particular state is but a clause in the great primeval contract of eternal society, linking the lower with the higher natures, connecting the visible and invisible world, according to a fixed compact sanctioned by the inviolable oath which